1
25
59
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/97376be4433cba1f6b6dd0b6f3f4e863.pdf
f1aaf7c0d37bdacc54687263cc68c3e4
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Angele Hobeiche Kmeid-Ellis Collection: Correspondence
Description
An account of the resource
Materials in the Ellis Family correspondence collection focus primarily on the letters written between Angele Ellis and her family members in Lebanon. The collection contains over 400 letters, cards, poems, articles and drafts, and notes.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Kail Ellis
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1862-2014
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Ellis Family
Translations by Lala AlSaeedi and Hadia Harb
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Donor retains full ownership of any and all copyright currently controlled in agreement with Khayrallah Center. Nonexclusive right to authorize all uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA).
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
English
French
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KEllis2020-003
Title
A name given to the resource
Holy Card of Madonna Della Pace, 1899 March 18
Description
An account of the resource
A holy card depicting Madonna Della Pace (Madonna of Peace), dated 18 March 1899. Inscription on back written in French, including 'Lucerne (Suisse) and dates 18 March 1899 and 19 March 1899.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1899-03-18
Subject
The topic of the resource
Holy cards
Language
A language of the resource
French
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Kail Ellis
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Donor retains full ownership of any and all copyright currently controlled in agreement with Khayrallah Center. Nonexclusive right to authorize all uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA).
1890s
Madonna
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/78865d17ddc86f2463768e005fa67a30.pdf
8c73bc9f3cf1cbb28d4d52167cede653
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Zaytoun and Murman Family Photographs
Subject
The topic of the resource
Family business
Lebanese--United States
Military
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Ellis Zaytoun was born in Hammana, Lebanon on May 30, 1890. He immigrated to the United States in 1906 along with two of his brothers and by 1910 had moved to New Bern, North Carolina. Ellis began work as a peddler and dry goods clerk. In 1911, Ellis submitted an application for naturalization which was finalized in 1916. During this time, Ellis established himself as an integral member of the New Bern community. He volunteered for the local fire department and served as a member of the Syrian Brotherhood Society of New Bern, an early humanitarian group dedicated to providing aid to Lebanese, Syrians, and Armenians.</p>
<p>Ellis married Isabel DeKash in 1914, a fellow Lebanese immigrant from Hamana, Lebanon. Isabel and Ellis had six children who survived to adulthood: Evelyn Gladys Zaytoun Farris, Vivian Grace Zaytoun Salem, Constance Teresa Zaytoun Lamar, Joseph Ellis Zaytoun, Agnes Zaytoun Murman, and Henry Zaytoun. Ellis gradually expanded his business ventures from owning a fruit stand turned grocery to owning both a restaurant and a news agency. In 1940, Ellis was employed at John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company, and in 1957 he founded Zaytoun and Associates with his eldest son, Joseph.</p>
<p>During World War II Agnes Zaytoun worked at her father's newspaper stand in New Bern, North Carolina. During the war, she met her husband, Charles Murman, at a dance in Cherry Point. They married after the war and moved to Cleveland, Ohio. Agnes was an active member of St. Luke's Parish throughout her adult life. Agnes Zaytoun had six children: Michael Murman, Elaine Murman Ferguson, Evelyn Murman Quigley, David Murman, Ann Marie Murman Grove, and Maureen Murman.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>This collection primarily contains photographs collected by Agnes Zaytoun featuring her and members of the Zaytoun and Murman families.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
circa 1890s-2001
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Celine Shay, 2021-2022. Collection Guide content contributed by Celine Shay and updated by Allison Hall, 2021-2022 and 2023, December.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Agnes Zaytoun Estate
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0058
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/14">Joseph and Thelma Knuckley Zaytoun Papers</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Zaytoun003
Title
A name given to the resource
Portrait of Baby Isabelle Dekash, c. 1898
Subject
The topic of the resource
Photographs
Lebanese--United States
Description
An account of the resource
A copy of a portrait of baby Isabelle Dekash sitting in a chair. Dated around 1898. The back reads, "For Christmas gift from Brother Henry."
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
circa 1898
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Zaytoun Family
Murman Family
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Christmas
portrait
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/8864ea147c7b9400f42651295ca5415b.pdf
b24fdc7bb5b8319855135d93a8feafdb
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Zaytoun and Murman Family Photographs
Subject
The topic of the resource
Family business
Lebanese--United States
Military
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Ellis Zaytoun was born in Hammana, Lebanon on May 30, 1890. He immigrated to the United States in 1906 along with two of his brothers and by 1910 had moved to New Bern, North Carolina. Ellis began work as a peddler and dry goods clerk. In 1911, Ellis submitted an application for naturalization which was finalized in 1916. During this time, Ellis established himself as an integral member of the New Bern community. He volunteered for the local fire department and served as a member of the Syrian Brotherhood Society of New Bern, an early humanitarian group dedicated to providing aid to Lebanese, Syrians, and Armenians.</p>
<p>Ellis married Isabel DeKash in 1914, a fellow Lebanese immigrant from Hamana, Lebanon. Isabel and Ellis had six children who survived to adulthood: Evelyn Gladys Zaytoun Farris, Vivian Grace Zaytoun Salem, Constance Teresa Zaytoun Lamar, Joseph Ellis Zaytoun, Agnes Zaytoun Murman, and Henry Zaytoun. Ellis gradually expanded his business ventures from owning a fruit stand turned grocery to owning both a restaurant and a news agency. In 1940, Ellis was employed at John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company, and in 1957 he founded Zaytoun and Associates with his eldest son, Joseph.</p>
<p>During World War II Agnes Zaytoun worked at her father's newspaper stand in New Bern, North Carolina. During the war, she met her husband, Charles Murman, at a dance in Cherry Point. They married after the war and moved to Cleveland, Ohio. Agnes was an active member of St. Luke's Parish throughout her adult life. Agnes Zaytoun had six children: Michael Murman, Elaine Murman Ferguson, Evelyn Murman Quigley, David Murman, Ann Marie Murman Grove, and Maureen Murman.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>This collection primarily contains photographs collected by Agnes Zaytoun featuring her and members of the Zaytoun and Murman families.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
circa 1890s-2001
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Celine Shay, 2021-2022. Collection Guide content contributed by Celine Shay and updated by Allison Hall, 2021-2022 and 2023, December.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Agnes Zaytoun Estate
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0058
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/14">Joseph and Thelma Knuckley Zaytoun Papers</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Zaytoun002
Title
A name given to the resource
Portrait of Sitty Ramza Dekash and Family, 1890s
Subject
The topic of the resource
Photographs
Lebanese--United States
Description
An account of the resource
A copy of a portrait of the Dekash and Hatch family. The image includes Sitty Ramza, Aunt Habuba Roumain, Grandmother Mardshi, and Uncle Lewis Hatch. Portrait is dated around 1890s.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890s
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Zaytoun Family
Murman Family
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Families
portrait
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/b424639f0b93d8a0de0afe6ede60e269.pdf
1b7e0809273a95cfa2bd69f8f6fcfafa
PDF Text
Text
����
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Zaytoun and Murman Family Photographs
Subject
The topic of the resource
Family business
Lebanese--United States
Military
Photographs
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Ellis Zaytoun was born in Hammana, Lebanon on May 30, 1890. He immigrated to the United States in 1906 along with two of his brothers and by 1910 had moved to New Bern, North Carolina. Ellis began work as a peddler and dry goods clerk. In 1911, Ellis submitted an application for naturalization which was finalized in 1916. During this time, Ellis established himself as an integral member of the New Bern community. He volunteered for the local fire department and served as a member of the Syrian Brotherhood Society of New Bern, an early humanitarian group dedicated to providing aid to Lebanese, Syrians, and Armenians.</p>
<p>Ellis married Isabel DeKash in 1914, a fellow Lebanese immigrant from Hamana, Lebanon. Isabel and Ellis had six children who survived to adulthood: Evelyn Gladys Zaytoun Farris, Vivian Grace Zaytoun Salem, Constance Teresa Zaytoun Lamar, Joseph Ellis Zaytoun, Agnes Zaytoun Murman, and Henry Zaytoun. Ellis gradually expanded his business ventures from owning a fruit stand turned grocery to owning both a restaurant and a news agency. In 1940, Ellis was employed at John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company, and in 1957 he founded Zaytoun and Associates with his eldest son, Joseph.</p>
<p>During World War II Agnes Zaytoun worked at her father's newspaper stand in New Bern, North Carolina. During the war, she met her husband, Charles Murman, at a dance in Cherry Point. They married after the war and moved to Cleveland, Ohio. Agnes was an active member of St. Luke's Parish throughout her adult life. Agnes Zaytoun had six children: Michael Murman, Elaine Murman Ferguson, Evelyn Murman Quigley, David Murman, Ann Marie Murman Grove, and Maureen Murman.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>This collection primarily contains photographs collected by Agnes Zaytoun featuring her and members of the Zaytoun and Murman families.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
circa 1890s-2001
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Celine Shay, 2021-2022. Collection Guide content contributed by Celine Shay and updated by Allison Hall, 2021-2022 and 2023, December.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Agnes Zaytoun Estate
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0058
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/14">Joseph and Thelma Knuckley Zaytoun Papers</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Zaytoun001
Title
A name given to the resource
Portrait of Sitty Nasima and Zaytoun Family, 1890s
Subject
The topic of the resource
Photographs
Lebanese--United States
Description
An account of the resource
A copy of a portrait of the Zaytoun and Hatch family. The image includes John, Lewis, Fred, Kelly, Marie, Sitty Nasima, and Aunt Rose. This item also includes a letter from John and Idele to Agnes Zaytoun who made this print of the portrait. Portrait is dated around 1890s. The back of the portrait states "Received from John and Idele Zaytoun Nov. 9, 1987."
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890s
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Zaytoun Family
Murman Family
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Families
portrait
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/58adcd2bc5021148eb6c70e03a144d96.pdf
09b18412a9f4545cdae5544470a631f8
PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Beirut Consulate Post Records Collection
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
English
French
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Department of State; U.S. Consulate General, Beirut
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
National Archives and Records Administration
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
These materials are digital copies of an original resource held by another institution. The KCLDS Archive often works with other institutions to make digital materials available online to the public. KCLDS is not able to grant permission to use or reproduce these materials. The KCLDS Archive strongly encourages users to contact the holding institution for permission to use or reproduce materials from their holdings.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
National Archives Record Group 84 Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Beirut, Lebanon
Subject
The topic of the resource
Consulates
War Relief
World War, 1914-1918
Correspondence
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>The Beirut Consolate Post Records Collection represents a selection of records from the United States Consulate in Beirut. In 2016, the Khayrallah Center digitized these records at the National Archives in College Park, Maryland while conducting research. The center targeted records pertaining to the World War I era and money (remittances) sent from immigrants in the United States to relatives in Lebanon, as well as correspondence from this time period. The center also digitized lists and records of passport applications from 1859-1939. </p>
<br />
<p>During the period covered by these records, the US Consulate in Beirut handled minor diplomatic matters such as issuing passports and visas, and serving the needs of American citizens residing in its jurisdiction through correspondence, inquiries, and assisting migrants, and tourists. The vast majority of the consulate’s records on American citizens refer to missionaries and emigrants who had become naturalized American citizens but returned to the Levant or required the consulate’s aid in communicating with relatives who remained there. </p>
<br />
<p>The original records are housed at National Archives II in College Park, Maryland. To learn more about Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State, see the National Archives’ description of <a href="https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/084.html">Record Group 84</a>. </p>
<br />
<p>To access the Khayrallah Center's database of World War I Remittances created using these materials, <a href="https://lebanesestudies.ncsu.edu/explore/databases/remittances/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">see here</a>.</p>
<h4>Scope/Contents Note</h4>
<p>During the time period covered, the general jurisdiction of the Beirut Consulate included the cities of Beirut, Damascus, Sidon, Tyre, Haifa, Acre, Safad, Tripoli, Latakia, Homs, Aleppo, Zahle, and Aintab and the surrounding countryside in areas within modern-day Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, Palestine, and Southern Turkey among others. </p>
<br />
<p>The collection includes twenty-four books with records spanning the years 1859 to 1939. The bulk of the materials pertain to the years 1915 and 1916. </p>
<br /><strong>List of Record Books included in this collection</strong>: <br /><br />Volume 0008 -- Miscellaneous Record Book, 1915-1916* <br />Volume 0018 -- Miscellaneous Record Book, 1916-1917* <br />Volume 0163 -- Morgenthau Williams Payments 151-400, 1916 <br />Volume 0164 -- Morgenthau Williams Payments 401-700, 1916 <br />Volume 0166 -- Morgenthau Williams Payments 1322-1813, 1917 <br />Volume 0168 -- Relief Payments, 1915-1917 <br />Volume 0170 -- Relief Payments, 1915-1923 <br />Volume 0187 -- Correspondence 360-833, 1915 <br />Volume 0189 -- Correspondence 000-300, 1916<br />Volume 0190 -- Correspondence 310, 1916 <br />Volume 0191 -- Correspondence 320-851, 1916<br />Volume 0192 -- Correspondence 000-131, 1917 <br />Volume 0194 -- Correspondence 000-865.86, 1918<br />Volume 0195 -- Correspondence 133-330, 1919 <br />Volume 0198 -- Correspondence 130-300, 1920 <br />Volume 0214 -- Correspondence 130-131, 1922 <br />Volume 0235 -- Correspondence 130.7-320, 1925 <br />Volume 0428 -- Passports, 1921-1924 <br />Volume 0429 -- Passports, 1925-1932 <br />Volume 0430 -- Passports, 1933-1939 <br />Volume 0449 -- Passports, 1859-1920 <br />Volume 0450 -- New French Relief, 1914-1915 <br />Volume 0451 -- New French Relief, 1915-1916 <br />Volume 0452 -- New British Relief, 1915-1916<br /><br />*denotes a partial digitization of the book
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1859-1939
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Collection Guide written by Marjorie Stevens, 2016.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 October.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
GR 0005
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
This digital material is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Beirut_Consulate449_RG84_NARA_SM_Part2
Title
A name given to the resource
Beirut Consulate Record Book Vol. 449 Part 2
Description
An account of the resource
A bound volume containing emergency passport lists spanning from 1859 to 1920.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1859-1920
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
English
French
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Department of State
U.S. Consulate General, Beirut
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Beirut, Lebanon
Subject
The topic of the resource
Consulates
Passports
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
National Archives
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
National Archives Record Group 84 Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State
1860s
1870s
1880s
1890s
1900s
1910s
1920s
Beirut
Embassies
Passports
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/44e88caf15c66cba74ff2a955eb36cca.pdf
0ae2611f96941ef8bc154cfd49e7cdda
PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Beirut Consulate Post Records Collection
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
English
French
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Department of State; U.S. Consulate General, Beirut
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
National Archives and Records Administration
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
These materials are digital copies of an original resource held by another institution. The KCLDS Archive often works with other institutions to make digital materials available online to the public. KCLDS is not able to grant permission to use or reproduce these materials. The KCLDS Archive strongly encourages users to contact the holding institution for permission to use or reproduce materials from their holdings.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
National Archives Record Group 84 Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Beirut, Lebanon
Subject
The topic of the resource
Consulates
War Relief
World War, 1914-1918
Correspondence
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>The Beirut Consolate Post Records Collection represents a selection of records from the United States Consulate in Beirut. In 2016, the Khayrallah Center digitized these records at the National Archives in College Park, Maryland while conducting research. The center targeted records pertaining to the World War I era and money (remittances) sent from immigrants in the United States to relatives in Lebanon, as well as correspondence from this time period. The center also digitized lists and records of passport applications from 1859-1939. </p>
<br />
<p>During the period covered by these records, the US Consulate in Beirut handled minor diplomatic matters such as issuing passports and visas, and serving the needs of American citizens residing in its jurisdiction through correspondence, inquiries, and assisting migrants, and tourists. The vast majority of the consulate’s records on American citizens refer to missionaries and emigrants who had become naturalized American citizens but returned to the Levant or required the consulate’s aid in communicating with relatives who remained there. </p>
<br />
<p>The original records are housed at National Archives II in College Park, Maryland. To learn more about Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State, see the National Archives’ description of <a href="https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/084.html">Record Group 84</a>. </p>
<br />
<p>To access the Khayrallah Center's database of World War I Remittances created using these materials, <a href="https://lebanesestudies.ncsu.edu/explore/databases/remittances/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">see here</a>.</p>
<h4>Scope/Contents Note</h4>
<p>During the time period covered, the general jurisdiction of the Beirut Consulate included the cities of Beirut, Damascus, Sidon, Tyre, Haifa, Acre, Safad, Tripoli, Latakia, Homs, Aleppo, Zahle, and Aintab and the surrounding countryside in areas within modern-day Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, Palestine, and Southern Turkey among others. </p>
<br />
<p>The collection includes twenty-four books with records spanning the years 1859 to 1939. The bulk of the materials pertain to the years 1915 and 1916. </p>
<br /><strong>List of Record Books included in this collection</strong>: <br /><br />Volume 0008 -- Miscellaneous Record Book, 1915-1916* <br />Volume 0018 -- Miscellaneous Record Book, 1916-1917* <br />Volume 0163 -- Morgenthau Williams Payments 151-400, 1916 <br />Volume 0164 -- Morgenthau Williams Payments 401-700, 1916 <br />Volume 0166 -- Morgenthau Williams Payments 1322-1813, 1917 <br />Volume 0168 -- Relief Payments, 1915-1917 <br />Volume 0170 -- Relief Payments, 1915-1923 <br />Volume 0187 -- Correspondence 360-833, 1915 <br />Volume 0189 -- Correspondence 000-300, 1916<br />Volume 0190 -- Correspondence 310, 1916 <br />Volume 0191 -- Correspondence 320-851, 1916<br />Volume 0192 -- Correspondence 000-131, 1917 <br />Volume 0194 -- Correspondence 000-865.86, 1918<br />Volume 0195 -- Correspondence 133-330, 1919 <br />Volume 0198 -- Correspondence 130-300, 1920 <br />Volume 0214 -- Correspondence 130-131, 1922 <br />Volume 0235 -- Correspondence 130.7-320, 1925 <br />Volume 0428 -- Passports, 1921-1924 <br />Volume 0429 -- Passports, 1925-1932 <br />Volume 0430 -- Passports, 1933-1939 <br />Volume 0449 -- Passports, 1859-1920 <br />Volume 0450 -- New French Relief, 1914-1915 <br />Volume 0451 -- New French Relief, 1915-1916 <br />Volume 0452 -- New British Relief, 1915-1916<br /><br />*denotes a partial digitization of the book
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1859-1939
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Collection Guide written by Marjorie Stevens, 2016.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 October.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
GR 0005
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
This digital material is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Beirut_Consulate449_RG84_NARA_SM_Part1
Title
A name given to the resource
Beirut Consulate Record Book Vol. 449 Part 1
Description
An account of the resource
A bound volume containing emergency passport lists spanning from 1859 to 1920.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1859-1920
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
English
French
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Department of State
U.S. Consulate General, Beirut
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Beirut, Lebanon
Subject
The topic of the resource
Consulates
Passports
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
National Archives
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
National Archives Record Group 84 Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State
1860s
1870s
1880s
1890s
1900s
1910s
1920s
Beirut
Embassies
Passports
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/1c322451d4422a699dfe2cc51e731f9e.pdf
07669d3c6b39764f712b04230ef9b5c4
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emigration and immigration
Correspondence
Education
Legal Documents
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>In the first decades of the 20th century, Lawrence, Massachusetts was home to one of the largest populations of Syrian and Lebanese immigrants in the United States. These individuals were drawn to the industrial town to find work in its textile mills. The community in Lawrence created several charitable societies and was involved in the establishment of the St. Joseph's Melkite Church and St. Anthony's Maronite church. Additionally, the <span>Zahley Association published the Arabic-language newspaper <a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>al-Wafa</em></a> in Lawrence.<br /></span></p>
<p>The birth, school, and immigration records included in this collection were provided by children and their families in order to verify the ages of young immigrants. This was necessary in order for teenagers and young adults to prove they were old enough to work. Though nationwide laws regulating and restricting work for children 16 and under were not ratified in the United States until 1938, Massachusetts was the first state to create child labor laws in 1836. By the early 1900s, when many families settled in the booming mill town of Lawrence, various state legislation governed the ability of minors to work. Not only were children under 16 prohibited from working in factories, the state also issued fines to people who employed minors who were illiterate in English. This led to the growth of night schools and schools dedicated specifically to teaching immigrant children to speak, read, and write English. Thus, work permits were typically issued by schools. Once age and literacy were verified, teenagers would be issued a work permit. Whie it is unknown how many youth and factory owners circumvented these laws, these records indicate that many attempted to conform.</p>
<h4>Scope/Contents Note</h4>
<p>This collection contains materials housed at the <a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a> that were originally kept by the Oliver School. They were digitized and provided to the KCLDS Archive by archivist Louise Sandberg in fall 2017 as part of a research project into the substantial Syrian/Lebanese population that lived in Lawrence, Massachussetts. To view the project visit <a href="https://lebanesestudies.ncsu.edu/explore/projects/lawrence/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">"Legacies of Labor"</a> on the Khayrallah Center's website. </p>
<p>The Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials contains documents relating to the civic and religious activities of Syrio-Lebanese immigrants in Lawrence. It also includes birth, school, and immigration records for children and young adults who immigrated from Greater Syria (particularly the areas encompassing modern-day Lebanon and Syria) and lived in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in the early 20th century.</p>
<p>This collection displays the variety of records that Syrian and Lebanese immigrants used to prove their age. Because many did not have birth certificates, a large number of the proof of birth records consist of correspondences with clergy in Greater Syria, who consulted baptismal records to confirm age. Other records are from the process of immigration, and include documents from both Marseilles, France, and Ellis Island, New York. Some records were requested from officials or individuals in America, and consist both of missives from immigration officials and from private individuals.</p>
<p>The collection also includes records issued by schools, which verify age through years of schooling. Included among some of these school records are short documents handwritten by young immigrants to prove their literacy in English. In addition to records proving age, some individuals have additional documents including work permits and physician's certificates of health.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
These materials are digital copies of an original resource held by another institution. The KCLDS Archive often works with other institutions to make digital materials available online to the public. KCLDS is not able to grant permission to use or reproduce these materials. The KCLDS Archive strongly encourages users to contact the holding institution for permission to use or reproduce materials from their holdings.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="http://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62">Al-Wafa</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lawrence Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1910-1940
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
These records were digitized by the Khayrallah Center in collaboration with the Lawrence Public Library Special Collections.
Processed by Claire A. Kempa and Marjorie Stevens, 2017. Collection Guide written by Claire A. Kempa, 2017.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
French
Turkish
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
GR 0007
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
This digital material is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Oliver School, Lawrence, Massachusetts
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LPL_BRR_StepanianH001_wm
Title
A name given to the resource
Stepanian Certificate
Description
An account of the resource
An identification certificate in Turkish (Ottoman). Year of birth was 1896.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
undated
Language
A language of the resource
French
Subject
The topic of the resource
Legal Documents
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Lawrence Public Library Special Collections
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Identification Cards
Ottoman Empire
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/c2273b58b751e54dc327271945615501.pdf
9c7e97f98809e0f69b1c773a7b632d55
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emigration and immigration
Correspondence
Education
Legal Documents
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>In the first decades of the 20th century, Lawrence, Massachusetts was home to one of the largest populations of Syrian and Lebanese immigrants in the United States. These individuals were drawn to the industrial town to find work in its textile mills. The community in Lawrence created several charitable societies and was involved in the establishment of the St. Joseph's Melkite Church and St. Anthony's Maronite church. Additionally, the <span>Zahley Association published the Arabic-language newspaper <a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>al-Wafa</em></a> in Lawrence.<br /></span></p>
<p>The birth, school, and immigration records included in this collection were provided by children and their families in order to verify the ages of young immigrants. This was necessary in order for teenagers and young adults to prove they were old enough to work. Though nationwide laws regulating and restricting work for children 16 and under were not ratified in the United States until 1938, Massachusetts was the first state to create child labor laws in 1836. By the early 1900s, when many families settled in the booming mill town of Lawrence, various state legislation governed the ability of minors to work. Not only were children under 16 prohibited from working in factories, the state also issued fines to people who employed minors who were illiterate in English. This led to the growth of night schools and schools dedicated specifically to teaching immigrant children to speak, read, and write English. Thus, work permits were typically issued by schools. Once age and literacy were verified, teenagers would be issued a work permit. Whie it is unknown how many youth and factory owners circumvented these laws, these records indicate that many attempted to conform.</p>
<h4>Scope/Contents Note</h4>
<p>This collection contains materials housed at the <a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a> that were originally kept by the Oliver School. They were digitized and provided to the KCLDS Archive by archivist Louise Sandberg in fall 2017 as part of a research project into the substantial Syrian/Lebanese population that lived in Lawrence, Massachussetts. To view the project visit <a href="https://lebanesestudies.ncsu.edu/explore/projects/lawrence/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">"Legacies of Labor"</a> on the Khayrallah Center's website. </p>
<p>The Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials contains documents relating to the civic and religious activities of Syrio-Lebanese immigrants in Lawrence. It also includes birth, school, and immigration records for children and young adults who immigrated from Greater Syria (particularly the areas encompassing modern-day Lebanon and Syria) and lived in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in the early 20th century.</p>
<p>This collection displays the variety of records that Syrian and Lebanese immigrants used to prove their age. Because many did not have birth certificates, a large number of the proof of birth records consist of correspondences with clergy in Greater Syria, who consulted baptismal records to confirm age. Other records are from the process of immigration, and include documents from both Marseilles, France, and Ellis Island, New York. Some records were requested from officials or individuals in America, and consist both of missives from immigration officials and from private individuals.</p>
<p>The collection also includes records issued by schools, which verify age through years of schooling. Included among some of these school records are short documents handwritten by young immigrants to prove their literacy in English. In addition to records proving age, some individuals have additional documents including work permits and physician's certificates of health.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
These materials are digital copies of an original resource held by another institution. The KCLDS Archive often works with other institutions to make digital materials available online to the public. KCLDS is not able to grant permission to use or reproduce these materials. The KCLDS Archive strongly encourages users to contact the holding institution for permission to use or reproduce materials from their holdings.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="http://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62">Al-Wafa</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lawrence Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1910-1940
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
These records were digitized by the Khayrallah Center in collaboration with the Lawrence Public Library Special Collections.
Processed by Claire A. Kempa and Marjorie Stevens, 2017. Collection Guide written by Claire A. Kempa, 2017.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
French
Turkish
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
GR 0007
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
This digital material is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Oliver School, Lawrence, Massachusetts
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LPL_BRR_OhanianG001_wm
Title
A name given to the resource
O'Hanian Certificate
Description
An account of the resource
An identification certificate in Turkish. Lists year of birth as 1895.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
undated
Language
A language of the resource
Turkish
Subject
The topic of the resource
Legal Documents
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Lawrence Public Library Special Collections
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Identification Cards
Ottoman Empire
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/a904f2a866ba7d8526f729d88c64043a.pdf
aecf5b43c543ee7ca61e3847a7be7a54
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emigration and immigration
Correspondence
Education
Legal Documents
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>In the first decades of the 20th century, Lawrence, Massachusetts was home to one of the largest populations of Syrian and Lebanese immigrants in the United States. These individuals were drawn to the industrial town to find work in its textile mills. The community in Lawrence created several charitable societies and was involved in the establishment of the St. Joseph's Melkite Church and St. Anthony's Maronite church. Additionally, the <span>Zahley Association published the Arabic-language newspaper <a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>al-Wafa</em></a> in Lawrence.<br /></span></p>
<p>The birth, school, and immigration records included in this collection were provided by children and their families in order to verify the ages of young immigrants. This was necessary in order for teenagers and young adults to prove they were old enough to work. Though nationwide laws regulating and restricting work for children 16 and under were not ratified in the United States until 1938, Massachusetts was the first state to create child labor laws in 1836. By the early 1900s, when many families settled in the booming mill town of Lawrence, various state legislation governed the ability of minors to work. Not only were children under 16 prohibited from working in factories, the state also issued fines to people who employed minors who were illiterate in English. This led to the growth of night schools and schools dedicated specifically to teaching immigrant children to speak, read, and write English. Thus, work permits were typically issued by schools. Once age and literacy were verified, teenagers would be issued a work permit. Whie it is unknown how many youth and factory owners circumvented these laws, these records indicate that many attempted to conform.</p>
<h4>Scope/Contents Note</h4>
<p>This collection contains materials housed at the <a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a> that were originally kept by the Oliver School. They were digitized and provided to the KCLDS Archive by archivist Louise Sandberg in fall 2017 as part of a research project into the substantial Syrian/Lebanese population that lived in Lawrence, Massachussetts. To view the project visit <a href="https://lebanesestudies.ncsu.edu/explore/projects/lawrence/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">"Legacies of Labor"</a> on the Khayrallah Center's website. </p>
<p>The Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials contains documents relating to the civic and religious activities of Syrio-Lebanese immigrants in Lawrence. It also includes birth, school, and immigration records for children and young adults who immigrated from Greater Syria (particularly the areas encompassing modern-day Lebanon and Syria) and lived in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in the early 20th century.</p>
<p>This collection displays the variety of records that Syrian and Lebanese immigrants used to prove their age. Because many did not have birth certificates, a large number of the proof of birth records consist of correspondences with clergy in Greater Syria, who consulted baptismal records to confirm age. Other records are from the process of immigration, and include documents from both Marseilles, France, and Ellis Island, New York. Some records were requested from officials or individuals in America, and consist both of missives from immigration officials and from private individuals.</p>
<p>The collection also includes records issued by schools, which verify age through years of schooling. Included among some of these school records are short documents handwritten by young immigrants to prove their literacy in English. In addition to records proving age, some individuals have additional documents including work permits and physician's certificates of health.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
These materials are digital copies of an original resource held by another institution. The KCLDS Archive often works with other institutions to make digital materials available online to the public. KCLDS is not able to grant permission to use or reproduce these materials. The KCLDS Archive strongly encourages users to contact the holding institution for permission to use or reproduce materials from their holdings.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="http://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62">Al-Wafa</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lawrence Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1910-1940
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
These records were digitized by the Khayrallah Center in collaboration with the Lawrence Public Library Special Collections.
Processed by Claire A. Kempa and Marjorie Stevens, 2017. Collection Guide written by Claire A. Kempa, 2017.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
French
Turkish
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
GR 0007
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
This digital material is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Oliver School, Lawrence, Massachusetts
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LPL_BRR_OHanianAnnie001_wm
Title
A name given to the resource
Annie O'Hanian Certificate
Description
An account of the resource
An identification certificate in Turkish. Lists year of birth as 1897. An English notation at the bottom reads "Annie O Hannian born 7-April 1899."
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
undated
Language
A language of the resource
Turkish
Subject
The topic of the resource
Legal Documents
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Lawrence Public Library Special Collections
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Identification Cards
Ottoman Empire
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/944378ec518dd747197220dcaf781251.pdf
3891bd9e4729c474836b35db404265dd
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Text
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emigration and immigration
Correspondence
Education
Legal Documents
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>In the first decades of the 20th century, Lawrence, Massachusetts was home to one of the largest populations of Syrian and Lebanese immigrants in the United States. These individuals were drawn to the industrial town to find work in its textile mills. The community in Lawrence created several charitable societies and was involved in the establishment of the St. Joseph's Melkite Church and St. Anthony's Maronite church. Additionally, the <span>Zahley Association published the Arabic-language newspaper <a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>al-Wafa</em></a> in Lawrence.<br /></span></p>
<p>The birth, school, and immigration records included in this collection were provided by children and their families in order to verify the ages of young immigrants. This was necessary in order for teenagers and young adults to prove they were old enough to work. Though nationwide laws regulating and restricting work for children 16 and under were not ratified in the United States until 1938, Massachusetts was the first state to create child labor laws in 1836. By the early 1900s, when many families settled in the booming mill town of Lawrence, various state legislation governed the ability of minors to work. Not only were children under 16 prohibited from working in factories, the state also issued fines to people who employed minors who were illiterate in English. This led to the growth of night schools and schools dedicated specifically to teaching immigrant children to speak, read, and write English. Thus, work permits were typically issued by schools. Once age and literacy were verified, teenagers would be issued a work permit. Whie it is unknown how many youth and factory owners circumvented these laws, these records indicate that many attempted to conform.</p>
<h4>Scope/Contents Note</h4>
<p>This collection contains materials housed at the <a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a> that were originally kept by the Oliver School. They were digitized and provided to the KCLDS Archive by archivist Louise Sandberg in fall 2017 as part of a research project into the substantial Syrian/Lebanese population that lived in Lawrence, Massachussetts. To view the project visit <a href="https://lebanesestudies.ncsu.edu/explore/projects/lawrence/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">"Legacies of Labor"</a> on the Khayrallah Center's website. </p>
<p>The Collection of Lawrence Public Library Materials contains documents relating to the civic and religious activities of Syrio-Lebanese immigrants in Lawrence. It also includes birth, school, and immigration records for children and young adults who immigrated from Greater Syria (particularly the areas encompassing modern-day Lebanon and Syria) and lived in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in the early 20th century.</p>
<p>This collection displays the variety of records that Syrian and Lebanese immigrants used to prove their age. Because many did not have birth certificates, a large number of the proof of birth records consist of correspondences with clergy in Greater Syria, who consulted baptismal records to confirm age. Other records are from the process of immigration, and include documents from both Marseilles, France, and Ellis Island, New York. Some records were requested from officials or individuals in America, and consist both of missives from immigration officials and from private individuals.</p>
<p>The collection also includes records issued by schools, which verify age through years of schooling. Included among some of these school records are short documents handwritten by young immigrants to prove their literacy in English. In addition to records proving age, some individuals have additional documents including work permits and physician's certificates of health.</p>
Source
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<a href="https://queencityma.wordpress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lawrence Public Library Special Collections</a>
Publisher
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Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
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The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
These materials are digital copies of an original resource held by another institution. The KCLDS Archive often works with other institutions to make digital materials available online to the public. KCLDS is not able to grant permission to use or reproduce these materials. The KCLDS Archive strongly encourages users to contact the holding institution for permission to use or reproduce materials from their holdings.
Relation
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<a href="http://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/62">Al-Wafa</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lawrence Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1910-1940
Contributor
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These records were digitized by the Khayrallah Center in collaboration with the Lawrence Public Library Special Collections.
Processed by Claire A. Kempa and Marjorie Stevens, 2017. Collection Guide written by Claire A. Kempa, 2017.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 October.
Language
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English
Arabic
French
Turkish
Identifier
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GR 0007
Access Rights
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This digital material is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Oliver School, Lawrence, Massachusetts
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LPL_BRR_AounSeraf001_wm
Title
A name given to the resource
Teraf Aown Letter
Description
An account of the resource
This letter, handwritten in both Arabic and English, certifies Taraf's, son of Faris Aown, birthdate as July 21, 1896, and baptism on November 26, 1896. His hometown is listed as Saghbeen, Syria. It lists his father as Faris Nekowla Elias Aown and his mother as Handowme Samia Aown. His godfather is listed as Najem Aown and his godmother as Mrs. Beder Saigh.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
undated
Creator
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Clergy
Coverage
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Saghbine, Lebanon
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Correspondence
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Lawrence Public Library Special Collections
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Type
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Text
Format
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Text/pdf
Rights
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The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Baptisms
Births
Lebanon
Letter-Arabic
Letter-English
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https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/3b73a14701ebd6f4a4ed9396ded94aec.pdf
18cb919c3b952511d36a0de7a0f954aa
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Text
Vor.. XXXIX.-No. 2016.
NEW YORK. SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1895.
Copyright, 1895, by l·IARPKit & BtwTmms.
All Ui9l,f.9 /iP.,PMwl.
"TI-IE
APOSTLE."-Fnmr TIIE PAINTING BY REMBRANDT, EXJJIBTTED TN TITE CASSEL Musrr.u.,r, GmnrANY.
TEN CENTS A COPY.
FOUR DOLLARS A YEAR.
�('i'WEN'l'Y ·FOUR
PAGES.)
NEW YORK CITY, AUGUST 10, 1895.
TERMS : 1 0 CENTS A COPY.-$4 00 A YEAR, IN ADVANCE.
S1thsci·ipt;o11R nw.,l/ begin 1l'ith any 1V1tmber.
CONTENTS, NO. 20 I 6.
" 1'1rn APOSTLF.."
J,'rnm the \V11A1' nm TnurP E.1TS ANll
P,d11ti11 g by Rembrandt.
ElllTOll!ALS.
R. ;\I. I-liJNT. With Portrait.
T 1 1 r. Fo munN RLRMF.NT IN N F.w
York - Sy rinn Colon y. Il lns
t.rated. \V. Bcn goug li.
\Veurs.. Ill'd.
i11 g Club.
trn1 io11.
,:.::}:di it�!�;�
!,�$.
1
Donhle-p a ge Illns-
IG'101lANC>: AND K NOWI.F.DGE.
Poem. K C. S. J\'1.
On Fon OnrNA. lll'J. Kil'k
I-fi 8 FATlrn it'8 So,i. Sci';\ ������� A
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Jos.iah Fl y nt.
PoLO AT 1'1rn RocKAWAY l-11JNT-
N,1nno 1Y i\L l n trN.
Short
Story. I l l t1!?-t ratccl. Owen Hull.
}f 11 11roe.
no u1rn THF. \\Tonr.n wnn nm
THF. H A NGING OF' B,ID ToM A'J'rn11s
p ort:1tion
Co111mi�:.:i,111.
Smith.
Lrn: A�D LF.Tl'F.RS.
J l owells.
\V. D .
'j'n,,: HEr.F.NT UPHlSING OF THF.
B,mnock } 11(\ian:.:.
Jll ns.trnted.
A M e:n,cA's Y ,1 c11T1"n ,vr.r.i.:.
lllu�trnt.ed. H r,mblen Scar�. 1
So11tl1ern l11d i!1-M:tclra:--, H yde;·nhud. lll11strate<I.
Tms Rusv \Vom.o.
Marti11.
E. S.
AMATF.UR SronT. Polo Senrnn
o[ 1 S95. lll'd. N. Y. Yacht
Club Cruise. Etc. Caspar W.
W hitney.
DE MO C R ATIC JINGOISM.
llJE are i n f01·med that it is the i n tention of sev
l' l eral more or less i n fluen tial Democratic pol i
ticians to agi tate among t h e Democ1·at.ic masses i n
favor o f a " vigorous foreign pol icy, " t o b e direct
ed especially agai nst G1·eat B,,ita i n , with a view to
making that subject a prom i n en t feature of the
next Presiden tial campaign on the Democratic side.
An aggressi ve en fo1·cem ent of the MONROE doct1·ine
according to th e most exti·eme construction the1·e
of, as wel l as the building of a big navy and the an
nexation of the Hawai ian Isl a nds an d of whatever
else may be obtai nable in the way of " ou tposts "
and " keys, " is to form part of the p1·ograrnme.
We are far from applyi ng to the pol iticians en
gaged iu this scheme Dr. JOHNSON'S famous defi n i
tion that " patriotism is tile last refuge of scoun
d rels '' ; for a. J.arge p1·opo1·tion of them are, no
doubt, person s of honorable character. There are
also among them some with wl10m it is a matter
of sincere belief that Great Britai n w i l l surely get
control of the whol e of South America, as well as of
every desi i-able place el sewhere, u n l ess we prompt
ly ,meet her at every poi nt w ith charged bayo
nets, an d that Out' com mercial prosperity, i f 11ot
our very existence as an i n depen dent n ation , re
quires that we sl ,ould be able to m eet the stl'On gest
war fleet i n the wo1·ld, and that we shoul d !,ave a n
ou tpost wherever any other naval powe1· has one.
Senato1· MORGAN, of Al abama, whose brain is a
storehouse of as m uch 11onsense as was e ver
crowded i n to a narrow space, and who ] , as ma.p
aged to get on the wi·ong side of more public ques
tions than a n y other American prom inent in pub
l ic l ife, is a fai l' example of the honest bel iever.
But i n a multitude of cases it will be found that
there is at the bottom of the noisy voci feration of
the jingo neithe1· gen u i n e cou rage nor a sin cere
conviction as to tl , e necessity or the usefu l n ess of
the pol icies he ad vocates, but some obl iquity to be
concealed, or a lack of conviction as to those pu�
l i c questions w hich are u rgen tl y engaging the pu�
l i c mind an d demand practical solution, especial ly
questions upon wh ich there is so m uch d i ffe1·enc�
of popular opi nion that ambitious pol iticians look
i n g fol' votes al'e rathe1' i n clined to go chal'ily out
of their way, or to str11 ddle them for convenient
d ismou n t on eithe1· side. When such q uestions
al'e pressing to the foreground the pol itician with-·
out con victions 01· w i thout courage eagerl y turns
to some topic on wh ich he th inks he can indulgfl
i n he1·oic language and appear valorousl y, majesti
cally patriotic, an d be al ways sure to elicit the hu1·
rahs of the galleries wi thout any risk of losing
votes. It readi l y suggests itself to J , i m that in
endless variations of speech h e may " twist the
British lion's tai l " w ith impun i ty, that he may
h oist " ol d glory " all over the two Ame1·ican con
tinen ts and on all the desirable islands of the At
lantic and Pacific, an d condemn to everlasting i n
famy the wretch w h o " hauls down the stars and
stripes," an d so on. And wh i l e he thus makes the
American people u n derstand how h is " bl ood b�i l s "
at every exhibition o f the ' ' fo1·eign i nsolence " tli at
woul d bal k his countl'_y's progress i n th e l i n e of
its " man i fest desti n y, " he trusts tlJat the sim ple
minded public will not inquire whether beh i n d this
l eonine roar there is not a desire to hide some re
pulsive blem ish, or a quak iug fear of the sih -er
issue, or some other uncomfortable question de
manding from public 1ueu a n d from political par
ties an unequivocal answe1·.
Both parties have an abundance of men of this
moral calibre. On the Republ ican side tlie1·e is
tl1e add i tional motive of making party capital by
vii i fyi ng the conservative foreign policy of the
Democ1·atic ad ministration . In the Democ1'atic
camp the j i n go movement can n ot even pl ead such
an exc11se.· vVe have recently had an exhibition
of that m ovement which certai n l y did n ot lack i n
sign i ficance. I t took place o n the Fourth o f July
in Tammanv Hal l.
The assembled Tamma1 1 v
crowd was i n a blaze o f pat1·iotic emotion . I ts
" blood boiled " w i th rage at. British impudence,
and the thought of planti n g " old glo1·y " on evel'y
desirable spot on the globe rnade every 'l.' ammany
heart bubble over with enthu siasm . If the A meri
can people, especially the people of New Yo1·k,
woul d give the i r u nd i vided atte 1 1 tion to Bl'itish ag
gression i n South Ame1·ica and to the acqu isition of
the Hawaiian Islands, and mean while perm i t Tam
man y Hall to govern New York city, the Tammany
heart woul d doubtless be mo1·e patriotic than ever.
The enthusiastic outburst of the Fou 1·th of July oc
casion was called forth by ex-Gove1·11or CAMPBELL,
of Ohio, a statesman whose opinions on the practi
cal question� of tf1e day have been somewhat d i m
an d u n stable. At the d i nner with w h ich, aftel' the
last Presiden tial election , the Reform Cl ub of New
Yrn·k celebrated the victo1·y of reform, Mr. CAMP
BELL was the gen tl eman who ch i lled the audience
by gi ving it to understand that while 1;eform might
be a good th i ng, the post-offices would be a better
th i n g for the " boys. " The de velopment of h is
views on the monetary question has been some
what checkel'ed. Thel'e was a rumpr recently that
he was lean i n g towa1·d sou n d money, but bets on
that sco1·e are about even. At any rate, we risk
110thing i n saying that Mr. CAMPBELL wishes the
wol'l d would not ask him any questions about sil
ver ; and th us, being inspired w i th the am bition of
serving the 1·e public i n positions of power, he came
out fl.at-footrd against B1·i tish agg1·ession and fo1'
liis coun t1-y's growtl1 and glory. Whei·eupon some
body forth with nominated M1·. CA�'.lPBELL for the
Presidenc .ii, right then and the1·e i n Tam man y Hal l ,
amid- the boisterous acclaim o f a l l tl1 e 'l'ammany
braves.
This was Democratic jingoism i n fin e form . It
appears especi ;ctlly foolish, pol itical ly speaking, i n
view of two facts-that the Democrntic adm inistra
tion , the cred i t of which is al most the only poli tical
capi tal the Democratic party has, is particul arly dis
ti nguished by i ts w i se, con se1·vative, and faithful
con duct of our foreign affai1·s, and that the Ameri
can people are, on the whole, l 1 earti ly in favor of
th is com·se, and not at al l d isposed to rush head long
in to foreig11 e11 terprises of an adventurous char
acte1·. '!'he ad m i n istra_t ion has 01·ought matte1·s of
d iffe1·ence, for i n stance, tl1e Allietni;a trouble and
the MORA claim, to a successful a 1 1 d hono,·able issue
in so qu iet, gentlemanly, and u nfail ing a fashion
that the wild ji ngo ou tcries rai.'ed at fi rst 1 1 0w ap
pear to nave been extremely si qy ; and the people
leave to the same administration also the mai 1 1 ten
ance of our i n terests i n other respects, with ful l
con fidence Jhat, i f any real difficulty occurs, they
will be d ul y advised. 'l.'hey do not bel ieve in hastil y
transfer1·ipg busi ness requiring del icate treatment
from the State Department to t11e stum p. All that
the Democratic jingoes, Mr. CAMPBELL with hi s
Presiden tial " boom " incl uded, can hope to accom
pl ish is to fumish some encouragement to Republi
can spouters in the same l i ne.
THE BRITISH ELECTIONS.
THE complete overth row of the Liberals i n tl , e
recent British elections is not a su1'prise. It had
been anticipated by nearly every on!e wJw is famil
iar with the recent h istory of Bl'itish politics. It
is a surprise, however, that the overthrow i s o ver
w hel ming. It was supposed that the Tories would
l 1 ave the largest n umber of membel's of the House
of Com mons, but it was not generally believed that•
they would be independent of all assistance. A s it
is, however, the Tories, even without the votes of'
M r. CHAMBERLAIN'S Liberal Unionists, have a large
majority, and p 1·obabl y fo1· several years to come
w i l l be able to embody their policy in the laws of
Great Britain, i f, i ndeed, they can succeed in for
m ulating any policy. Aft.er the defeat of M r.
GLADSTONE'S home-rule b i l l in 1886, the electors re
turned 316 Conservati\•es an d 78 Liberal Un ion ists,
again st 191 Liberals and 85 Home-Rulers. No w
the list stands : 341 To1·ies, 70 Li beral Un ion ists,
174 Liberals, 70 McCarthyites, and 13 Parnel l ites.
It is not easy to determi n e the relati ve value of
the various causes that brought about this defeat of
British Liberalism. The main issue i nsisted upon
74-±
by the Tories an d thei r Libem1 Unionist al lies wai!l
that of home-l'Ule. The SALISBURY ue wspapers and
orators divided the conten ding electors a nd candi
dates i n to two parties, call ing the members of one
party Unionists, and the members of tl 1e othe1· Sepa
ratists. W h i le the Irish constituencies show that
they are as stroug as ever i n favor of a change of
govern ment that .shall g i ve them the m:ma.gernent
of their own affairs, it is evident that thei i- cause
l1 as lost in the re t of the kingdom. Tliis is pa1·t
ly cl ue to the dissensions amoug th e Irish and part
ly ·to the fact that the Engl ish are tired of tlie
monopoly that th e frish have enjoyed of the pro
ceed i 11gs of the House of Commons.
Home-nile was the question of prime impor
tance with Mr. GLADSTONE, a nd fol lowing i t., re
su ! ti n g from the action of the peers 011 the home
rule bill, was the question of mending or endiug
the House of Lords. After Mr. GLADSTONE retired
from the Prem iersh ip, these and all other issues
langu ish ed. Lord ROSEBERY'S since1·i ty was not
only doubled by the home-rul ers, but by the Scotch
and \¥elsh members, who are .eager for disestab
l ishmen t ; by the l abor party, whose l eade1·s desired
the te1·ms of the Newcastle program me to be car
ried out ; a nd by the Radicals, of whom Mr. LABOU
CHERE is the lead ing spirit. If Mr. GLADSTONE had
led liis pa1·ty to the polls im med iatel y after the
House of Lo1·ds had thrown ou t the h ome-rule bill ,
the result m ight have been a Liberal triumph ; i t
certaiu l y w o n l d n ot h ave been a rout. Lo1·d ROSE
BERY has been both weak and u n fortu n ate. He
offen ded the Irish in h i s first speech on a Q ueen's
add 1·ess. His Ind ian government ali enated La11 ca
shire Liberal s by imposing a duty on their cottons.
Sir WILLIAM HARCOURT drove so man v brewers
i nto opposition by h is advocacy of the local veto
bill that he lost h is own seat in Derby. The Pre
m ier n ever ingratiated himsel f with the labor lead
ers by taking h imself, or them , or publ ic questions,
se,·iously. It is a tradition that a statesma n g-ai 1 1 s
popularity by wim1 ing t h e Derby. But t l i i s must
be a mistake that has come dow11 from an ea1·l ie1·
time. Ce1·tai1 1 l y, d u ring the campaign, Mr. BAL
FOUR thought it w i se to declare that he did 1 1 ot
k now as much about horse-racing as Lord ROSE
BERY did. It may be that in jocularity and l ight
ness of touch Lord ROSEBERY does not surpass
PALMERSTON ; but l 1 ere again the n eed of the J1out'
m ust be d i fferent. PALMERSTON had a party at l1is
back-an old-fashioned English party-a n d ROSE
BERY had a strange col lection of groups, among
whom were sober - mi n ded disse11 ters, determined
labor 1·eforrners, i nflamed and quarrelling home rulers, and men who hated a l ord . As he went on
lie became more a1td more estranged from somfl of
his fol lowing. The labor party threate1 1 ed to
J , el p defeat l1im, and did their utmost to ma;rn good
their word by putting th irty candidates in the field.
The home-rulers were angry because he refused td
gi ve them another opportun i ty. But, most of all,
the coun try was disgusted with a gover11ment and
a party without a defi n i te programme and without
fighti n g quality. Lord ROSEBERY had said tl1at
the House of Lords m ust be refo1·med, and even �lie
Tories agreed in the general proposition. Mr. GLAD:
S'f ONE and Mr. ASQUITH announced that tl 1 e Yelo
power of the Lords and home-rule must constitu t e
the great issues o f the campaign, but tl 1 e Pl'en i ier
n evel' annou nced his plan of reform. Wl1en, afte1:
m uch delay and d 1·ifti n g, the appeal was fi iin lly
made to the country, the Liberal party found it self
without a programme an d without an organ ization.
'l.' he old leader ·w hose voice and presence wei·e es
sential to the union a11d harmony of the groups,
and whose large faith i n the people and v igorous
cham pionship of h is cause i n spi 1·ed the hearts of
h is fol lowers with courage and enth usiasm, was in
retireme11t. Thel'e was no one to lead, and there
was no assu 1·ance felt that a Liberal victory woul d
b e followed QY a n earnest effort t o secure the
reforms which l\fr. GLADSTONE'S success in 1 892
seemed to promise.
And so tbe Tol'ies come back because the Libel'al
task has been i n too weak i'1ands. What will the
'l.'01·ies do for Great Britain ? Abroad there w i l l
b e felt, perhaps, t h e j ingoism of Lord SALISBURY.
At home, what can be done? Mr. CHAMBERLAIN
has h i nted that as Secretary of the Colon ies he
will try to i u duce the colonies to grant freer trade,
and to enter upon larger commercial relations with
the mother - coun t1·y. Ile h as also promised the
canying out of a social programme-better dwell
i ng-s for the laborer, a bet.tel' empl oyer's 1 iab ility
bi ll than that which the Lords ruined for the Lib
erals, better pl'ovi sions for the u n employed, and
old - age pensions. But Mr . CHAMBERLAIN is not
110w necessary to Lord SALISBURY, and it l1as thus
fa.I' been impossible to pin the Tory leader down to
any defi nite plan for the accomplishment of any
one of these objects. It is easier to say what will
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
'
.
.
.
not be done by the new government than what will
be d9ne. It is certain that Ireland will be obliged
to wait for home-rule, if, indeed, the abandonment
of PARNELL'S policy has not defin itely p1·evented
her from obtaining anything like the form of self
governm e n t that seemed almost within l1e1· g1·asp
when Mr. GLADSTONE l ast became Premier. The
Welsh and Scotch churches will not be d isestab
l i shed. There may be some charity legislation, but
none that w i l l carry a larger gift of h u man rights.
Whatever happens, the B1·itish Empire is not like
ly to go definitely backward, nor are the British
people likely to permit the pe1·manent abandon
ment of the great reforms for which they have de
clared themselves in former electious. A party
that has only old-age pensions and model cottages
to suggest, not even to prom i se, as an affirmati ve
policy is n ot l i ke l y to satisfy a people who real ly
b.e l i e ve that churches should be s u pported by the
vol u n tary con tributions of those who desi re their
teachi ngs, and not by taxes taken from those who
desire the teacl 1 i 11gs of some other c h u rc h ; who are
fo1· the mai n tenance and extension of the common
school s ; who are opposed to archaic land laws ;
wl10 know that, directly or indirectly, the Liberal
party has compelled all the refo1·ms that have been
i n corporated into the British constitution dudng
t h e presen t reign. T h e people of England i tself
a1·e not Tories. . They want the power of t h e peo
ple e nlarged, and, whether they want a Parliamen t
i n D ublin or not, th e y are doubtless in favor of a
better government for Ireland, and increased sel f
gove r n ment for the Irish. The House of Lords
seems to have obtained a verdict, and few w h o
real l y appreciate th e admirable features of the
Bri tish government will regret that the second
chamber is not to be destroyed. Mr. BALFOUR said
in one of his campaign speeches that his country
was the onl v o n e so fortunate as to have an u n
written con;titution - a constitution that may be
changed by a simple act of Parliament. The pos
session of such a constitution may not turn out
to be so fortunate in the growing democ1·acy, mi
less the Lords conti n u e to e x i st as a real check
u pon the sudden excitements of a popular assembl y.
There i s no S upreme Court in Gt·eat B1·itain with
power to declare acts of Parliament u nconstitu
tional, and the Lords alone can perform a function
similar to that perfo1·med by our h ighest court.
'l.' he House of Lords may be reformed , but so long
as wisdom rules i n British politics the second cham
ber, conservative and subject to slo w changes, will
remain.
BISHOP POTTER'S . MISSION.
BrsHOP POTTER of this city has been spending a month
of sum mer in regular mission-work. He has left his epis
copal residence for the Stanton Street Mission, recently
transferred from St. George's Church to the cathedral,
and taken upon !Jimsel f the ordinary duties of the minis
ter in charge, who is away on his vacation.
The real significance of this summer residence of the
bishop lies in the indication given by it of a new policy to
be pursued by the Church in its efforts to reach with its
best influences the great crowd of people who fill the shops,
manu factories, and tenement-houses of our great cities.
. Hitherto this has been looked upon as a special branch
of the general work of the Church. Missions have been
established, supported by special contributions, and men
nnd women, often of great ability and h igh character,
have given their lives to it with little less of personal sac
rifice than those who have gone to Asia or Africa. Much
good has been done, but even the most enthusiastic have
been forced to acknowledge that the great majority of
these people have remained untouched by any influence
from the Church. Some have become discouraged, nil()
said that there is no use in trying to help people who do
not want to be helped. Others have watched the success
of the Salvation Army, the University Settlement, an'cl
the Homan Catholic Church, and queried whet,her ti{e
Protestant Church might not learn a lesson. The success
of these organizations has been due chiefly to two thirtgs_ .
-accurate knowledge on the part of the leaders of the
facts they were dealing with, and their ability to make
the poorest feel that in the view of the leaders they are
jnst as essential and important an element in the commu
n ity as the richest. There is little use in telling a work
ing-man that his soul is as val uable as that of his employ
er, when he sees all the efforts of the best brains and the
most complete organization put forth to save the latter,
while he has to put up with a delegated interest.
Bishop POTTER'S experiment has met both of these
needs. Coming into the families on the East Side, not as
a superintendent or occasional visitor, but as a pastor and
friend, he has reached the hearts of the people, and given
them a great impulse upward. The parents whose chil
dren he has bapti,1ed, the sick who have heard his words
of sympathy, the tempted who have received his counsel
anti help, the workers who have had his encouragement,
w i l l all feel very differently in the future toward the mag
nificent cathedral and even toward the different churches.
Their personal manhood and womanhood have been recog
nizecl. But the advantage is not all on their side. Dr.
PAJtKHURST's first lesson in his experience with the police preted as jn$tice and reason demand in all ca.�es where
was ' ' not to go 1s11nni11g with blank cartrirlges." After . power is exerted by the. strong over those to whom are
his first evening's session w i t h St. Andrew's Brotherhood due its care arid protection. The inequality between the
at the mission, Bisbop Po'l''l'Elt said that he had learned parties is to be made good by the superior j ustice which
more than he could in six months uptown. He has un looks only to the substance of the right. "
If this rule is followed, the Indian-slayers at Jacksons
doubtedly learned m uch more siuce then, and the result
canuot but be apparent in the fut ure plans and efforts of Hole may not fa.re very well.
his Church. If others, not merely in the Protestant Epis
copal, but in other denominations, would follow bis ex
ample, it would not be long that we should hear the cry
NAVA L MA NCEUVRES.
t.hat the churches do not reach " the masses. "
IT has once more been decided that there shall be squad
ron clrill for the new war-ships. Every one who believes
that so much of a navy as we need and possess ought to
THE BANNOCK AFFAIR.
be as efficient as possible must have rejoiced at this news,
TnERE lrns been another " Inclian uprising " in the North and must have hoped that no sinister influence would in
west. lt cannot become a serious trouble, except perhaps tervene' to brellk up Admiral BUNCE's fleet between the
to the whites who dwell at Jacksons Hole and its imme issue of the order and the time to cArry it into effect.
diate viciuit.y , for the Bannocks are not n umerous. There :i\fore t han this, it is to be hoped that t his same sinister in
are in Idaho, all told, accord ing to the census of 1890, fluence, which has hitherto exercised such undue anrl dam
4062 Indians. Of these, 1493 Bannocks and Shoshones aging powei in the Navy Department, ·w ill not be per
are nt Fort Hall Agency, and 432 Banuocks, Shoshones, mitted to break up the fleet before the arlmiral !ms hncl
and Sheepeat.ersare at Lemhi Agency. These Iudians, how time to · gi ve the officers snch a drill as will make them
ever, have iutermarried until they are now counted as a thoronghly fan1iliar with the capacity of their ships and
single tribe. There are about 1800 Indians in Wyoming with ' fleet movements.
lt is· a str!inge bit of ill luck for the new navy that the
at the Wiml River Agency. They are Shoshones and
Arnpahoes. Of all t he Indians on the three reservations ambltibus, active, ancl ent erprising officers have' thus far
named there are about 1850 ma.Jes, counting men and boys. been prevented from completely carrying ont the designs
So it will be seen t hat a serious war is not likely to be they have formed for the pmpose of making the ships aud
,their pe1-sonnel as effecti ve as possible. Admiral WALKF.it
maintained by the Indians.
It is a pleasant duty to chronicle the fact that the govern was permitted to make a short cruise to Europe and back
ment is not directly responsible for this Indian outbreak. with what was known as the " White Sqnndron . " The
Nearly al ways it is a breach of faith on the part of an work accomplished on that cruise, interrnpted by detach
Indian agent, a violation of a treaty obligation, a failure ment of ships as it was. was notable. The officers who
to furnish blankets or food or money, a lax discipline enjoyed the opportunity afforded by that voyage cam e
that permits the neighboring whites to intrude upon the back with a practical knowledge o f squadron movement.
Ind inns and to commit outrages upon them, t hat i"esult in -But the,vessels composing that famous squnrlron are now
war and murder. This time, indeed, it may be tbat the olcl, and the flag-ship Chicago is la.id up at the Brookly n
agents of the Federal government were lax in the dis Navy-yard awaiting the new machinery that i s essent ial i f
charge of their duty as protectors of the Indian�, but she i s t o b e counted as a modern ship o f war.
Since the " W hite Squadron " was broken up there has
there is 110 evidence tlrnt this was the case, and certainly
Agent Ti;;TER has shown a marked sy mpathy with his been no sqmidron drill of great value, although the unfor
unfortunate wards, and has even incurred the hostility of tunate Admiral MEADE did his best in the few w eeks dur
ing which he was in command of the North Atlantic
the white settlers by the reports which he has made.
The tro11ble arose directly from a gross wrong perpe Squadron. There was an excellent opportunity after the
trated upon the Indians by the whites. The Indians are naval review in 1893, when there was in New York I·far
charged with violating the 'iVyoming game laws. These hor as fine n fleet a.s the navy could show. It was tl1en
laws were made for a good purpose. Their intention is that Admiral WALKER'S squadron should have been in
to aid the Uuited States in maintaining t.lie game-preserve creased by the addition of a few really modern ships, ancl
of the Yellowstone Pnrk. A large numher of the settlers he should have been permitted to do what it is hoped
in the neighborhoocl of the park=-and it _is from this local that Admiral BUNCE may be left to carry out in w hat are
ity that the complaints and'''the exaggerated accounts of called the naval manamvres of the North At.lantic Squ�l
the Indian out break came-a.re themselves poachers. 'fhe ron.
The value of these manceuvres cannot be overestimated .
laws were made to protect the park and its animals from
their in vasion. It is perfect ly natural that we should They are as essential to the navy as battalion drill is to
have the loncles� outcries from the poachers, ancl · there is · the army; and it is only fair to say that· Secretary HERBEH'l'
enough substance in t,he suspicion that some of the whites has always been i n favor of keeping at least one squadron
would be glad of a war to be rid of their Indian neigh of the new ships in existence for the purposes of d rill. It
bors, to induce the government to go slowly and fairly i11 is to be hoped t hat this summer he will be able to carry
out his ciesign, 1-1md that no sudden emergency in t he West
putting clown the " uprising. "
The difficulty is that these Indians have certain rights Indies or South America., or that no new and untimely de
to hunt which are su pposed to conflict with the State sign in the rnin�l of the head of the Bureau of Navigat ion,
laws. These rights nre granted or defined under a treaty will lead to the breaking up <,f the fleet.. If all goes wel l,
hetween the tribe and the United States, and Governor it may be that· the natives 1111d summer visit.ors along the
RcQ.HARDS of Wyoming believes that in a conflict be New England c_oast w ill see not only the largest squadron
tween the law of a State and a treaty made by t h e United of Ame1:ican rnorlern ships ever gathered together, but
States, w ith in t he territorial j urisdiction of the State, the eit!Jer the Mciine or the Texas, or both, the first of our
treaty must give way. This may be so. Still the United completed bat�le- ships that approach modernity.
States government is granted hy the Constitution the
right to make treaties with the Indian tribes, and the
tribes arc under the protection of the general government..
AN A M E R IC A
'l' RAI'l'.
If a treaty is made with n tribe dwell ing within a Terri
tory, do the laws of the Territ ory or does the treaty pre
vVnEN Mr. E. S. MARTIN, in his comments on " This
vail? If, after such a treaty is made, the Tenitory be Bnsy World, " described with accuracy that intensity of
comes a State, does or does not the State succeed to the energy and excess of zeal which overtrained the Cornell
crew and led to their inglorious defeat, he pointed clearly
obligations of t he UDited States?
These are serious questions which the settlers in or to a t rait of American character which must be estimated
about .Jacksons Hole answered by shooting Indians who and unclerstood by any one who undertakes to set forth
were trying to escape from what they supposed was illegal the existing conditions of American life and developmen t .
anest. We hope it is true that the t roops will remain long A s M:r. MARTIN truthfully snys : " It has been said of poli
enough in the vicinity of the crime to see that substantial tics in t his .country ·that it is war. In the intensity of
j ustice is done. lt may be that the Indians committed business competition there seems to be a growing senti
an offence against the laws of Wyoming. It mny be that ment t hat bnsiness is war." This merely means that the
they were within the law by depending upon rights wh iclr American pushes every princi ple to its ultimate logical
they supposed had been granted to them by the United conclusion, but this is one of the key-notes of American
States. In whatever way this issue may be settled, there character.
was no excuse for shooting the Indians. On the contrary,
It may be a goocl trait or a bad one, but it is essent ially
as the constable who ordered the shooting admits, the ancl excl usively an American trait. It is probably the out
murder was deliberate, and without any excuse what come of those conditions of freedom under which we strug
ever. The w hites, then, seem to have been guilty of the gle and conquer or fall, but it exists in no other country.
gravest crime, no matter w hat may be the judgment In this country alone has the principle of business compe
against the Indians.
tition been pushed to its utmost. Then, when the limit of
It is a case in which the honor of the g•wernment ap competition has been reached, a struggle equally fierce has
pears to be nt stake, although no government official developed the principle of combination, and pools, and
stirred up the Indians. Vve have few Indians who are trusts, and syndicAtes, and traffic agreernents have shifted
bostilely inclined, and we ought to be able for once to do the scene ·and scale and scope of the contest.
exact and thorough justice. Incleecl, we ought at Inst to he
This pi-inciple extends alike to great
. things and to small
able to follow out the law ns it was laid down by Justice ones. We play the game for all the re is in it, whether the
M ATTHEWS, speaking for the Supreme Court in 1886, in game he politics or poker, railroad management or college
the case of the Choctaw Nation vs. the United States. This athletics. It may wear ns out, but it does not let us rust
is the principle the court laid down-a principle to which, out. It mny intetfere w it h onr growth in sweetness ancl
to our shame be it said, we have paid little heed : " The light, but it is not a trait of weaklings and decadents.
relations between the United Stntes and the different Ai.Jove all it is evolution, the development of natural
tribes being those of a superior towards inferiors who are causes lying clown deep at the roots of our national life.
under its care and control, its acts touching them and its It is a movement we have entered on, to which we are
promises to them in the execution of its own policy, and fully committed, and which we could not check if we
in the furtherance of its own interests, are to be inter- would.
:nrn
745
J
..
�HAH PER;S WEEKLY
charge of this first American congrega
tion.
Other sects represented in t he colony
are the Roman Catllolic, Greek, and Pro•
THE SYRIAN COLOKY.
t cstaut ; and the regularly establisl,ed
THOSE natives of Syria who have for
ch urches in· the city, such as old Trinity,
saken the historic land of their birth aml
and Barclay Street Catholic, and the Greek
transferred their abode to the prosaic sur
church of the Russians are variously at
·
rou udings of Washington Street form . but
tended.
a small colony when compared with the
One newspaper, called The Sta1· of A1ne1·
other three great foreign settlements.
ica, is published in Syrian characters, u nd
They number in all only about one thou
furnishes the news and gossip for the
sand, and occupy less than a block on one
colony. The editor is a man of superior
side of Washington Street, near the Bat
intelligence, who is .k ept exceedingly busy
tery. There are some others-about thirty
between his dual duties as newspaper edi
families - who live in Brooklyn, and a
tor and immigration commissioner.
large n umber of brickmakers who find
On a bright summer Sunday, when the
work in the brick - yards of the upper
people gather for clmrch and sociability,
Hudson.
the street presents its liveliest aspect.
The M0unt of Lebanon and the coast of
There is a queer mingling of American
and Syrian costumes. Some of the pros
Syria are the localities from which, as a
perous young women are arrayed i n all the
rule, they have emigrated ; and they lrn,ve
gladly left behind the land of the 'l'urk
glory of the latest picture-hats and most
and sacred history for the less poetic en
startling costumes of colors, putting off
the old and taking on the new with such a
vironments of soap factories and dingy
vigor that there is no doubt at all about
warehouses, among ancl in wh ich they l ive
their American aspirations; others, less am
and move and have their first sensations
bitious and less prosperous, still wear their
of American citizenship.
picturesque lace or colored head-dress, con
The Syrians follow various trades and
spicuous jewelry, and pointed, upturned
occupations, many of them · being skilled
shoes; the men cling very generally to the
workmen in silk, needle, and other indus
red fez, and occasionally a fur cap or a
tries ; cigarette-making is also a favorite
gorgeously colored sash is seen.
tr:ide, while the more u nskilled or ill iterate
take to peddling. 'l'here are some import
The· Turkish water-pipe is a conspicu
ous feature and a universal household arti
ers of Syrian goods who are quite prosper
cle, the members of the family keeping
ous, while tlie colony itself supports sev
eral native restaurants and shops. The
it alight as they follow one another with a
whiff of the fragrant weed.
peddlers in the city are generally women,
The restaurants along the street serve ::is
who sell . Eastern trinkets and jewelry at
social gathering - places, where games of
basement doors.
cards or chess are generally in progress ;
These women are usually decorated in
meals are served in Eastern style, the cook
the Syrian style with tattooed ornaments,
ing being altogether strange to American
sometimes covering broad surfaces of the
tastes ; the bread is in the form of llut
body, and on the backs of the h ands ; it
cakes, like Scotch " scones."
is seldom, however, that the Syrians of tbe
The waiter sociably joins t he groups
colony are found w ith the face tattooings
between courses, puffing meditntively at
w hich are so fashionable among the Bed
the 11earest water-pipe, while the woman
ouin women, who mark their faces and
cook sits on the floor at the door of her
lips until the whole aspect of the mouth
kitchen taking her ease and her whiff
is changed to a chilled bluish tint. 'l'hose
of cool smoke, calmly waiting for the
among them who are ambitious to become
next order. Some of the cooking opera
thoroughly Americanized are ashamed of
tions are carried on in the open air, such as
these evidences of their foreign birth, and
roasting corn· on a fire-pail.
try in vain to remove the marks. They
'l'he children of some of these people
have come here to be Amencans, am! to
are very beautiful, with large black eyes
leave all the restrictions and superstitions
RICHARD M. HUNT.-Drnn JULY 31, 1 895.-[Si,;E l'AGE 749:·)
and dark skin, and regular clear-cut fea
of their older civilization behind. And their
t ures. They are bright alld intelligent,
sense of freedom here is probably more
being well up in their school studies, and
acute than that of any of the other nationalities, because they have come out from under the Turk divided into four distinct religious sects. the most dis acting as interpreters for their elders, joining the youngest
ish yoke; for while these people from the coast of Syria tinctive being the Syro-Chaldean Church of the Maronitcs, and the oldest civilizations with all their unconscious
are to a great extent under the protection of the Christian w hich worships in an upper loft of one of the old w�rc grace uud power, Ulld thus, in the gradual evolution of
powers, still they are happy to be away from any possible l1011ses, where an altar and confessional have been cheaply a nation from the scattered part.icles of many nations,
trouble which might be brought upon them by their Mo constructed, and the service is cond ucted in their own , on to the great universal whole, " a little child shall lead
hammedan rulers. Although the colony is Cllristian, it is tongue by Father KcJrkemay, who was sent out to take them."
'l'IiE FORE!GN E LEM.EN'!' IN
NEW YORK.
THE FOREIGN ELEMENT IN NE'IV YORK-THE SYRIAN COLONY, WASHINGTON STREET.-DnAwN ny W. BENG0UGII.
746
�HI S
F AT H E R'S
S O N .*
B Y B R A N D E R M A T T H E W S,
AUTHOR OF " VIGNETTES OF 'M ANHATTAN,'' 11 A STORY OF A STORY AND OTHF.R STORIES, " " STUDIES OF THE STAGE," '' AMERICANISMS AND BRITICISI'\.IS," ETC,
T
VIII.
HE processes of moral disintegration are slow,
and for weeks Winslow Pierce did not dis
cover that his morality, always a little arid,
was crumbling into ashes. Although there
was no external chan ge, the internal structure
was shattered and no longer able to resist a strain. From
the hour of his father's defence of t he buying and selling
of the Ramapo Pottery, Winslow found himself tak ing
views of life very different from those he had held before.
He did not hear the call of duty so often, and he was more
willing to disregard it when he did . . He had a keener
appreciation of the pleasures of the world and a sharper
relish for them.
The first outward sign of his changed condition was in
the i ncreasing attention he begah to pay to his attire.
He had been a little careless about his clothes, buying
them ready-made and wearing them after their freshness
was gone. Now he found
out a fashionable . tailor,
.and bloomed forth rapidly
as a dandy. He had Mary
go to the most expensive
dressmaker in New York,
and he ordered for her an
outfit for the winter very
different from the modest
wardrobe which was hers
when she married. She
told him that she d id not
need the things, that she
had plenty, that it was
foolish to lluy them ; but
when he insisted, she wore
them w ith the frank en
joyment of youth. The
first walk they took togeth
er on Sunday afternoon up
Fifth Avenue after they
had received their new
clothes was delightful to
both alike,although Mary's
p leasure was a little marred
by tl1e doubt whether it
was not wrong to think so
much of mere apparel.
" It is nice to be rich,
isn't it?" asked W inslow,
pressing his wife's arm
closer to his side as they
passed one of the splendid
11ew hoLels. arnl saw two
men who were l u nching i n
a window lean forward to
look at them.
" I suppose so," lVIary
answered. " But I don't
believe it can be right to
spend so much on clothes
when there are poor peo
ple h ungry."
" You gave work to the
poor people making that
handsome dress yon have
on, clirln't you?'.' he return
ed. '' And doing good that
way has brought. you luck.
I've never seen you look
prettier, Mary, than you do
in those clothes."
" Oh, ·w inslow !" she
said, flushing with plea
sure.
" I don't wonder," he
went on, " that those men
in the restaurant turned
round to look at you. I
know I'd do it if you
weren't my wife."
" If I w asn't your wife,"
she retorted, " I hope you
wouldn't look at me· that
way. It would be horrid."
" I tell you what, Mary, "
he said, suddenly, " we
must go and diue at a
restaurant some night.
You've never been to Del
monico's, have you ?"
" Never," she answered.
" And I'd love to."
" Well, " he responded,
" the first time father and
mother dine out-but then
they hardly ever dq dine
out, except with Doctor
Thurston. Still, he's sure
to ask them some time this
fall, and then we'll go on a
spree. " ·
Mary did not quite like this way of putting the pro
posed dinner, but she said nothing.
" I go to the Delmonico's near our office for lunch
every clay now," her husband continued. " I meet lots
of nice fellows there. One of them used to be in college
with me-Ryder . Do you remember Ryder? He was
an '89 man."
Mary thought she did remember h im vaguely.
'' There :isn't much for me to do at the office yet," said
Winslow, " and I don't know when there ever will be, ·
either, for father doesn't consult me or have me help him
really, you know; and he has both the clerks he had be
fore I came down, so I have lots of spare time, and I've
seen a good deal of Ryder lately. I haven't told father
about him because he's in Mr. Poole's office, and father
h ates l\fr. Poole."
" I dou't believe your father really hates anybody,"
Ezra Pierce's daughter-in-law declared.
*
Begun iii
H4nP111,•� W1tiK1,Y
No,
io1i.
" Yes, he does, " her husband replied. " He hates Sar
" But what is the Hoyle Club ?" his wife wanted to
gent, and he hates Poole too. I guess he hates Sargent know.
most. · But because an old college friend of m ine is i n
" It used to be the Lexington Avenue Whist Club "
the office o f a man father doesn't like, that's no reason I "Winslow explained, ".but it" was so successful tliat th�y
shouldn't speak to him, is it, Mary ?"
took a bigger house last year, and they have their own
" I don't know, " she answered. " I suppose your fa restaurant now."
ther knows best. "
. " Do they play cards there?" was Mary's immediate in
" Well, I'm not going to tell him about Ryder, any quiry.
way," ·winslow responded. " Ryder has been very nice
" I believe so," her husband answered. " And they've
to iµe, and I don't want to give him up. He's introduced got a splendid big billiard-room ; that's what I shall like
'
me to a lot of good · fellows ; I had five of them to lunch for Ryder says I've got the making of a good shot."
with me yesterday at Delmonico's. I knew father was
" · why, I didn't know you ever played billiards," was .
going to be busy with Wemyss all the afternoon."
_the surprised comment of his wife.
" And who is Wemyss ?" Mary asked.
" I never did, much," he answet'ed, " till a month or
" He's. the man who was foreman or manager of the so ago, when I took a cue with Ryder one afternoon.
Ramapo Potteries wheh I was president of the company," But I'm getting oil first- rate already. Last Tuesday I
Winslow answered. " The directors of General Ceramic played Ryder for our lunch, and I lost by only fourteen
have been cutting down their expenses lately, and We points."
myss was one of the men who had to go. He's got some
" Oh; Winslow, isn't that gambling?" Mary asked, anxiously.
" Of course it isn't," he
rnturned. promptly ; " it's
gambling only when you
go beyond your means.
"\Vhen the stakes are so
slight that you don't care
whether you win or lose,
you can't call it gambling."
" I don't believe your
mother will approve of
it," Mary remarked, dubi
ously.
" Then there's no need
to tell her anything about
it," said Winslow, forcibly.
" I' m out of the nursery
now, a·u d I've · got to go
my own way. You mustn't
forget that I've a w ife of
1ny own. "
" But I don't like vour
doing anything your· mo
ther mustn't be told
about, " his w ife replied.
" And I don't believe I like
the idea of your playing
billiards either-much less
for money. "
" I don't really play for
money," he returned, care
lessly-" at least, none to
speak of. I guess I can
afford to pay for a lunch
better than Ryder can."
" I don't believe that
- - --- - ,-, vu ca:u (lfiv�·i 'tG- '";;;::! f!·�--
a man w ho can't afford to
lose," she said.
" Then you needn't
worry about me, Mary,"
Winslow retorted, laugh
ing lightly. " I haven't
won enough to hurt him.
He plays ever so much
better tlrnn I do."
· With this Mary . had to
be content perforce, and
she deemed it best to say
nothing more for the mo
ment.
The subject was not
again discussed bet ween
the young couple until a
fortnight later; w hen W ins
low came home with an
air of satisfaction, and
told his wife· t"hat ·Im had
been elected to the Hoyle
Cluh.
· " I've go� to give Ryder
and the other men the din
ner I promised them," he
said, " and I've · been puz
. zled . to know how I was
going to get out of dining
at home. But I've found
a way :' I'm going to tell
mother that · I've been i n
vited to dinner w i t h some
old collec:e friemls. "
" Oh \Vinslow !" cried
h is wif�, " that ,vould be
·a story, wouldn't it? You
ar.e not invited - you are
inviti1ig' them:"
• " That's a.ll the same,"
he answered. " I'm dining .with · them, _and it
" ' , WHY NOT?' HE ASKED ; ' IT W�N'T HUR'l' YOU.' "
.
doesn't. matter who is pny
. ing for the dinner. "
· • ' You are dining togeth
kind of a scheme on han�, and father is letting h i m ex er, I suppose,"· she admitted. " You ·could put it that
plain i t all. Perhaps we shall get u p a. new company way, if you must."
" The one thing I mustn't do," 'iVinslow went on, nc
soon, and I shall be president of that too."
. " If your father gets up companies, and makes you cepting this point as disposed of fi nally, · · is to tell father
president, and then sells out to some other company, and that Ryder is going to be thexe, bec!\use maybe he's heard
yon are not president any more," said :Mary, " I don't that Ryder is in Mr. Poole's office, and he wouldn't like
me to know anybody in that office."
really see what good it does you . "
" Well, " her husband responded, " _I suppose I shall ' " Then ·hadn't· you "better give -him up now ?" asked
.
learn something every time. And I don't know· that this Mary, eagerly.
s"clieme of vVemyss's will come to anything anyway. I . " After he's got .me into the Hoyle Club?" Winslow re
think it was perhaps because I was President of the Ram turned. " That would be gratitude, wouldn't it?"
" I suppose it _wouldn't be j ust right to break wit1 him
apo ·Company t hat Ryder took notice of me first. We
didn't know each other at all well in colle_ge-why, I don't all at once, " she admitted, " but you can do it by degrees."
oelieve I spoke' to him a dozen· times. But here in New , " What I'm going to do now is to give him and the
York he has been very friendly.· And he is going to pro other men a dinner-as good a dinner as anybody ever
pose me for the Hoyle Club. All the men I had at the !Jad i n the Hoyle Club, too. Ryder is going to speak t o
lunch yesterday are members, and they urged me to join. the ·steward for me, so , that he'll take -particn1 n r pr.ins
I've promised to give them a dinner there within a week about it. I've asked them for Thursd::!y, a week from
after I �et in."
yesterday."
747
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
.
' ' You have asked them already ?'' Mary queried;
" And you don't know what your father will say ?"
" ·w hat can he say when .I tell hiul tilat I'm going to
d i n e ? Well, I'll tell him tlu,t I'm going to have dinner
w ith some old college friends. I don't see how he can
possibly object to that,, " Winslow declared
As it happened, Ezra Pierce did not object to it at all
when W inslow brought in the announcement, adroitly,
half an hour later, j ust after Sauchez had placed the tur
key on the table.
" Vve are going to dine out ourselves, mother and I , "
he said, " on Tuesday of next week."
" Has Doctor Tlrnrston asked you ?" ",V inslow inquired,
" Yes, " his fa tiler responded. " Mrs. Thurston. is . feel
ing better now, and they are going to begin tl!eir diuuers.
\•Ve are invited to the first one."
" The doctor has had us at the first dinner in the fall
every winter now for six years, " said Mrs, Pierce. " He
k nows that father is his best friend in the congregation
But I wish he had asked you too, Mary. I don't like
leaving you two to dine here all alone. "
Mary looked over a t h e r husbanrl and smiled a s she an
swered, ''. I'm not afraid of getting tired of Winslow's so
ciety . "
" Of course not," Mrs. Pierce responded. " I - didn't
mean that ; you k now better. But I've got so used to
having you at dinner, my dear, that it wouldn't seem din
ner to me without you."
W inslow lrntl remarked t hat bis father was i n good
h 1 1 mor that evening, and having safely announced his
ow11 fl i n ner out, he ventured again.
" That's so," he suggested. " Dinner here would be
l"nely without you and -father. This is a pretty big room
for two people only. I guess I'll take my wife out·wJ1 ere
we can see folks. I say, Mary, suppose we go_ to Del
m on ico's to dinner the night they go to Doctor Thurs
ton's?"
Mrs. Pierce looked at her son i n some surprise, and
then she turned to her daughter-in-law.
Mary hesitated a little, anrl finally she said, " I've uever
been to Del monico's, and I think ·I should like to dine
there once. "
Mrs. Pierce commented a little dqubtfnlly. " I have
never !Jeen there either, but I do not uelieve it is the kind
o f place I should care for. But I suppose yom1g folks
J,ave different views. I'm sure I wish you to have every
thing you want, my dear; and if you would like to go
there, and father sees no lrnrm in it, why sl!ou\dn't you
go?"
" I don't like the cooking iu those foreign places, " Ezra
Pierce declared, in response to this appeal to h im. " If
'Winslow wants his w ife should see the place once, I have
no objection . "
' ' ·well, " said Mrs. Pierce, a s t h e butler took the turkey
and left the room, " if you two go out the same uight we
<lo, Sanchez can have an extra evening out, as he hus !Jeen
geUing very exacti ng lately. "
So it was that when Mr. and Mrs. Ezra Pierce went to
the first of Doctor Thurston's annual series of dinners to
t he . )eacliQg_ mer.ub.er.q of his. """ "''"<\gation, Mr. and Mrs.
W mslow Pierce walked across Madison Square in the
clear November moonlig·ht, and dined together at a littie
table in a corner of the large room at Delmonico's.
vVinslow was dressed with u n usual care, and he had a
1Jroad chrysanthemum i n his button-hole. He bad insisted
m Mary's wearing one of her new gowns, with her most
:oquettish bonnet; and she had allowed herself to be per
suaded into it. When they had ta.ken their seats they soon
discovered that their own u n wonted gorgeousness attracted
no attention-to the relief of Mary, and a little to the sur
prise of Winslow.
He ordered the dinner-a long dinner of little delicacies,
one or another of which he had had for l unch downtown,
so he told Mary; Ryder had given him advice about or
dering a d inner as well as about other t h ings.
Mary was occupied i n observation of the people at the
other tables-of the manners of the men a11rl of the clothes
o f the women ; and she did 11ot list.en to all that W inslow
said to the waiter. Therefore she was greatly surprised
when the glass beside her plate was filled with champagne.
·winslow was watching her face in expectation of a pro
test.
' ' Ob, Winslow !" was all she said.
" Why not?" he asked. " It wou't hurt you. I often
have it for lunch . "
" But I never drank any before,'' she exclaimed.
" You'll have to drink it now," her husband returned.
" It's ordered, and it's in your glass-you'll get to like it
soon enough."
" I don't really know-" she began.
" I'll know for you, " he i nterrupted. " Taste i t ! Didn't
your father ever have champagne? He wasn't a temper
ance crank."
" He didn't insist on total abstinence, i f that's what you
mean , " s!Je explaiuecl. ' · He believed in every man's de
ciding for h i mself, I've heard him say often; and, as pres
ident of a college, he thought it best for him to set a good
example."
" Well, !'Ii set you a good example now," her husband
�aid, with a caressing smile. · ' You belong to me now,
aucl must do as I do, " and w i th that he emptier! his glass.
vVhen the d inner was over Mary had done little more
tlum taste her wine, and Winslow had to fi111sh the pint
almost without her assistance.
vVhile they were eating their ice-cream he looked at her
:tncl smiled and said, " l've got another surprise f9r you "
" What is it?" she asked.
He took out his new card-case, with a silver monogram
on the black alligator-skin, and he picked out two long,
narrow, brown tickets.
' ' What are t hose for?" she asked agam.
" You shall see soon enough," he answered, returning
the tickets to the card-case and the card-case to his .
pocket.
They bad two l ittle cups of coffee, and Winslow, whose .
eyes were already bright and whose cheeKs were a little
flushed, ordered a t iny glass of ·green mint.
W'hen they were going out he paused in the vestibule
to l ight a cigarette. and then they started off together
But instead of crossing the square, Winslow turned down
Broadway.
" Why, Winslow," cried his wife, " where are you go
ing ?"
" Where we are going is the other surpnse," he an
swered.
" Won't you tell me?" she pleaded.
" Haven't you had a good time so far?" he asked.
" D idn't you l ike the little taste of wine you had?"
" It has gone to my head, I believe," she answered.
'' That won't h urt you," he responded. " You'll soon
get o ver that. You have enjoyed your dinner, haven't
you ? Well. then, you j ust trust to me, and you'll enjoy
the next surprise, too. "
He guided her down Broadway and across Union
Square, and through F ifteen t h Street to Irving- Place.
'fhen he took out his two tickets, j ust as they walked up
some steps under a broad canopy
The building they were enteriug was the Academy of
M usic, and gaudy posters before t he door announced The
Black Crook, and declared that Miss Daisy Fostelle would
appear as Stalacta.
Mary caught sight of one of the pictures of Stalacta
with the name of the play above it, and she shrank !Jack.
" This is the surprise, " said Winslow, drawing her on.
" You've never seen The Black Crook, have you? I told
yon I'd take you off on a spree."
Mary sat through the play with her brain whirling, not
knowing what to think, enjoying the skilfully blended
colors of the spectacle, and shocked at some of t h e cos
tumes "Winslow laughed at Greppo am! expressed open
admiration for Stalacta.
' · She is handsome, isn't. she?" he cried. " She doesn't
h ide her good looks either, does she ? Ryder knows her,
aud-"
" I should think that your friend M r. Ryder has more
than one undesirable acquaintance, " interru pted Mary.
" I guess he has," Winslow admitted. " He knows lots
of people of all sorts. I never saw a man who had so
many acquaintances. I think it's · quite a compliment he's
taken such a faucy to me."
.
During one of the intermissions Wi nslow thought he
saw Ryder at the back of the h ouse. He was gone u n t il
after the curtain had risen again, and when he came back
h e had a coffee !Jean between his lips.
He sank heavily into the chair !Jeside his wife.
" It wasn't Ryder," he whispered, " l>ut it's all right.
I met two of the fellows who are goi n g to dine with me
day after to-morrow, and it's all right."
"\Vinslow aided i n accomplishing a repetition of Miss
Daisy Fostelle's song ; but duriug the last act he almost
went to sleep three or four t imes, recovering hi mself ab
ruptly, and explaining to Mary that the heat of the theatre
made him drowsy.
When they reached home she could not but notice how
f1 11shed was !Jis face, ordinarily _ so pale, and she thought
that his movements were a little strange ; and there was
something unusual even in the way he threw h is arms
about her and kissed her several times as she was comb
ing her hair for the night. She said nothing, but she lay
awake for a long w hile, l istening to her h usband's heavy
breathing, aud wondering whether her vague and scarce
ly formulated suspicions had any foundation at all, or
whether, in her youthful ignorance of life, she failed to
uuderstand .
B u t when Winslow came home two nights later a t half
past one o'clock in the morning, after his dinner at the
Hoyle Club, w ith his step u nsteady and his utterance
tilick, and when he sank down on the bed in his clothes
and dropped off i nstantly into a stupid slumber, it. was 110
longer possible for her to doubt. She spent the night on
the sofa ; and i t was almost tl!e late winter dawn wheu at
last she cried herself to sleep.
[TO HK 00.N 1'1NUED.]
'l'HE HANGING OF BAD 'l'O:M S.Ml'l'H.
TEN years ago, Jackson, a little mountain town scattered
loosely over two dusty yellow h ills i n Breathitt County,
Kentucky, was the seat of one of t h e bitter fe11cls t hat
have st.a ined the highland border of the State with blood ,
and abroad Jrnve engulfed the reputal ion of the BI ne-grass.
It is the terminus now of the ouly railroad that. has pene
trated the Eastern fastnesses. and a fortnight. ago it p n t
t h e first foot on the neck of Kentucky mountain lawless
ness by hanging " Bad " Toni Smith, a desperado of t he
French-Eversole feud There have been perhaps half a
lmndred nnjustifia!Jle homicides around Jackson in the
last. ten years This was the first legal hanging in the
connty-the reg10n ; and · it means a n epoch
The Kentucky mountnineer ha� been the most isolated
of the Southern mountaineers. He was more evenly di
vided by the war because h e was oftener a slave-hoider
In consequence, the war gave him the feud, the fend g-ave
him the ambush , and the ambush gave h im Bad Tom
Smith and his like.
Bad Tom was an assassin. He was a good-looking fel
low j ust over t h i rty, with a pallid face, a black mustache
-the sine quci non of the mountain dandy-black hair,
and !Jlack upper and under lashes that literally lay out on
his cheeks. The eye under them was blue, languid, and
bold only when it looked into a woman's. He played the
banjo and sang; and, as h e h imself said, women would
leave then· husbands to follow him. In the French-Ever
sole feud, several years ago, he )dlled many men, us11ally
as a h ireling, and always from aml>11sh. Last spring he
killed a man near Jackson. Meanwhile Jackson had built
a school aod created the public sentiment that made this
mmder Bad Tom's last On the clay of the execution an excursion train ran u p
from the Blue-grass . T o the credit o f the region i t started
with one man-a reporter. In the !.>rush country the hill
people boarded ii, and at Jackson seat and aisle were full
Perhaps four thousand mountaineers were already there
Many hiid come in a week ahead on foot and horseback,
in ox-carts and heavy wagons, and had camped on the
edge of the town, waitmg They had streamed in from
the head-waters of the Kentucky, the Big Sandy, and the
Cumberland - men, women, children. babes in arms,
friends and enemies of the condemned man, and feuds
men in plenty, Littles anrl Strongs of Breathitt, Howards
and Turners of Harlan, Frenches and Eversoles of Perry,
Hatfields and McCoys of Pike.
· Trouble was expected. · The sheriff was supposed to
he Bad Tom's friend, and i t was claimed that he h arl se
lecterl fifty of the murderer's friends for his inner guard.
So Jackson formed an outer guard of two hundred and
fifty for the grim p urpose of seeing that Tom's friends
passed him through t.he trap-door instearl of out into the
w oods. At seveu o'clock in tile morning the · murderer
748
was taken down to the river between two long lines of 'Win
chesters and baptized in the muddy water. All !he morn
ing after that p rayers and sho11tings and wailiug hymns
came from the jail. Now and then Bad Tom's pnle face
would appear at the w indow, and sometimes a preacher
won Id thrust h is hands through the
· !Jars and p reach to the
·
gaping crowd outside.
At the time set for t h e execut ion the sheriff spoke from
the scaffold and said that Bad Tom had l>een forgiven for
all Ids mmclers but the last, and that he would give t he
condemned man two hours in which to p ray pa rdon for
t hat. Meau while Tom telegraphed an earthly praye·r t o
t h e Governor for a respite, which was denied, and a t one
o'ciock the murderer stood on the boxlike scaffold , con
fessing a half - dozen murders one after another to tl,e
newspaper men. When he was through h e w i ped h is
forehead, gave one deep sigh, and smiled, as though a
weight were gone at last. Then he spoke to the hig
crowd that was massed about the scaffold. Sharp men,
whiskey, and bad women, he said, had ruined him.
" I want all who will stop whiskey and try to avoid my
end to raise their hands."
Instantly a hand shot above every _sunburnt face.
Bad Tom smiled what seemed to be arr honest smi le.
" That's beautiful," he said. Then they listened w ith re
spect and silence. Some of the women cried softly ; tl,e
m en were grave. Every!Jocly was except one l i ttle wo
man in black, who, with three little children, was pressing
against the rope. Her face wore a curious smile.
At his own request, the murderer walked around t l,e
rai l ing for at least ten minutes, singing. I swung- from
the scaffold then uear the litt.le woman in black. She in
sisted that the children should be held where t hey cou ld
see. A moun t aineer spoke to her, holding out his haud,
" How air ye?"
" I'm feeling m ighty good now," she said. Slie was the
w idow of Bad Tom's last victim.
For forty minutes the murderer spoke, sang, and prnyecl .
Then the white curtains were drawn. The rest was u n
seen; b u t 011e scream o f terror and a n answering wail 0 1 1
t h e edge o f t h e crowu from the condemned man's sister
told what was clone.
There is 110 other way than this to reach the imagina
tion of these mountaineers, and it was wel l that there was
such a crowd. To-day the hanging is ta lked of in e very
cave i n the mountains of Kentucky and West Virginia,
and the law has gained a power that it never had before.
Now the mountaineers know that money a11cl infl11cncc
can fail, for Bad Tom was t he henchman of the most as
tute learler in the mountains, a man who .vas lawyer,
111erchaut, and trader; who is shrewd, genial, and app:1r
en 1 ly most kindly Hear him tell the story of ! , is feurl
aucl you will t hi n k t hat in his place you must have clone
as h e did. His enemies say that he has never firer! a gun,
and yet he obliterated the other faction, came out un
scathed and prosperous. When not fighting he is said to
have kept. his men at work getting out tim!Jer. When
sent to the B111e-grnss for trial he moved his family t!Jere,
went into l>usi11ess, matched the keenness of the shrewdest
lawyers in his trial, came clear, and lives tl1ere prosper
ous to-dav. 'l'hat such a man could uot save Bad Tom
will help "the law incalcula!Jly in the mo11nlains. .
Isolation is the secret of this barbarism. The Ken
tucky mountaineer l ives like the pioneer. He still hits t he
fierce code of the backwoodsman, and he has had a cel)
tury apart from ch nrch and school in w hich to dete
riorate. He is rarely a thief, a robber, or a liar, He is
pathetically hospitable and obliging. The people who
take active part i n the feuds arc comparatively few. The
stranger and the 11011-partisan are rarely molested. Prop
erty of the beaten faction is rarely touched. On one sirle
or the other. ambush is · unusual. Withal the K e n t 11cky
mountaineer is prett.y bad, but consider his awful isolation
since the Revolution and you wonder that he is not
worse.
So many t h ings are subject ive that at times it seems
very questionable whether there are any causes or effect s
outside o f our consciousness. A t ree falls i n the sol itude
of a forest where there is no one by to hear, and there is
no more noise than i f it fell i n a dream, or not at all. A
terrible review of your book is written, and if, in spite of
all the intentions and acciclent.s w hich !.>ring such things
to the author's eye, you happen not to see it, there has
p ractically been no such review, so far as you are con
cerned. The gems of the dark u 1 1 fathom,cl caves, the
flowers born t o hl11sli unseen, have they real ly t he purest
ray serene, do they ever actually waste t heir sweetness
where there is 110 nose to smell i t ? " What is t rnth,
saith jesting Pilate," but he m ight much more merri l y
ask, What is fact? Even o f t h e thing that h a s verita!Jly
been, where there were people to witness and report of it,
there 1s n o absol 11tely faithful record outside of the wit
nesses' consciousness.
I suppose I am urging these sophistical considerations
in order to prepare the reader for any disappointment I,e
m ight feel i n not being able to believe everything I should
l ike to say about some aspects of our summer life, in t hi s
paper a n d rn others, from time t o time. I am sure t h at i f
I told t h e very trnth on all points he would find it still
more difficul t ; not that I mean to tell i t , but. that I wish
him to u nderstand that he would not believe i t if I did,
and that he might as well have fiction at once.
I
When Life and Letters, eitrly in ,July, quitted their
classic abode in Frankl i n Square, anrl set forth on their
summer wanderings, i t was to visit the Long Island mos
quito in h i s home. They had ·a nother purpose, of course.
but this was what t.hey gave out as their motive. They
had heard much of this mosquito, but d uring their winter
excursions to his haunts they had never seen h i m. ·1 say
liis, but I ought to say her, for if there is any thing ascer-
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
�
I
-
tained in regard to the mosquito it is that he is always she.
Very little else is known to science. though a great deal i s
known t o literature,especially t h e literature which h u mor
ously imagines itself funny. It is this which has constrnct
ed the popular character of the mosquito, and assigned
it the w hole of Long Island for a habitat, though perhaps
that is the only locality where the mosquito is not to be
found, or if found is found not u n friendly or troublesome.
Such is the influence of the American paragrapher that
nothing is more firmly established in the p 1 : l.J lic mind con
cerning Long Island than the superstition of i t s mosquito,
and no sooner had Life and Letters said they were going
down to Long Island, than they were told that they would
never come back; that the mosquitoes would eat them
up; that they would lift them out of their chairs. They
were told that at one point on the island where there was
a large town, and almost as large a settlement of summer
sojourners, the mosquitoes were so bad that people were
obliged to put pantaloons on the mules which draw the
lawn-mowers. The person who sail! this had seen botll
the pantaloons and the mules.
It must be confessed that at the first point where the
explorers stoppetl there were certain ominous peculiarities
of the local architecture. Every door and every w indow
was scrupulously netted, though whether the chimney
tops were netted, as they are iq some Boston �11 bmbs, the
explorers could not tell. They only know t,hat they were
quite safe in-doors through the night, and that the next
d�y they walked about and �at round far i nto the evening
without the least molestatwn from mosquitoes. Some
mosqu_itoes indeed they saw, and some they heard, \Jut
these msects so far respected the laws of hospitali 1 y as
not to make the strangers their prey.
Th� experience was so contrary to all that had been
pro_nnsed o!· threatened, that they begau to question the
natives. First they looked for the mules in pantaloous i n
nil the fields of tall grass, b u t there were not even any
mules. Tl�ere were pantaloon_s everywhere i n plenty ;
some !a<ly btcycl1sts wore a modification of them; bnt there
were no mosquitoes, or at least none that stuno-. The na
tives frankly owned, when questioned, that tliey had
soR1etimes had �hem in . times past, though they spoke so
vaguely, _and with so l 1ttle evident fear of ever having
them agam, that one could hardly credit their con fession.
They said that after a week's rain w hen it came off warm
they had been known ; \Jut it h;td already been rainin,�
some days, n.nd now it was warm, and there were no moi
q 111t?es. When �ife and L_etters joined in calling the at
tentwn of the natives to this fact they could not deny H;
and then they said that a north wind was apt to bring
them from the _inland marshes where they fed, but that a
sea-breeze earned them all off again.
In places where the salt meadows formed the shore of
the Great South Bay the people said that the mo�quitoes
only troubled you where the swamps were fresh ; where
there were fresh-water swamps, they accounted for their
absence by the fact tllat there were no salt meadows. At
points east they had the impression that the mosquitoes
infested the western parts; at points west they understood
that they were very bad farther east. Some believed that
they �ere worst in September ; others that they were
wor�t 1!1 June ; others yet conjectured their possible aui
rnos1ty 111 the latter part of July and the beginnino· of Au
gust. No one could be positive, _o r specific, so ttat Life
and Letters came away not so wise as they had been when
they trnsted to hearsay before visiting t he island. It is
true that there were the nettings on the doors and win
dows, so abundant that the whole landscape of the island
seemed nett ed ; but from their own experience they could
not have said that these were uot intended solely as a pro
tection against flies.
IL
If they were disappointed of mosquitoes on Long Island
they had full compensation in air and scenery of peculiar
eharm. I myself am very fond of levels, and I am not
surprised, therefore, that Life and Letters found those of
southern Long Island delightful. Through the nettino-s
there is sometimes a glimmer of hazy hills to the nortl!
ward, but for the most part there is not even this to
break the line of the vast plain. The yellow-and-green
\Jeach l.J eyond the blue expanses of the Great 8011th I3ay
shows as a range of sand dunes, a l i ttle higher here, a l i t
tle lower there, \Jut nowhere loftier than the sail of a cat
boat, and never out of keeping with the even smoothness
of the mainland. In the latter part of June and the early
part ?f ,Tuly this has a summer wealth and peace. very
soothmg to �he eye after the harsh impact of city sights,
as you see 1t from the train, softly vary i ng itself from
dwarfish woods of oak and pine to swamps of alder and
h uckleberry, gay with the bloom of dogroses ; or mea
dows heavy with pmple - headed timothy or crimson
clover bolls ; or wheat-fields richly ripe and of a yellow
gold deepening to copper.; or densely green apple orchards,
and near the hoµses old, old cherry-trees.
It is not from the tr3:in, though, that you see Long Island
anght. From the tram you see the t!Jings I have named,
and other graces of the landscape which refuse themselves
to the catalogu e ; but these pleasant characteristics are
perpetually interrupted by the arrests at t he stations with
their litt.le flutter of business activity, their eviden'ce of
suburban fashion in the smart vehicles aud crop-t ailed
horses waiting about, of summer sojourn in the i.Jotel 011111 i buses, and of native life in the more or less decrepit
carryalls and buggies. On the Long Island south shore
the littl e villages beaded u pon the railroad are only five or
ten m inutes apart, and even these are not seen at their
best from the train, and often · they are not seen at all. But
they have commonly their main street upon that famous
South Country Road which runs from one end of the isl
and to the other, and if you will drive through them o n
this you will see how pretty they are with their foliao·e
on, and how quaint they are when, like Mr. Fuller's ' h e,'.'o
ine, they give up trying to \Je beautiful. It is useless to
prefencl that they have the neat ness and tastefulness of
New Engfand villages ; but I l i ke a l i ttle the slovenly
graces, and these friendly-looking, homelike towns did
not trouble me by their occasional negligences. One does
not find much evidence of their ancient settlement, short
of East 1-fampton, I suppose, though they must all be two
centuries old at least ; but now and then in town and
?0unt!"Y . you come upon a house r.Jrnroughly local. This
1s a krnd of house shingled down to the ground, as many
old houses i n the New England fis!Jing-towns are ; but on
Lone: Island the shi ngles are wide, and they show to the
depth of eight or ten inches, with au e:t:!'ect of $Olidity in
the wall which nothing else but stone gives to the eye.
I t is such a very good house, so quiet, nai:ve, and pleas
ing, w hen mere carpentry, that I could not help wonder
i ng that architecture seemed nowhere to have worked for
ward from it, in the characteristics I have noted, among
the summer cottages.
These� shingled and clapboarded in all varieties of af
fectation and consciousness, with a rarely occasional sim
plicity apd beauty, li n e pretty much the whole length of
the South Country Road, where you encounter many other
evidences of wealth waiting for taste Lt> catch up with it.
The pc\nderous landau, with the fat co'a chman and jing
ling harness chains; the drag, the trap, the dog- cart,
with the brown-hatted groom, far outnumber t\Je native
\Juggie!! and village carryalls; and the faces yo.u see are
mostly l\I4nhat.Jian Island faces, uot Long Island.
III.
I fancy that even the faces wh ich flash or whir by o n
bicycles are N e w York faces i n far the greater part,
though now the bicycle is so uni versal that our whole con
ti nent may be said to he wheeling. 011 Long Island the
South Country Road, with its smooth leve!A almost un
broken by a rise or fall of grou nd, swarms with bicyclers
of every age and sex, aml is perhaps one of the I.J est places
to del)ate, with the evidence for and against hefore the
eye, a question which seems still to \Je vexed. As to men,
it i s perhaps 110 longer so, \Jut the sense of I.Jeanty does
not conc,e rn itself with thei r graceless sex . As to wo
men, i t, is . differl'nt; iu whatever they are or do, that sense
demands satisfact ion , a11d the question witli Life and
Letters wns whether in view of l.Jicycling and the i.>i
cycless, it must not forever famish.
I should not like to he tlwught of as entering i n to the
question at all, myself, anti I shall only try to report their
discussion aR I know it. or so much as I think for the
reader's· good; and I shall not tty to characterize the per
sons; or personifications, that took part i n it.
Life, as a young lady comes \Jeating up a slight ri�e of
ground, w ith a canvas 011 the wheel before her : · ' Oh,
look ! She's been sketching. . ,ve\l , she is making her hi
c_ycle of some use. Perhaps she is putting her art in evi- .
dence. a lit tie."
Letteiw : '• Is it any worse than exhil.Jiting it-in the Artists', for instance?"
Dife : " No; and i t's much easier. Besides, she had to
get it home somehow. There ! See how fast that girl
yonder is going ! ls t hat what they eall sprinting?"
Lettei·B : " That's what they call scorch ing. "
Life : " Well, w hat is the d ifference from · workin g a
sewing-machin e ?"
Letters : " That is done with one foot ; " nd it's useful."
L((ii : ' "fhey say t his is useful t oo. It is very good
for the nerve-balance ; and the sewiug-ma1 h i ne is very \Jad
for th.at. "
Letters : ' ' Perhaps because they work i t with only one
foot. 'fhey ought to use two. Then the nerve-1.>alance
would come right."
Life , absen tly, while gazing at a troop of cyclers and
cyclesses passing : " Perhaps. I don't k now whether I
like the k nickerbockers more, or the loaded skirt."
Letters : '' Or less?''
Life .; " They're both very ungraceful ; or undignified . "
Letters : " I don't know about t h e grace. It certainly
doesn't, look like the poetry of motion yet; but perhaps
we're not used to it. It s11ggests the walking-beam of
the steamboat at close view ; i.>ut at a l i t tle distance you
lose the grotesque effect. It cerl ainly requi res distance . "
Life : " The more t h e better. I don't know b u t the ex
hibition of thnt canvas was mther modest. after all. At
any ra�e. it ohscmed the walkin g-beam effect-hid it, i n
fact. W h y couldn't something b e contrived t o do that
permanen t l y on the bicycle?"
Letters : " Like the dash- hoard of a \Juggy?"
J,ife : " Yes ; or that leather apron yo11 pull up when
it. rains. Perhaps it wouldn't cto. Could a fat woman
ever look graceful on a wheel ?"
Lettei-s : '· Could a fat woman look graceful 011 foot?''
L{fe : " There is something in that. But you must al
low it's very undignified ."
Letters : " I did n't k now I was def-ending i t . "
Life : " No; b u t fancy a,dignified woman on a wheel.
You can't."
Letters : " Yonder comes one. She is clearly a lady, and
she is dignified."
Life : · .. She i s severe. She looks as if she defied you
to think her undign i fied . There ! She is off her wheel.
She is in a short skirt and higb boots. She tries to carry
it off very haughtily, \Jut Ehe looks-stumpy. What do
you think of that tall lean girl in spectacles?"
Letters : " Cu lture on a bicycle? What harm ?"
Life : " Oh, none ! But I thought we were talking a\Jout
g,·ace. It's very strange ! I dare say we shall get accus
tomed to it. But imagine one's mother on a bicycle !"
Lette1·s : '' I don 't think that's a test, quite. The fin de
siecle atmosphere would he wanting."
Lffe : " Or the fin de bisiecle."
Letters : " You can't expect me to notice tlictt. "
Life .' " No ; but what figure-female figure-men's fig
ures are h ideous anyway, and always, as they are in dan
cing-can yon fancy graceful on a wheel ?"
· Lette1-s : " You remember l\'lichclangelo's Fortune :
the goddess bestriding her w h eel - a unicyclist ? One
wouldn't want to go quite so far as that. But light, fly
ing drapery; youth; \Jeanty ; sculpturesque, long- forms;
fearless innocence and unconsciousness ; an u nhooded
head and a radiant smile-yes, it is imaginable."
Life : " With distance?"
Letters : " Oh, distance certainly."
Life : " The more the better?"
Lettei·s : " I' m not so sure. There would be no harm . "
L(fe : " Oh, it isn't a question of that, a n y more. There
can be uo harm in what every one does, if it isn't wrong
in itself. And they hope that dress-reform is to advance
in the k nickerbockers of the bicyclers. "
Letters : ' · Yes. But I wish the bicycle had made lacing
as impossible as long skirts. Yon<ler comes a woman with
a waist as small as her neck. Frightful ! I wonder if
they know how ugly they are? Like i nsects : like h om
glasses ! With her violent exercise, w!Jy doesn't she gasp
and drop from her wheel?"
Life : ' ' Because lacing is wholesome, I suppose, if it
isn't pretty. But it's incongruous on the wheel."
Letters : " Yes ; the Fortune has a waist like a washer
woman. Perhaps beauty is really plebeian . "
W . D. HOWELLS.
749
RICHA RD MORRIS HUNT.
THE question who is the greatest of American archi
tects thus far is a question not very easy to answer, and
the answer to it wouid depend not alone upon the t ech
nical training and competency of the answerer, but u pon
his personal predilections and temperament. But if the
question were changed to the question wlio was the most
successful of American arch itects, nut necessarily in the
extent of his practice, i n the magnitude of his works, or
their artistic excellence or individuality, but i n the posi
tion whic;h he occupied i n the public mind as the repre
sentative of the architecturnl profession, if not of the art
of architecture itself, in the United States, most fairly in
structed persons would agree in giving t!Je name of Iiich
ard Morris Hunt, who died on the last day of July at
Newport, in the sixty-seventh year of his age.
The causes of this distinction are uot very far to seek.
In the first place, l\'lr. H u n t began t h e practice of his pro
fession i n t.his country, almost exactly forty years ago, \Jy
far the hest equipped for its practice of any nativ e Amer
ican. The kind and exte1lt of training w h ich almost any
young American who desires to \Je an architect, and whose
parents are able to afforcl it, may now enjoy, he was the
only young American architect of his time to have u nder
gone. His father. not only :i respectable but a disti n
guished man in Vermont, d ied w h e n his son Ricliard was
\Jut four years old, and his elder son, ,villiam Morris,
afterwards the famous painter, was \Jut eight. After a
course of instruction at New Haven and at t!Je Boston
Lat i n School, the boy, at the age of fi fteeu, was taken
a\Jroad by his mother to complete his general education
and to beg i n his special education. He studied arch itect
ure first at Geueva under Darier, n fterwards at Paris i n
the Beaux-Arts as a pupil i n the atelier o f Hector Lc fuel.
After his " wander years " in Europe, Egypt, and Asia
J\llinor, the pupi l , on his return to Paris in 1854, rejoined
his.teacher, Le fuel, who had bee11 appointed to design a n d
superintend t h e extension o f the Louvre, a n d made u nder
the direction of his master the drawings for the Pavilion
de la Bibliotheque. which is known to a l l visitors to Paris.
The next year, 1855, lte began h is American career w i t h
the design o f a town house i n New York, since demolish
ed, but in which appeared plainly enough the results of
!Jis studies for the Louvre, and also w i th the designs of
the earliest of the cott ages or villas of t.hat Newport wi t h
the expansion and uphui lding of which h e has l.Jeen for t he
int ervening years so closely identified t hat the aspect of
the wonderful watering-place owes more to-day to the
work of Mr. Hunt t han to that of any other person.
These e:i rlier efforts were e veu ludicrously huml.J le com
pared w ith the great profusion and costliness of the latest
additions to the arcl , i tecture of Newport from the same
hand, I.Jut t hey none the less bore honorable testimony not
only to the fidelity of the youn .g architect's European
st udies, but. also to !,is con vict ion t hat the practical prob
lems that con fronted h i m in liis own country could not
\Je solved l.Jy a mere repetition or e ven \Jy an adaptatiou
of his academic studies.
After these original and somewhat startling \Jeginnings
the young architect lapsed into comparative inactivity.
The decade 1 860-70 was spent largely in Europe and add
ed little to the record of his orofessional achievements.
But early in the seventies he resumed the active p ractice
of his profession in New York, and for that decade pro
d uced not only a number of country houses not easy to
classify, I.J ut also a number of ci1y buildings that are
known to every New-Yorker, at least, and some that are as
familiar to the residents of other cities. These are very
individual. picturesque, and original works, in which there
is never any lack of vivacity and which are q u i t.e certain
to break in upon the apathy of the beholder, while, al1er
nati11 g with them, are edi fices of which the characteristic
i s a monumental gravity attaining sometimes a monumen
tal dignity. Of the former class are the Brimmer Bouse on
Boston Common, the Tribune l.J11ildi 11g, the older build
ings of the Presbyteriau Hospital, nnd the Coal and Iron
Exchange in New York, and t he buildings of the Theologi
cal Seminary in New Haven . The \Jest-known and per
haps the best example of the latter is the Lenox Lil.Jrary.
It is a cmious fact that w ith all M r. Hunt's versatilit.y,
w ith all h is thoroughness of equipment, his restlessness
of experimentation, and the u n usually wide range of his
practice, he should have l.Jecorne an indisputably estal.J
lishcd architect, and should even have passed hi8 fiftieth
year, before he really found his proper and congenial ar
cliil ectnrnl environ ment. He found it first in 1882 with
the house of Mr. vV. IL Vanderbilt, i n Fifth Avenue,
wh ich was prolmhly the very first., and cert ainly the first
st rik i ngly successful, of liis essays in the French Renais
sance-the architecture of the chateaux of the Loire.
It was perlrnps the popular success of this work that de
termined the subsequent career of its author, who thence
forth addictetl himself in the main, at least in his domes
tic work, to the style i n which this was composed. The
group of " Marquand houses " in Madison Avenue, the
Gerry house in Fi fth Avenue, and a very ad m irable house
on the Lake Shore Drive in Chicago, were the chief pro
ductions that followed it in town houses. In summer
houses their author had the opportunity of giving to his
works in the French Renaissance the detachment and i n
some degree the amplitude that belo11ged t o wht\t, with
out any impeachment of h is talent, may fairly be called
their originals, as in the Goelet house at Newport ; while
i n Biltmore, in North Carolina, which he scnrcely l i ved
to see com pleted, h e had the u n ique opportunity of erect
ing a chateau in the old sense, a " seat " set in ample
grounds and laid out on a truly lordly scale.
He by no means practised in this style exclusively, even
i n his latest years, but a lternated it with exercises i n Ital
ian or i n a stricter classic. Among the former is " Th e
Breakers," one of t h e most artistic as w e l l a s one of the
most sumptuous of the Newport villas. Among the lat
ter is the e ven more noted. but perhaps less noteworthy,
' " Marble House," also at Newport. It is fortunate for
J\llr. Hunt's fame that that b u i lding of h i s which has \Jeen
seen and considered by the m ost people, the Administra
tion Building of the World's Fair at Chicago, should also
be thtit which exhibits him perhaps at his very best, seeing
that t here are in it the reconciliation and fusion of artistic
qualities that elsewhere seem so diverse, strict classicism
and free p icturesqueness, monumental reoose and Parisian
chic. It fully merited the gold medal of the Royal Insti
tute of British Architects, the highest prize open to archi
tects throughout the civilized world, and the fit crown of
the architect's career.
:MONTGOMERY SCHUYLER,
�.,
RECENT UPRISING All'IOKG THE BANNOCK INDIANS-A HUNTING PARTY FORDING THE SNAKE RIVER SOUTHWEST OF T,HE THREE TETONS (MOUNTAINS).
D R A WN BY FREDERIC REMINGTON. -[Srn EmTORIAL, PAGE 74 5.J
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�AME RI CA'S YAC HTI N G WE E K.
BY H A M B L E N S E ARS.
T
I.
HE letter from the Colonel said that if I would take the five-o'clock train from
New York, run out along the north shore of Long Island to Glen Cove, and
tbere take the wagon to the boat-landing, I could not fail to fi nd Vivi1in if I
asked any boatman to row me out to her. That read clearly enough in the
note, and could be and was followed to the lelter until the time came for
finding Vivian at anchor. From this point my boatman, at the rate of two dol lars
per hour, rowed me all over the bay and ran down every hundred-foot schooner i n the fleet
for the rest of the afternoon and half the evening. Then at ten o'clock, when we returned
to the landing, oue warm but rich, the other poor and angry, it was simple enough to
find out what a little i u genuity would ha.v e discovered before, that this Monday was
the first day of the cruise, and consisted of a race off Glen Cove, wherein, as sometimes
occurs, the wind had d ied away calm, and that Vivian, with some forty other amateur
sail, was at that moment, and had been during my costly hours, drifting about in Long Isl
and Sound. There was nothing for it, therefore, but to sit on a hotel piazza near the
landing and wait for the calm to roll by.
· Just l>eforc m idnight there came the beavy swing of oars in under the gloom, and for
the twentieth t ime I looked over the railing, saw four lJluejackets swaying together, and
heard the fami l iar, " Way 'nough !" But for the first time 1 caugl.Jt a familiar ring in the
command, and knew that Vivian was in and my vigil ended . In a moment we were
in the stern-seats, the Colonel had given: " Oars! Let fal l ! Give way !" and I had en
·tered . upon n different kind of life for the next week - a life as clistnnt from office,
sul.J urban trains, late chnners, and early breakfasts as could possibly be - a life of work
and enjoy ment, of etiquette and1 iaformality, of discipline and freedom. As t ile Colonel
, .tl.Je d ifficulty of getting into a decent anchorage, we
talked of the race,,the b�astly faTm;
worked <mt u1)c)er bow_sprit shrouds and graceful overhangs until the silent white sides
of the good ,Vivian- loomed up, and in a • momen t we had swung under her stern and
brought up aJ, the starboard gangway.
Tllen came the descent from the deck into a bright cabin , with its hearty hand-shakes
from half a dozen red-faced men lying about sleepily in white cluck clothes, with its
chnff at the city man's paleness, and fi nally a long cigar and a small amount of King
William at the bottom of a glass of plain soda. And so the annual cruise of the New
York Yacht Club was begun.
If.
Every yachtsman, i f he i s worthy o f the name, rises before sunrise. B u t then it sbould
be remembered that the sun never rises al>oard a yacht till eight o'clock. Still, it is a
\
" HEAVE AWAY !"
751
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
usual thing aboard the average boat, where guests and
owners al i l,e are sailors, and go over the crnise for the
pleasure of tak i ng part in sailing and making sail-it is a
usual thing- for one after another to crawl sleepily up the
gangway in his pnjamas, and , rullbing his eyes at the light,
take a weak look around the fleet. It may be half past
fi ve, it may be seven. The episode repeats itself over and
over again, only varied by the number of guests.
About seven, however, a cluster of pajamaed figures
gathers on the after - skylight over the gangway, and
somellocly searches out the mast and funnel of the Com
modore's boat. Then comes the question as to whnt the
Commodore has to sny for the day. Some one brings
forth the signal-code and spreads it on his knees. Two
or three others keep their glasses fixed on the Commodore's
rigging, and everybody gradually wakes up.
Tl1e sun is by this time high i n the heavens, but no flags
nre flying, no gun is fired, and as it. is not sunrise no lady
i n the fleet is supposed to appear on deck. If there are
any going along with the crui se-and there frequently are
-they must keep within the seclusion w hich theii: own
pri vate cahins grant or take the conseq uences; for it is the
yachtsman's privileg-e, nay, his bounden duty, to hnve his
pl unge off the <leek every morning, and if this plunge
were for any reason prevented, the cruise coulcl scarcely
go on. Something unusual would 11appen, and the whole
week would be unsntisfactory.
As soon as the signals go u p in the Commodore's rig
g i n!.( there is a great deal of talking o n the part of the
men with the glasses. " Bl ue flag with a w hite square."
" Red flag w ith a yellow cross and blue flag with a w hite
diagonal cross."
" Triangular
flag, Llue and yellow, and square
blue flag w ith w hite square cen
tre." These are at once compared
with reproductions of themselves
in the code-book, and after much
difference of opinion it appears
that we are to " prepare to get
u nder way at " - " 8.30 A.M. "
" for New Haven. " That settles
t.h e order of the day, and; after a
plunge, we are all below dressing
and reacly for breakfast at eight.
The charm of this w hole hour,
indeed, the charm of the whol�
crnise, l ies i n the fad thnt you ·
yourself have something to clo with
the things that arc going on aroul)d
yon. Yon are not merely a guest
w h o is being entertained. You
are either watching for signals,'.or
taking a pl unge with the others,
or keeping the time of Vivian
and other boats as they round
buoys, or pulling w i th twenty oth
ers on the main-sheet, or, at the
very least, holding the w indward .
rai l down.
This morning, for example, after
the sunrise gun has been fired, and
the l ittle balls of bunting have
. been broken ont at the mast-head,
I nm stat.ioned beside the Colonel,
as he stands at the w heel, to net fl�
time - keeper for the day. I a1n
presented with a large pad, a pen
cil, and a stop-watch, as Vivian's
head-sails fill away, and she foils
a little off the southeast brneze
w i th started sheets towards the
Commodore's craft at the entrance
t.o the harbor. A start is a com
monplace enongh affoi r, and yet it
is al ways exciting-, and begins the
day w ith a nice bit of boat-hand
l ing, a sharp tiff for w i ndward po
sition, and is a sonl-stirring sight
generally. Just ahead of ns now,
a mile away, lies the Commodore's
boat, a couple of hundred yards
away from her a cat-boat at an
chor, w ith a h uge New York Yacht
Clnll flag flying from her single
stick, forms the other ernl of the
startiug - U ne. vYe are rnnning
down free with . the big sloops
and schooners, and every one is trying for a good posi
tion.
Boom !
Half past eight, and the preparatory gun sends out a
w hite puff from the flag-ship. We have ten minutes to
wnit, and a third gun is the signal for the sloops. They
are given fi ve minutes in which to cross the line, and then
another gnu is at the same time our signal, and the l i mit
with i n which the sloops' time can be taken. F i ve min
u tes later still the fourth gnn closes the first episode of
the day.
Boom !
The sloops are all clustered j ust above the line, and the
moment this gnn fires you can see sheets trimmed down
and a concerted movement i n the m idst of the medley of
sail as they all suddenly heel oiie way, and drive close
up to the flag-shi p at the windward end of the starting
line.
Meantime the schooners are d rawing near the line, and
are wandering around close together, waiting for the time
to pass. Four minutes more before our first gun. Three
minutes. Two m i nutes and a hal f- an d a quick com
mand from the Colonel trims all sheets down. Vivian
j nm ps to the w i nd, and makes a bee-line for the flag-ship.
'fhe question then is, have we timed ourselves correctly
to reach the line j ust before the gun fires, or shall we cross
a few seconds ahead?
One m inute and a half. A minute. Half a minute.
Now we are under full headway, rushing down on the
l ine. Not forty feet to leeward is the Alda. Just on our
weather quarter, so near that you could easily toss a line
to her, is Elda. A little ahead to the leeward Belma
is trying to cut u p to w indward across our bows, and
near her is still another schooner too close to- the line
it seems, while half a dozen more are within easy throw
i ng d istance, and yet they are all schooners at least eighty
feet in length, w i th light sails drawing exquisitely and
with every lee rail awash. It all happens in an i nstant,
der the water to let us clear the judge's boat. Then comes
the long beat to windward out to Block Island. Not a
w ord nor a suggestion goes up from the mouth of any one.
Noliody would be so fool ish as to address the commander
at such a time. We arc thrown at once into the strictest
discipline. Our host is no longer host. He is commander
and sailing-master, and what few words he speaks come
out quickly and sharply.
Again he tries h ugging the shore, and this time shows
his goorl j udgment, for as we draw towards the buoy off
Block Island it is plain that we are going to round it a
good bit ahead of the others. The sloop is around first,
and in an incredibly short time her sheet s are well ont,
her spinnaker set, and she is tearing along before the
wind on the second side of the i rregular t rinngle that
makes the course. One or two other sloops follow, and
then i t comes our turn-first of the schooners-to see how
quickly and how well we can get the big sails out.
The decks as w e draw u p to the buoy are covered w it h
mils and ropes i n apparent utter confosion, hut each m a n
knows his work. Forward one group h a s t h e balloon j i b
halyards ; another group amidships has the spinnaker
halyards; stil l another is ready with the on�ianl. As we
near the line up and out these sails go in stops, and t hen
every sailor is standing silently at some point along tlie
deck, w ith his eyes fixed o n the Colonel, . ready to haul
sheets home. J ust under the lee bow t he big red huoy
comes nearer and nearer, and the good boat heels down
to the wind, running along with her whole leeward rai l
foaming through the sea. In an instant we are on the
buoy, and, as the Colonel w inds the w heel over and Vivian's
head goes off, he cries,
" Heave away I"
Then come a few seconds of
work that remind y.ou of a 100-yard
dash. There is no time to breathe.
Booms go out to port,' light sail
sheets come in, and the next in
stant stops are b!'Oken, and Vivian
is again covered w i t h her enor
mous white duck suit. There is
a moment of suspense. W ill ev
erything holcl, or is someth ing go
ing to give w ny u nder the strain ?
And then a sigh o f relief goes over
us a s she settles down for a fifteen
mile run before the wind.
It took u s exactly thirl y - five
seconds to do the thing, and a grim
smile com<'s over the Colonel's face
as he wipes I he perspiration off his
brow and looks liack to see Bel
ma j ust. getting ready t o let her
l1ead fall off as she rounds the
buoy. Four good minutes to our
-.
creel i t on the first buoy. Five and
a half better than Elda,, who i s
third. And now, too, w e can stand
u p and strcfch our legs out on the
counter. Tlie hard beat to wind
wanl is over, and t here is 11otliing
to do bu t watch the steering llll(I
keep the sails firm. Woe 1111 1 0 us,
however ! Belina is a famous run
ner, ancl she begins to work up on
u s foot by foot. Four minutes is
a good lead. but the nm is a long
one, an<l it is a miserable hour for
us as she comes full astern l ike a
many-winged bird, turns to lee
ward, a11d crawls inch by inch
:1hcad. The Colonel sets his teet h
together and says nothing, not
even w hen I have to report one
minute and thirty seconds to t he
good of Belma ns we rou n d the ·
seconcl mark, :111d haul close to the
w ind on a straight reach l1ome.
Can w e gain that ninety seconds
back i n t he nm ?
:M inute by minute we move u p
on her. vVe can outpoint her,
too; and by the time we are half
over this last leg of the course
S
A
JOLLY
GOOD
FELLOW."
" FOR HE'
Belma is even w ith us and a
h undred yards to leeward. Then
another smile goes over the Colonel's face as he gives her a little better full, and she
HI.
j umps forward .o n a fine spmt. Perhaps you have had
Soon after sunrise over Newport on Friday Vivian's l mnps i n your throat before. Perhaps you have oft.en
crew of twenty were to a man on deck and hard at work. had a joyous feeling of v ictory, but you cannot have had
This was to be a race in racing trim, and all the require a bigger lump or stronger temptation to shout than you
ments of cruising racing could be dispensed with. Every d as yon stand on the deck of a 11inet.y-footer a11d hear
skylight. every spare spar, every boat, and all t.he appoint the Commodore's big gun announce that you have crossed
men t s of the yacht which have weight, or may by any the finish first, w ith open water enough between you and
possible chance furnish resistance to the wind, were taken the second hoat to avoid all danger of losing 011 time al
out. I n place of skylights ordinary board hatches were • lowance.
screwed down, and w ithin two hours Vi1xian· looked as
We picked up exactly four minutes and a half on Belma
if she had been stripped for winter quarters.
in tlrnt rnn home, and by-and-by in Newport Harbor. as
If yon want the equivalent of two or three days' exer the Colonel leans back in his chair at the head of the clin
cise in a few moments yon only need to lay down on the ner table, and receives a shouting heal l h from us all, there
club - topsail halyards with the men. Foot after foot, is certainly much on earth to be thankful for.
yard after yard, rod after rod of the line comes down
IV.
from the heavens, and it seems as if the topsail must be
Saturday we run up Vineyard Sound to Vineyard Haven.
near that place long before the final swaying. But at last
the h uge leg-o'-mutton sai l is well up, taut and stiff. Sunday is a quiet clay lying in Vineyard Haven Harbor,
There is no question that Vivian's sails are well up as we . and Monday carries us to New Bedford. From here, o n
lean away from the light -ai r and begin to reach out by the next morning, w e start on the last run back t o New
the Dumplings. Actually hundreds of yachts of all k inds, port, where this famous event of the American yacht ing
from cat-boats to big ocean steam-yachts, are swinging season ends, and we get our Commodore's signal of " Per
m ission to leave the fleet. " But that night-that Tuesday
slowly around the dingy old light-ship.
The question is, will the Commodore send u s over the night-we have our farewell dinner in the cabin, with the
Block Island course or to the eastward ? He is evidently Goelet Cup in the middle of the table, in spirit if not in
waiting to sec if the southeasterly breeze is going to hold, the silver. And joyous as the meal may he there i s· a little
and for an hour we stand off and on, waiting for his com touch of sadness about, it. We have been together ten
mand, until suddenly the little spots of color go up i nto days, pulled and worked side by side, and this is the last
the flag-ship's rigging, and by the glasses we can see that it of it. One man goes back to Boston, another must be i n
is to be the Block Island course . . A n instant change comes New York to-morrow morning, and the healths that are
over the fleet. Sigh t-seer·s gradually draw to leeward, and drnnk show i n the bottoms of the cups office desks and
we are sent away just as we have been each morning business that have been completely forgotten for more than
during the cruise. But now all the details of the game a week. With the last healt.h, coupled with hearty cheers
are brought into play. Every man has h i s particular for the Colonel, who is, of course, " a jolly good fellow,"
place on the deck, hesides his particular duties during the we turn in, some to start early, some late, but all to spread
race. The Colonel sends us over the line second boat, and, ont over the country probably never to get together j ust
as the breeze has freshened, our lee rail · has to go far un- so again. ·
and not one boat is more than three hundred feet from the
line.
I am counting seconds, and j ust as I open m y month
to call time a burst of smoke and a heavy report break
from the flag-ship, and orders sound from alloard every
schooner. It i s a close shave for us all. Looking over
the weather rail, as we heel dow n to the breeze, you can
see the veins stand out on the hands of the man at
Elda's wheel, and her topsails seem to be actually over·
our deck. As we just clear the flag-ship we can hear the
time-keepers aboard her calling out the time of each
yacht.
" Belina, " calls one voice. " Eight forty-fiVe ten , " an
swers another. " Alda. " " Forty-fiv e twelve." " Vi
vian." " Forty-five seventeen. " " Elda." " Forty-five
twenty-three."
And then we are out of hearing, shooting far up to
windward in a luffing match, and the day's race to New
Haven is on.
The cruise continues from day to day with infinite va
riety. The nm from New Haven next morning is to New
London, and there, at sunset, lying off the Pequot House,
joined by more boats, and watching the gay sights, we sit
on deck receiving visits, and acknowledging the courtly
salutes of the other members of the squadron.
Thursday carries us to Newport, and here the same
round of visits continues; but there is something new now,
something that brings up conversation of the morrow.
For to-morrow is Friday, and Friday is the great and only
Goelet Cnp race-a cup which we propose to carry away
by this time come twenty-four hours.
752
'!.,
�W H AT T H E T R A M P E A T S A N D W E A R S .
BY JOSIAH FLYN T-I LLUSTRATED BY C HARLES BRO U G H TON.
T
I.
HE tramp is the h ungriest fellow in the world.
No matter who h e is, chausseegrabentapezi
rer, moocher, or hobo-his appetite is in varia
bly a most ravenous one. How he comes by
it is an open q ncstion even in his own mind.
Sometimes he accounts for it on the ground that he is
continually changing climate, and then aga i n attributes
it to his incessant loafing. A tramp once said to me:
" Cigarette, i t ain't work that makes blokes hungry;
it's bummin'. "
I think there is some truth in this. I know from per
sonal experience that no work has ever made me so h un
gry as simple idlin g ; and while on the road, I also had a
larger capacity for food than I usually have. Even riding
in a freight-train for a morning used to make me h ungry
enouo·h to eat two din ners, and yet there was almost no
worltabout it. And I feel safe in saying that the tramp
can usually eat nearly twice as much as the laboring-man
of ordinary appetite.
Now what does he find to satisfy this rapacious craving
after food ? Tl1ere are two famous
diets in vagabondage, called " the
hot " and '' the cold." Each one
has its supporters and propagandists. The · ' hot " is befriended
mainlv by the persevering and en
ergetic beggars, and the " cold "
belongs exclusively to the lazy and
u nsuccessful. The first is remark
able for what its champions call
" set-downs," that is to say, good
solid meals three times a day, and
oftener if necessary. The second
and as I had to associate with somebody, I began with
him. After a while I graduated out of their ranks, and
was i ni tiated into the · • set-down " class, but it was only
after a hard and severe training, which I would not go
through again, not even for the sake of sociology.
III.
As a rule, the " poke-out " beggar has but one meal a
day, and it is usually breakfast. 'fhis is the main meal
with all vagabonds, and even the lazy tramp makes fr;m
tic efforts to find it. Its quantity as well as its quality
depends largely on the kind of house he visi t s. His usual
breakfast, if he is fairly lucky, consists of coffee, a little
meat, some potatoes, and " punk an ' plaster," as lie calls
bread and butter. Coffee, more than anything else, is what
beggar, even the l azy one, starves to death in our country.
I know very well that people do not realize this, and that
they feed tramps regularly, laboring under the delusion
that i t is only humane to do so. But although the tram p
bates honest labor, he hates starvation still more, and if he
finds it impossible to find anything to eat, he will either
go to jail or work. He loves this world altogether . too
much voluntarily to explore another of which he knows
so little.
IV.
The clothes of the "poke-out " beggar are not m uch, if
any, better than his food. I n summer he seldom has more
than a shirt, a pair of t rousers, a coat, some old shoes, and
a battered hat. E ven i n winter be wears little more,
especially if he goes South. I have never seen h i111 w i th
u nder-clothes or socks, and an overcoat is something he
almost never .g ets hold of, unless he steals one, which is
by no means common.
While I lived with him I wore these same " togs. " I
shall never forget my first tramp suit of clothes. The
coat was patched in a dozen places, and was nearly three
sizes too large for m e ; the vest was torn in the back, and
had but two buttons; the t rousers were out at the knees,
and had to be turned up in London fashion at the bottom
to keep me from tripping ; the hat was au old DerbJ' with
the crown dented i n n umerous places; and the only decent
thing I bad was a flannel shirt. I purchased this rig of
an old Jew, and thought that it would be j ust the thing
for the road, and so it was, but only for the " poke-out "
tra111p's road. The hoboes laughed at me and called m e
" hoodoo," and I never got i n with them in any such garb.
Nevertheless, I wore it for nearly two months, and so long
as I associated with lazy beggars only, it was all right.
Many of them were never dressed so well, and not a few
envied me my old coat.
It is by no means uncommon to see a " poke-out "
v agabond wearing some sort of garment w hich belongs
to a woman's wardrobe. He is so indifferent that he will
wear anything that will shield bis nakedness, and I have
known him to be so lazy that h e did not even do that.
One old fellow I remember particularly. He had lost
h is shirt somehow, and for almost a week went about
with only a coat between his body and the world at large.
Some of h i s pals, although they were of his own class,
told him that he ou1tht to. find another one, and the more
he delayed it. the �more tliey labored with him. One
night they were all gathe1'€d together at a ' ' hang · out •··x
not far from Lima, Ohio, and the old fellow was told that
u n less h e found a shirt that night they would take away
his coat also. He begged and begged, but they were de
termined, and as he did not show any intention of doing
as he was bidden, they relieved h i m of his j acket. And
all that night and the following day he was actually so
lazy and stubborn that he would not yield, and would
probably be there still, in so\ne form or other, had his pals
not relented and returned him the coat. As I said, he
went for nearly a week without finding a shirt, and not
once did he show the least shame or embarrassment. Just
at present I understand that he is in l i mbo, wearing the
famous " zebra "--the penit.e ntiary dress. It is not pop11lar among tramps, and they 'seldom wear it, but I fed that
that old rascal, in spite of tile disgrace and inconvenience
that his confinement brings upon h i m , is tickled indeed
that he is,·n ot bound to find- his own clothes.
Such are the ' ' poke-ou t " tramps in every country where
I have st11died them, and such they will always be. They
are constit11tionally incapacitated for any successful ca
reer in v agabonda!!e, and the wonder is that they live at
all. Properly speaking they have no connection with the
real brotherhood, and I sho11ld not have referred to them
here, except that the public m i stakes them for the genuine
hoboes. They are not hoboes, and nothing angers the lat
ter so much as to be classed with them. The hobo is an
exceedingly proud fellow in l1is way, and if you want to
every man of his kind wants early in the
morning. After sleeping out-of-<;loors or
in a box-car, especially during the colder
months, he is stiff and chilled, and coffee
is the thing to revive h i m when he cannot
get w hiskey, which is by no means the
easiest thing to beg. I h ave known
tramps to drink over six cups of coffee
STUDY IN OVERCOATS.
ere they looked for anything solid, and I
myself have often needed three before I
could eat anything.
consists
al most ·
The dinner of the lazy beggar is a very slim affair. It
entirely of " liand is either a free lunch in a saloon, or a hand-ont. This
outs " or '' poke latter consists mainly of sandwiches, but now and then a
out�, " ,,,Jiich are cold potato wi]I be put i nto the bundle too, and occasion
nothing lrnt bun ally p ie is also thrown in. After the tramp has had one
dles of cold food or two of these impro m pt u lunches he persuades h i mself
handed out at the that he has enough, and goes off for a rest. How often
back door.
but on account of bash ful ness, rather than anything else
Every man on have I done the same thin g ! And what poor dinners
the road takes they were! They no more satisfy a tramp's appetit e
* The u hang-out II is the tramp'f; hotel. Sometimes it i� t.he railway
sides, one way or t h a n they would a lion's, b u t the lazy fellow tries t o per, sand-house
aud watering.tank, sometimes a little camp in the hushes
another, i n regard suade h imself that they do. I once overheard him dis alo11gside the track, and at otheL' times a Jodg-iug-honse, a �aloon, or
to these two sys cussing the matter with h imself, or rather with his h unger, any uook or corner where he cau make himself at home.
tems of feeding, which, for the sake of argument and companionship, h e
and h is standing looked upon a s a personality quite apart. He h a d just
in the brother finished a slim and slender hand-out, had tossed into the
hood is regulated bushes 1 he paper bag that held it together, and, ,vhen I
by his choice. If saw him, was looking u p into t h e sky in a most confiden
h e joins the " set- tial manner. Soon, and as if sorry that he could not be
down " class h e kinder to it, he cast his eyes pityingly on his paunch , and
i s considered a t said, i n a sad tone :
least a true hobo. a n d although h e may have enemies,
' ' Poor devil ! I feel fer ye - bet cher l ife I do. But
they will not dare to speak ill of his begging powers. If, ycr'll have to stand it, I guess. It's the only way I k now
.
on the other hand, he allies h i msel f with the lazy crowil , · fer y e to git along. " Then h e patted it gently, a n d re
he not only loses all prestige among the genuine hoboes, peated again his sympathetic " poor devil." But not
but is continually in danger of tumbling down into the once did he scold himself for his laziness. No, indeed !
very lowest grades of tramp life. There is no middle He never does.
course for him to follow.
His supper is very similar to his dinner, except that h e
tries n o w and t h e n t o wash it d o w n with a c u p of tea or
IL
coffee. Later in the evening he also indulges in another
Success i n vagabondage depends largely on distinct hand-out, u nless he is on a freight-train or far from t he
and indispensable trnits of character-dil igence, patience. abodes of lllen. Such is the diet of the lazy tramp, and,
. " nerve," and politeness. If a tramp lacks either one of stnwge to relate, despite its u n wholesomeness and its
these qualities he is handicapped, and will have a hard me01greness, h e i s a comparatively healthy fellow, as are
time in getting on. He needs diligence in order to keep almost all tramps. Sickness is h ardly known among
h is winnings up to a certain standard ; he needs patience them, and it is one of their superstitions that they cannot
to hel p through d istricts where charity is below par ; he die a natural death. The majority of them are killed on
needs n erve to give h i m reputation among h is cronies, the rail ways, or die i n hospitals from accidents. Their
and he needs politeness to w i n his way w ith strangers, endurance, especially that of the " poke - out " tramps, is
and draw their sympathy and hel p. If he possesses these something really remarkable. I have known them to live
characteristics, no matter what his nationality may be, he on " wind puddin ' , " as they call air, for over forty-eight
will succeed. If not, he would better work than tramp, hours without becoming excessively excited, and there
for he will find it m uch easier and twice as profitable. are cases on record where they have gone for four and five
The " poke-out " beggar is deficient in every one of these days without anything to eat or drink. and have lived to
qualities, and his own winnings illustrate the fact.
tell the tale. A man with whom I once travelled in Penn
I first macle h is acquaintance about seven years ago. I sylvania did this very thing. He was locked into a box
had just begun my life o n the road, and as I knew but car which was shunted off on an u nu sed side-track a long
very l ittle about tramping and nothing about begging, it distance from any house or place where his cries could be
was only natural that I shonld fall in w ith him, for h e is heard. He was i n 1 he car for nearly one h undred and
the first person one meets i n vagabondage. The success twenty hours, and although almost dead when found, he
ful beggars do not show themselves immediately, and the picked up i n a few days, and before long was on the road
new-comer m ust first give some valid evidence of h is right again . I saw him at the Columbian World's Fair, and
to live among them ere they take him in-a custom, hy he was j ust as healthy and happy in his o w n way as ever.
the-way, which shows that tramping is much like other
In some of the sparsely settled districts i n Texas tramp�
p rofessions. But the " poke-out " tramp is not so partic have suffered most awfu l deaths by such accidents, bu t
ular ; he chums with any one he can, successful or not, so long as he keeps h is freedom I do not believe that any
A TYPE.
753
�H ARPER'S W
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POLO AT THE ROOKAWAY HUNTING CLUB-" OUT OF BOl
�HARPER'S W EEKLY
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BOUNDS ."-DRAWN BY
T. DE THULSTRUP.-[SEE " A:MATECR SPORT."]
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
offend him, cal l him a " gay cat." or a " poke-outer. " He
w ill never forgive you.
v.
Almost the first advice given me after I had managed
to creep into the " set - down " class came from an old
vagabond known among his cronies as Portland Fraxy.
He knew that I was but a short time on the road, and
that in many respects I had not met with the success
which was necessary to entitle me to respect among men
of bis class, but, nevertheless, he was willing to give me n
few " pointers," which, by-the-way, all hoboes are glad to
do if they feel that the recipient will turn them to profit.
I met Fraxy for the first time in Chicngo, and w hile we
were lounging on the grass in the Lake Front Park, the
following con versation took place:
" Cigarette, " he began-for I had already received my
tramp name-" how long 'v' ye been on the road ?"
I replied, " About two months. "
" \Vaal, how long d' ye 'spcct to stay there?"
" Oh, 's long 's I'm happy . "
" Ez long c z yer happy, eh? vVell, then, I ' m goin' ter
chew the rag wid ye for a little while. Now, 'f yer wants
tcr be happy, here's a little ad vice fer ye. In the first place,
make up yer mind jes wha' cher goin' ter be. Ef ye 'spect
to work fer yer livin', why, get off the road. l\'loochin'
spiles work.in' jes ez workin' spiles moochin'. Tile two
don't go together nohow. So 'f yer goin' ter be a bnm fer
life, never think o' work. Jes give yerself entirely to yer
own speshul callin', fer 'f ye don't yer'II regret it. 'N the
second place, ye wan' ter decide what kind o' beggar yer
goin' ter make. Ef yer a �hief, 'n' playin' beggar simply
sider his breakfast complete until he had had his usnal
piece of apple pie. And he actually had the " nerve " to
go to houses and ask for that alone. During our com
panionship, which lasted over a week, he failed but once
to get it, and then it was because he had to make a train.
The dinner is n more elaborate affair, and the tramp
must often visit a number of houses ere he finds the vari
ous dishes he desires. I remember well a hunt I lrnd
for a dinner in St. Louis. A Western tramp was my com
rade at the time, and we had both decided upon our bill
of fare. He wanted meat and potatoes, " punk 'n' plas
ter," some kind of dessert (pudding preferred), and three
cups of coffee. I wanted the same things minus the des
sert, and I had to visit fifteen houses ere my appetite was
satisfied. But, as my companion said, the point is that I
finally got my dinner. He too was successful, even to
the kind of pudding he wished.
Not all tramps are so particular as my ·western pal, but
they must have the " sulJstanshuls " (meat and potatoes
and bread - and - lluttcr) anyhow. Unless they get t hem
they are mad, and scold everything and everybody. I
once knew a vagabond to call clown all sorts of plagues
and miseries on a certain house because he could not get
enough potatoes there. He prnyed that it might be cursed
with small-pox, all the fevers that he knew, and every
loathsome disease-and he meant it, too.
There arc a large number of ho\Jocs who occasionally
take their dinners i n the form of what they call '' the
made-to-order-scaff." It is something they h ave i_n vented
themselves, and for many reasoos is their happiest meal.
It takes place at the hang-out, and a more appropriate
environment could not be found. WJ1en the scaff is on
SUPPER
as a guy, why then ye knows yer bizness better'n I do.
But ef ye ain't, 'n' are j es browsin' round, lookin' fer a
berth, then I wants to tell yer somethin'. Tllere's diff'reot
kinds o' lleggars; some gets there, 'n' some doesn't. T!Jem
what gets there I call arteests, 'n' them what doesn't I
call ban'crupts. Now wlrn' chew goin' ter be, arteest or
-. ·ban'crupt?"
I replied that I was still undecided, since I had not yet
l earned whether I could mnke a success 011 the road or
not, but added that my inclination would be toward the
'' arteest " class.
" That's right," he began afresh. " Be an arteest or
nothin'. Beggin's a great bizness 'f yer cut out fer it,
'cause ye've got everything to win 'n' nothin' ter lose.
Not mnny callin's has them good points-see? Now 'f
yer goin' ter be an arteest ye .wants ter make up yer mind
to one thing, 'n' that is-hard work. Some people thinks
that moochin' 's easy, but lemme tell ye 'tain't. Batterin',
when it's done well, is the difficultest job under the moon
-take my tip fer that. Ye got ter work hard all yer life
to make boodle, 'n' 'f ye wan' ter save it, ye mus'n't booze.
Drink in' 's what spiles bums. If they c'u'd leave it alone
they'd be somethin'. Now, Cig, that's good sound talk,
'n' you'd better hang on to it. "
I did, and it helped me as much as anything else i n
getting in with the real hoboes. And for s i x o f the eight
months during which I sojourned in vagabondage I l ived
with them entirely, and feel abundantly qualified to de
scribe their diet and dress.
VI.
In the first place, they cat three good warm meals every
day - breakfast from seven to eight o'clock, dinner at
twelve, and supper .at six. These are the ' ' set-downs "*
i n tramp life, and it is the duty of every " professional "
to find tllem regularly. The breakfast is very similar to
the " poke - out " tram p's brenkfast, the main additions
being oatmeal and " pancakes," if the beggar is willing to
look for them. They can IJe found with a l ittle persever
ance. There are also some hoboes who want pie for
breakfast, and they have it almost constantly. I once
travelled w ith a i'l'Iaine tramp who simply would not con• In Germany and England the trnmps usually eat their " set
clowns " in cheap restaurnnt.s or at lodging-hom�es. rrhey beg money
to pay for them, rather than look for them at privat.e houses.
the programme the vagabonds gather together and decide
who shall beg the meat, the potatoes, the onions, t he
corn, the bread-and-butter, the tea and coffee, and the des
serts, if they are procurable. Then each one starts out
on his separate errand, and if all goes well they return be
fore long and hand their wionings over to the cook. This
official, meanwhile, has collected the firewood and the old
tin cans for frying and boiling the food. While the meal
is cooking the tramps sit around the fire on the stolen
railway ties and compare jokes and experiences. Pretty
soon dinner is announced, and they IJegin. They have
no forks and often no knives, llut that does not matter.
" Fiogers were made before forks. "
Sometimes they sharpen little sticks and use them,
but fingers are more popular, The table manners of
the Eskimos compare favorably with those of these pic
nicking hoboes, and I have often seen a tramp eat meat
io a way that would bring a dusky blush to the cheek of
the primeval Alaskan . It is remarkable, h owever, that
no matter how carelessly they may eat their food, they
seldom have dyspepsia. I have known only a few cases,
aud even then the sufferers were easily cured.
Supper is seldom much of a meal among hoboes, and
mainly because it has to be looked for, during a large part
of the year, j ust about dark, the time when the hobo is
either preparing his night's hang-out, or making arrange
ments for his night's journey, and the h unt for supper
often occasions u npleasant delays. But he nevertheless
looks for it if he can possibly spare the time. He con
siders it his bounden duty to eat regularly, and feels
ashamed if he neglects to do it. I have seen h i m scold
himself for an hour j ust because he failed to get a meal
at t!Je proper time, although he renlly did not care for it.
Boheminn that he is, he still respects times and seasons,
which is the more surprising since in other matters he is
as reckless as a fool. In quarrels, for example, he regards
neither sense nor custom, and has his own private point
of view every time. But at the very moment that be is
plnnning some senseless and u seless fight, he will look for
a meal as conscientiously as the laborer works for one,
although he may not need it.
For supper be usually has j ust about what other people
have-potatoes (usually fried) and beefsteak, tea or coffee,
bread - an d - butter, and some kind of sauce. For three
months of my time on the road I had almost exactly t his
756
bill of fare, and uecame so accustomed to it that I was
considerably surprised if I found anything else. I men
tion these various items to show how closely the tramp's
" hot diet " resembles that of most people. A great mis
take is made in thinking that these meu as a class have to
eat things both uncommon and peculiar. Some of them
do, hut nil of the " set-downers " eat just about what the
respectable and worthy portion of the comtnunity eats.
In Pennsylvanin, " the fattenin'-up State,"·X- or P. A . , as
the hollo calls it, apple-butter is his chief delicacy. I
have seen him put it on his brearl, meat, and potatoes,
and one beggar thnt I knew wanted it " raw. " I linp
pened to be w i th this man one afternoon in the town of
Bethlehem, and while we were sitting on a little bridge
crossing the canal on the outskirts of the town, a Penn
sylvania Dutchman hove in sight_ My pal, being a beg
gar who liked to improve every opportunity, immediatclv
•
said to me, in a professional sort of voice,
" Keep quiet, Cig, 'n' I'll tackle 'im."
The man soon passed us, and the beggar followed. He
caught up with him i n a moment. anrl as I had also fol
lowed, I mnnaged to overhear a part of tile conversation.
It was something like this:
'' I say, boss, can cher gimme the price of a meal?"
" Nein, dat kann ich nit."
" Vi7 ell, can ye take me home 'n' feed me?"
" Nein.''
" Well, sny ; can cher gimme a cigar?"
" Nein "-in madness.
" Well, say," aud he put his arm affectionately on the
Dutchman's shoulder, " let's go 'n' have a drink. Eh?"
" Nein . "
' ' Well, you ole hoosier, you, can y e gimme some apple
butter?"
Even the Dut.chmnn laughed, but he said " No. "
" Well, go home, then, you ole fool, you , " said the
t ramp.
Besides the three meals which every h obo has regularly,
there are also two or three lunches a day, which are in
cluded in the " hot diet," although they practically belong
to the cold one. The first is taken in the morning alJout
ten o'clock, and is begged at breakfast-time, the second
about three or four o'clock, and the third late in the even
ing. Not al l hoboes eat these between-meal " snacks, "
but the majority beg them at any rate, and if they do not
need them, they either throw them away or give them to
some deserving person, often enough a seeker of work.
For alt.hough the tramp hates labor, he does not hate the
true laborer, and if he can ever help him along, he docs it
willingly. He knows only too well that it is mainly the
laboring-man off whom he l ives, and that it is well to do
him a good turn whenever possible. Then, too, the hobo
is a generous fellow, no mat,ter what else lie is, and is al
ways willing to share his winnings with any one he really
l i kes. With the " gay cat " and the " poke-outer " he will
have nothing to do, but with the criminal, his own pals,
and the working-mnn he is always on good terms, unless
they repel his overtures.
As a good many tramps spend considerable t ime in
jails, it seems nppropriate to tell what they eat. there too. .
Their life in l i111llo i s very often voluntary, for although
the majority Glf clever hohocs go Sou t h in winter, there
are others who prefer a jail in the North, and so whatever
hardship t hey encounter is mainly of their own choos
ing . And since some of them do choose j ail fare, it is
evident that those pnrt.icular beggars find it less dirngree
nble than winter life " outside," either North or South.
The usual food in these places is bread, molasses, and
coffee in the morning, some sort of thick soup or meat
and potatoes w i t h llread for dinner, and bread and. molas
ses and. tea for supper. There is generally plenty, also,
and although I have often heard the tramps grumble, it
was mainly because they had nothing else to clo. Con
finement in county prisons, although it hns its d iversions,
tends to make n rnnn captious nnd irritable, and t.he tramp
is 110 exception to this. Occasionally he gets into a jail
where only two meals a day are given, and he must then
exercise h is fortitude. He never intends to be in such u
place, but mistakes will happen even in vagabondage, and
it is most interesting to see how the tramp gets out of them
or endures them. He usually grits his teeth and " prom
ises never to do it again "; and considering his self- indul
gent nature, I think he stands suffering remarkallly well.
VII.
What the " hot-diet " tramp wears is another matter,
hut a not vastly different one. His ambition, although h e
does not always achieve it, i s to have n e w " togs " quite as
regularly as the man who IJuys them with hard cash. He
also tries to keep up with the fashions nod. seasons as
closely as possible.
But all this must naturally lie regulated by the charity
o f the community in which h e happens to be. If he is
near some college, and knows how to beg of the students.
he can usually find just whnt and nbout all he needs, but
if he is in a country district where clothes are worn down to
the thread, he is in bad case. As a rule. however, he dresses
nearly as well as the day-laborer, and sometimes far bet
ter. There are tramps of this type in New York and
Chicago whose dress is almost identical with that of t he
majority of the men one meets in the streets, and to dis
tinguish them from the crowd requires an eye able to
read their faces rather than their coats. Such men never
allow their clothes to wear beyond a certain point before
begging n fresh supply. And if they are careful , and do
not ride in freight-trains very much, a suit will last them
several months, for they understand remarkably well how
to take care of it. Every tramp of this order and grade
carries a brush inside his coat pocket, and uses it on the
slightest provocation. On the road I al,o acquired this
liabit of brushing my clothes as often as they showed the
slightest soil. It is a trick of the trnde, and saves not only
the clothes, but the self-respect of the llrotherhood.
Dark clothes are the most popular, because they keep
clean, or at least appear so, for the longest time. I once
wore a suit of this kind for nearly three months, and al
though I used it rather roughly, it was so good at the encl
of that time that I traded it to a tramp for a coat and
vest almost new. The way to make sure of having a
* It is most interesting to talk with Eastern trnmps in the West who
Jr they have been in the West Jong, and look
they invariably reply : " Gosh ! P. A., o' course. We wa11t.s ter fatten
up, we does." Aud there is no better place fof \\l\� t\\nn Pennsylvania.
are homeward ho1111d.
rather " seedy," an<l you nsk them where they are going t o in the Efl�t,
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
serviceable snit is to gather together several coats, vests, confiscated too, but they got others the minute they m e ! M:y plate was not once empty,and I ate and nte simply
and trousers, and pick out a complement from the best were released. It sometimes happens, however, that the out of respect to theit: politeness. They m ust have thought
and most suitable of the lot. I shall al ways remember an ' ' shavers " are not discovered , because t he men are not that tramps are terrtble enters, and 1 hope and pray tllnt
experience of this sort that I had in a Western town. I properly searched, and, owing to this lack of careful in not ma.ny will call upon them to the extent that I d id, for
worked all day with my companion simply looking for spection by officials, rows i n jails have often ended seri it would certainly bankrupt them, no matter how rich they
may be. When I was finished they both asked me to rest
clothes, and at night we had six coats, eight vests, four ously.
awhile ere taking up my journey aga i n ; so I sat in their
pairs of trousers, and two overcoats. Out of this collec
VIII.
interesting little sitting-room, and l istened to their tal k ,
t.ion we chose two fairly good suits, but the rest were so
A friend at my elbow, to whom vagabondnge is a terra and answered their questions. Pretty soon, n n d evidently
poor that we had to throw them away. One of the coats
was a clergyman's, and when he gave it to me he said, incognita, remnrks j ust at this junctme, " Yo u ought to thinking tlrnt it would help me to know nbout him, the
" It may not fit you very well, but you can use it ns an tell j ust. how the tramp gets his three · set-dow n ' meals a mother began to tell me of a lad of hers whom she had not
seen i n some time. and as she fancied that b e m ight pos
overcoat., perhaps. " It was too large for me even as that, clay. "
I cau scarcely believe that ill our own country there is sibly have travelled my wny, sllc asked if I hnd not met
and I gave it to the t ramp with me, and he wore it for
nearly a month. His pals laughed at him considerably, any ignorance at this point. The house in the settled dis him. I wanted to tell her that I had, if only to give her
and called h i m " Parson Jim '' ; but he made more money tricts of the U n i ted States that
with that same coat than he could possibly have made i n has not been visited by the tra m p
any other. H e posed as a theological student among the in search o f one of llis three
farmers, and was most royally entertained. But his lnck meals seems to me does not ex
gave out after a w hile, for he went to prison i n his clericnl ist. But if any one needs en
lightenment on this point, the
habi t not long after.
Hohoes take the most delight in what is called the sack following incident will interest
coat. " Tailed jackets " arc inconvenient, especially when him. One June dnv about six
one is rilling t he trucks of a trai n ; the skirts are liahle years ago I strolled i1ito the hang
to catch on something and thus delay matters. It is tlle out in a little town i n Michigan
inside of a tramp's coat, llowever, that is most interesting. j ust as the bells were ringing for
It is usually furnished w i th numerous pockets, one of dinner. I was a perfect stranger
them being called the " poke - out " pocket, in which he i n the place, and as I wanted to
stows nway h is l unches. The others are used for brushes, find my dinner as quickly as
tattooing tools, combs, white rags, string, and other little possible, in order to make a
notions that may " come handy " to a traveller. But i n " freigh t " that was d u e about
none o f the pockets w i l l their ever b e found o n e bit o f two o'clock, I asked one of the
paper which might identify the bearer o r implicate him tramps at the camp whether he
in any suspicious work. He is too foxy to ever allow knew of any " mark "* in the
his real name to crop out in nny telltale evidence on his town.
" vVell there ain't many " lie
person, except., perhaps, he may have been foolish enough
replied. '" Town's too smali and
to have it tattooed somewhere o n his body.
He is proudest of his hat and shoes, and with reason. the people's too relij us. The
The former is usually a blnck soft felt, but stiff hats are best is that big college building
also a la mode, and I have even seen a " stove-pipe " on np there on the hill, but they
the road. It was unique, however, nnd the owner did ain't nlwnys willin' even there.
" IT 'l'AKES A PRETTY FOXY llLOKE TO KNOW WIIA'l' MOODS THEY IS IN."
a good business with it; his clients used to feed him sim · They go by fits. _If they's in the .
ply on account qf his oddity. The foot-gear consists gen mood, they feeds ye, 'n' 'f they
erally of laced sj1oes, but boots have to IJe accepted now nin't, they sicks the dog on ye ;
and then. Sock�. nlthough considerably in vogue, often an' it takes a pretty foxy f>loke to know what moods a mite of com fort, hut I knew that i t would he more cruel
yield to wh ite l inen rags wound smoothly around the they is in. I struck 'em oncet when I felt rlcnd sure thnu tlle truth, and I said " I was afraid we had not met."
feet. This is particularly true among the tramps of Ger they was in the k'rect one, 'n', by the hokey-pokey, I Then she spoke of certain fentures of face nnd fortune
many. They have long walks, and contend thnt socks hap to look fer a new coat 'for' I left the town-blasted that we had in commou; and asked the girl if she did 11ot
chafe the feet too much. There is a deal of truth in this, mean dog they got there. But there's nnother place not think so.
" Yes," Dorothy replied, " he reminds me of Sam-jnst
and while I lived w ith them I followed their custom to the far from the old red lmilclin' where any bloke kin scaff i f
extent of wenring the rags next to my feet and then draw lie gi ves t h e right song ' n ' dance. It's No. 13 Grove :ihout the same build too. "
I could not stand this, nnd told them I must he on my
ing the socks over �hem. And I was very l it tle troubled Street. Great ole squaw lives there-feeds everybody she
w ith sore feet whil!J I did so : the one week I tried to go cau-sort o' bnghouse [crazy] on the subject, ye know way. As I was leaving, the old lady asked me if I would
likes t o talk 'bout her Jimmy 'n' all that sort o' stuff. be offended if she gave me a little book. " Of course not, "
without them I suffered considerably.
Overcoats are worn by those hohoes ·w ho go Sou t h in Dead cinch, she is. Better hit her up 'n' take a feed. I replied; and she fetched me a conventional little tract
about a prodigal son. I thanked her, and then she advised
winter. but the tramps who spend the cold months in jail Yer bound to get a good ole set-down."
I followed his ad vice, and was soon at the back door of me to visit a certain lawyer in the town, w ho, she mid, was
do not need them, and if they beg any they usually sell
them. Under-clothes in some form or other are worn all No. 13 Grove Street. I n answer to my knock there ap in need of n helper, and tllat I might there find n chance
the time, not so much for warmth ns clennliness. Even peared a motherly-looki n g old lady who wanted to know for an education without looking further. And as i f to
the cleaner halJoes cannot keep entirely free of vermin, what she could do for me. What a tale I told her ! Ancl p rove my right to such employment, while standing on the
and they wear under-clothes to protect their outer gar how kind she looked as I relnted my sad experiences as n porch hy her side, she laid her motherly hnml on my head,
ments, changing them ns often as they can, and throwi n g young fellow trying to work his way to a distant town, and said to Dorothy, �dth a gratified smile on her kindly
where_l1e hoped to !ind friends who would help ltim into face,
awny or burning t h e discnrded pieces.
" The lad has an intelligent hend-something like Sam's.
The tram p's shirt is always a flannel one, if he can find college.
' ' Come right in ; we are j ust at tnhle." Then she cnl lcd Don't you think so?''
it, and very often lie wears two, either for the sake of
Both looked sadly nncl almost solemnly in earnest, and I
trade or to keep warm. Other garments nre doubled to her daughter Dorothy, n pretty lass, a nd told her to lay
also, and one finds men wearing two coats, two vests, and a plate for a stranger. She nncl the girl were the only stole away, hoping never to see them again u n t i l I should
two pairs o f trousers. It is hy no means uncommon to persons in the house. and I was somew hat_ smprised that know where their Sam might be found. I have looked
see n tramp w ho wenrs linen and cotton shirts, with two they took me in so willingly. w· omen, as a rule. are nfraid for him on many a road since that June clay, always w ith
or three layers on his back. As one becomes soiled he of tramps, and prefer to feed them on the llack steps. But the determi nation that no other " w andering boy " shou l d
throws it nway, and so on until the three are discnrcled. I had evidently fonnd an exception. for when I Imel wash hear from m e of t h i s kind mother's hospi tality, a n d I hope
There is one more indispensable article of a tram p's toilette, ed my hands and face and combed my hair ou the little they have him now, for they certainly deserve surcease of
and it is called " the shaver. " This is a razor encased i n porch, I wns i nvited into the cozy dini ng-room, and offer sorrow on h is account.
There arc people l ike this in every town, and it is the
n l ittle sack, generally leather, which he hangs around his ed a place beside the hostess. How odd it seemed ! I al
neck with a string. IL is used for fighting and shaving, and most felt at home, and had to he on my guard to keep u p tramp's talent to find them, and " w hen fou nd make a
is very good as a " guy " for getting iuto jnil. I saw how m y role n s a vagabond. For it was certainly a tempta note on. " He thus becomes a pnripatetic d i rectory for
this was done one day i n western Pennsylvania. The time tion to relieve myself then and there, aud have nn old-time the tramp world, which l ives on the wo1 king world at n
was lnte October, ancl three tramps who came into town de chat on respectable l ines. I had been so long on the roar! cost which it is worth w hile to consider.
cided that the locnl j ni l would be a good place in which to that I was really i n need of some such comfort, -bu t I
IX.
spend the winter. They wanted n n inety-day sentence, dared not take advantage of it. So I answered their ques
Thnt tramps nre expen ive no one will deny, but how
and knew they could not get it for simple drunkenness; tions about my home, my parents, and my plans as pro
so they decided to pretend drunk and make a row in order fessionally as I could, nnd spnn my story, not entirely of much so it is difficult to decide. I have t ried t o show that
to be sentenced on two charges. They began their brawl fiction, however, and thev smiled and looked solemn as the a large number of them eat nncl wear th i n gs which cer
in the main street, and flourished their r�zors in good occasion fitted. They seemed to take n grent interest i n taiuly cost somebody considerable money, but a cnreful
style. The officers nrrested them after a little fight made m y doings, and n lwnys had a word o f sympathy o r advice census of the vagabond population alone can estimate the
for appearance' sake,and the j udge gave them four months, for predicaments which I fabricated. And how they fed amount. No one can tell exactly what this tramp popu
lation n umbers, but I think it safe to say that there are
thirty days more tllan they expected. Their razors were
* A honse where sometlling is alwnys given to .beggars.
not less than fifty thousand in this country, including " the
blanket stiffs, " " the gay cats," and " the city vags," and
should not be at all surpriser!, if a census could be taken
in the current year, if a much larger concession would be
: }fb�"\
made. Every man of this number, as a rule, eats some
/ :/f.-/ ,,
thing twice a dny, and the majority eat three good meals.
They all wear some sort of clothing, and the most of them
rather respectable clothing. They all .drink l iquor, prob
ably each one a glass of wlliskey n day. They all get into
}'
jail once in a while, nnd eat and dri nk there j ust ns much
at the expense of the community as elsewhere. They all
chew and smoke tobacco, and all of them spend some of
their time in lodging-houses. How much nil this repre
sents in money I cannot . tell, but I believe that the ex
penses I have enumerated, together with the costs of con
viction for vagrancy, drunkenness, and crime, wi l l easily
mount up into the millions. And all that the country can
show for this expenditure is an idle, llomeless, nncl useless
class of individuals called tramps. Is it not time to put
tlle money invested in vagabonds to a better use?
-�':.-
IGNORANCE AND KNOWLEDGE.
" NO. 13 GROVE STREE'l'."
757
ONCE, standing on a lovely dewy shore,
I thought 'twas stillness made its benuty sweet ;
But looking close, I found it sti ll 110 more :
The very dragon-flies skimmed at my feet.
The willows kissing the dark water's edge
Tossed at their sunny tops to green and gold;
The stealthy river glided to t he ledge,
Where rocky dams its timid haste controlled.
'Twas pasr.ing glad, the silly smiling s t ream,
To m urmur answers to the wh ispering trees.
Turtles and flowers were glnd to sun and d ream ,
T o l i ve , t o grow, t o drink the sweet wood breeze.
So .all knew notlling of ·the longing stri fe
That goads the heal't and spurs :the quivering life.
E. C. S. M:.
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
OFF FOR CHINA.
BY KIRK MUNROE.
NoT least interesting among the many tourist sights of
San Francisco is the sailing of one of the great Pacific
mail . steamships for China and Japan. Three · o·c1ock
P.M. is the announced time of departure, but for hours
previous the h uge shed covering the Brannan Street
wharf is thronged with a motley crowd of h umanity,
such as can be gathered in no other city. Most promi
nent, because most numerous, are ulue-bloused Chinese
lauorers, h undreds of whom, having accumulated a com
petence-three hundred dollars or thereabout-in laun
dries. fruit orchards, or hop-fields, in ' placer-mining, the
building of railroads, or the digging of weary miles of
irrigating ditches, return to their native laud by every
steamer. Accompanied by other hundreds of envious
friends, who wish that they too were ready to exchange
the purgatory. of Western uarbarism for lives of opulent
leisure in the Flowery Kingdom, these eager travellers
swarm down from Chinatown in express wagons or truck�,
u ntil the lower end of the shed in the vicinity of the
steamer's forward gangway is thronged with them.
Their q 11eer - looking I uggage, packed in tea - chests,
matting, oiled cloth, or shiny black uags, to which arc
generally attached one-or more pieces of tin kitchen-ware
that John carries home as souvenirs of America, is taken ·
from them as they near the gangway, and slid down a
Jon!!,' plank into a yawning opening in the steamer's side.
As the uewildered owners anxiously watch it disappear,
or perhaps make futile attempts to follow it, they are
roughly shoved aside, and soon fi nd themselves irresisti
bly drawn into a slow-moving, perspiring stream of their
fellows, who are being gradually ausorued into a series of
railed cnclosmes resembling sheep-pens. Each of these
contains a taule, at which are seated men of judicial as
pect providccl with blank books, and papers printed in
both English and Chinese characters. A n umber of these
men are Chinese representatives of the Six Companies,
who are on hand to see that the would-be traveller does
not leave the country without having paid the various
assessments to which he is liable, as well as all debts
owed to his fellow-conntrymen.
Long ere this, John has accumulated, from one source
or another, a great number of papers, protective and re
strictive, perhaps certificates of baptism, marriage, vacci
nation, and moral character, or their Chinese equivalents,
and at the various tables one or more of these are demanded
for inspection. In each case the bewildered victim of red
tape hands over the lot, as much as to say : " There they
are, gentlemen ; take your choice. It's all one to, me."
The pens are connected by little alleys, barely wide enough
for one person to pass through at a time, and after ueing
hustled t hrough a succession of these; John finally reaches
the most angust tribunal of all, two \vhite men in blue uni
forms and brass buttons, who, with their official interpreter,
represent the United States government. To these po
tentates the suspected individual-for all Chinamen are
suspected of something-makes a humble surrender of
his entire stock of documents, all of which save one are
scornfully ignored. By this one he is either proved to
have a legal existence or not to be himself at all; for, be
sides an attached photograph, which rarely looks the least
like him, it contains a minute description of his personal
appearance. This is slowly read, item by item, while its
corresponding features are identified hy ouservation.
At Jeno-th even this ordeal is safely passed, and with a
great sigh of relief, thrusting bis crumpled bundle of papers
into an innermost recess of his garments as he goes, John
starts gayly up the gang-plank, only to be halted when
half-way to the vessel by another official, who demands
his ticket. Of comse this has ueen entirely forgotten
amid the many anxieties of the past hour, and must now
be searched for with feverish trepidation. Ont come all
the certificates and other documents, but this new and
most inflexible representative of dreaded authority will
have none of them. A ticket only will satisfy him.
When at length the ticket is discovered and produced,
and John finds himself really on board the ship, he stands
gasping for a moment, ,in a daze, much like an animal
long caged and unexpe�tedly set free. Then some one
shoves him out of the way, and, awakening to bis sur
roundings, he dives below, where on the main-deck he
finds a great pile of luggage surrounded by a swarm of
his follow ulue-blouses, each of whom is striving to locate
his per�onal belongings, and recover them from the appar
ently inextricaule tangle. By-and-by even this is accom
plished, and, solaced by a cigarette, John sits him down
to watch with a saturnine grin the trials of those who are
still undergoing what he has just undergone.
On the wharf, threading back and forth through the
throng, he sees shrewd-faced Chinamen, who keep up an
incessant jingling of handfuls of silver dollars. These
are brokers, who will excliange thirty-two Mexican dol
lars for thirty of the United States variety. As uoth pass
at their par value in Chi_na, John reflects that by neglect
ing this opportunity he is throwiug away at least twenty
dollars, and hastens to regain the wharf in order to cor
rect this oversight. He is frustrated in this endeavor by
stony-hearted officials, who sternly order him back ; and
thus he discovers that while it was difficult to board the
ship, it is infinitely more so to leave her. So he is com
pelled to hire one of the Chinese steerage stewards, whose
badge of office, in the shape of a white apron, enaules him
to pass freely to and fro, to effect the desired exchange for
him, and by this transaction his business relations with
the Western world are terminated.
At the upper encl of the wharf, in the vicinity of the
main gangway, is a far different scene, though one of
equal interest and bustling activity. · Carriages are con
tinually dashing up and departing. Fi·om them alight
slim Japanese ladies and gentleme1;1 dressed in the very
latest Parisian styles, swarthy East Indians suggestive of
princes travelling incog. , globe-trotters in deer-stalker hel
mets, new and nervous attaches of legation venturing in
u ntried paths, veteran diplomats return in� to familiar posts
of dnty, naval officers ordered to the Asiatic st.ation, rnis
siouaries who hold farewell prayer-meetings, tuneful and
tearful, i n secluded corners of the snowy promc11ade
dcck, and, deftly slipping through the restless crowds,
dozens of trig little Japanese stewards uearing boxes, bags,
rugs, chairs, and other paraphernalia of ocean travel.
A sudden bmst of color, a rustle of soft silks, and a
murmur of polite voices proclaim the presence of some
home-retu rning Cl!inese ma11darin of high rank. with his
gorgeous retinue, and the equally brilliant company of
resident officials or wealthy merchants who have come
to pay their farewell respects. Each of 1 hcse, when ad
dressed uy another, bows with a fixed smile, shakes his
own hands most cordially, and replies in courtly phrase.
Besides the richness and bca11ty of the silken vestments
worn by these high-caste Chinese, their round visorless
caps are decorated w ith a bewi ldering variety of uuttons,
and their skirts are adorned with exqnisilely embroidered
devices that are meaningless to the u ninitiated spectator,
until he is told that they are indicative of rank and social
position.
Th11s a mandarin of the first rank is entitled to wear a
coral-red button, while the secoud rank is indicated by
one of crimson, the third uy light blue, the fourth by dark
blne, the fi fth by a button of crystal. the sixth uy one of
opaque while, tlie seventh uy one of yellow, etc. So in
the embroidery on oflkial robes a uird design is typical of
a civil _position, and an animal design of a m ilitary officer.
In these designs the civil' list observes t he following order
of precedence: First in rank comes a l\Ianchoorian crnne;
second, a golden pheasant ; third, a peacock ; fo111th, a
wild-goose ; fi fth, a silver pheasant ; six th, a young egret;
seventh, a quail; eighth, a long-tailed j ay; and ninth, an
oriole. The animals signifying milit ary rnnk in the order
named are a u nicorn, lion, leopard, tiger, ulack bear, wild
cat, mottled bear, seal, and rhinoceros. If these can be
remembered, the interest in watching a group of Chinese
officials is greatly enhanced.
At length the hour for sailing arrives, and with it comes
the concluding ceremony of departure. All the Chinese
on the wharf, always including a number of bareheaded
women with hair drawn smoothly down over temples and
ears, gather at its outer end. From here, as the bow of
the great ship moves slowly past; they toss into the air
quantities of thin brown paper, cut.into three-inch squares,
and each bearing a central square of gold or silver tinsel.
From the ship's deck the departing Chinese voyagers also
scatter to the winds bushels of these money �ymbols,
until the vessel is wellnigh b idden from view by the flut
tering; glinting clond. These offerings are propi1 iatory
of the Storm Devil, and it is hoped that they will pur
chase from him a safe passage over his ocean domain.
A PACIFIC MAIL-STEAMSHIP LEAVING S A.N FRANCISCO FOR CHINA.-DRAWN BY Guy RosE.
758
-)
I
�HARPER'S WEEKLY
A N A R R O W M A R G I N.
W
BY OWEN
H A L L.
E had left Sydney just a month before. It meut, the first of our party, on the top of an iceberg in not precipitous, out on the other the ice-cliff rose abrupt
was my first experience of the sea, aud it the great southern ocean.
and perpendicular. It looked like the front of some vast
I had had the best of the climbing. A long straight cathedral. There ·were arched doorways and traceried
had been an enjoyable one. vYc had seen
the silent cone of Mount Egmont rise from staff of 11ard wood, shaped like a very thin paddle, about windows, buttresses and gables, columns and capitals, all
the ocean, and slowly fade in the distance tlll'ec inches broad at its widest part, and formed at oue carved and hollowed in the crystal ice. The snnlight
behind. w·e had slid along beneath the giant shadows of cud into a flat smooth handle, while at the other it ended blazed and sparkled on the sharp-cut edges and corners,
Mount Cook, towering in white splendor ov.er the western in a pretty sharp point, had been of i mmense assistance and seemed even to be reflected back from the windows in
shore of New Ze,dand. And then we had bid the land fare . to me in cli mbing, so m uch so, i ndeed, that I had easily dis tints of rainbow coloring. Opening upon the valley was
well, and clay after day had plunged deeper and deeper tanced the rest of the party. As I now stood on the sum what looked like a great arclied doorway, and the deep
still iuto the almost unknown waters of the antarctic mit I could see the'm far below me cautiously feeling their shadow that was thrown within gave it the appearance of
way over the rough ascent up which I had come-thanks the .e ntrance to some vast building. I stood for a minute
seas.
Our voyage had been over summer waters. A succession to my Maori staff-with little tronble. It was a glorious or two staring at the scene, half expecting to see it melt
of gentle breezes had carried us southward through smooth scene. On all sides of me the top of the berg stretched away before my eyes, but the longer I looked the more
seas and sunlit waves that even to my landsman's eyes away in heaped-up masses and peaks of ice that flashed real and solid it appeared.
A longing to see it more closely took possession of me.
did not appear rough. There was little to mark our and sparkled in the bright sun. At my feet, but far below,
progress. The flocks of screaming sea-birds that had at lay the blue water, ba1·ely wrinkled by the breeze, and I grasped my staff and made my way clown the slope.
first accompauied us had, indeed, gradually disappeared ; sparkl ing like one vast mirror. Our brig lay becalmed, In four or five minutes I had reached the bottom, and
the slioals of porpoises that had plunged along in our her sails hanging loosely from the yards, her dark shadow looked upwards with a kind of awe at the splendid mass
of building that was of nature's own architeeture. Its
wake had ceased to gambol round us ; a solitary albatross, sleeping on the water at her side.
sailing i n solemn silence overhead-a gigantic snowflake
I shaded my eyes and looked round the horizon. Dot cryst,al walls looked still loftier from below, its sparkling
against the blne of the sky-had for some days been the ted here . and there over the v ast expanse of calm water pillars and delicate arches more wonderful and beautiful.
only sign of life in sky or sea. And at last we had reach there lay the other bergs. One huge albatross hung poised · The great arched doorway was before me, but it stood at
ed the ice.
high in air overhead-a spot of snowy whiteness against least twenty feet a\Jove the bottom of the valley. I lookThe captain had expected it the night before, and so the deep dense blue of the sky. I looked about me. . eel up. The height was not great, and I felt a strong de
when I went 011 deck on that December morning I was Surely amongst these peaks and pinnacles of ice there sire to explore the cave which I felt sure must be behind.
not surprised that the first thing I saw was the huge out must be something worth exploring. Even in the sun I crossed the valley and reached the foot of the ice-wall.
line of an iceberg. I had expected it, but I confess the light standing was cold work. · I would see. The top of Looking round for some way to get up, I fonnd a ledge
beauty and the wonder of its actual appearance were the berg had once, it was evident, been covered deep of ice that ran along the face of the wall and formed a
more than my imagination had anticipated. We had rnn ,vith snow. Most of it had melted and run off in streams, path fully two feet wide, sloping upwards to the en
amongst a group of bergs. and I could count nearly a some of which had cut deep channels in the ice as they trance. I followed it. Treaclin .e: cautiously as I went,
dozen as I stood on deck. The one that lay nearest to us ran off, but here and there in hollows and chasms great · and looking to each footstep, I noticed that the path was
absorbed, however, all my attention. "\,Ve lay almost be masses of it still l ingered. I �1adc my way without much · curiously marked with long sharp marks that ran u p
calmed, within less than half a mile of a mass of gleam difficulty, thanks to my trusty staff, but it engrossed all and down. I looked closely a t them, b u t I could make .
ing ice that towered far above us in cliffs of gray-blue my attention, and I luirdly knew how far I had left my nothing of them, so I climbed on and up till I stood in
crystal. .Above the cliffs were peaks and pinnacles of ice, companions behind. At last I stopped to consider where · the great arched doorway. It was as I had thought.
and in hollows and shelving places patches of dazzling I was. Just before me there rose a ridge of ice, and There was a cave. How large it might be I could . not
above and beyond it I could see what looked like the roof tell, and the dazzling glare of the sun upon the ice made
snow that blazed and glittered in the morning sun.
Our captain was a practical man. He had come for and spires of some great building. I determined to see the shadows w i thin seem almost black I peered into the
whales, and the chief interest which the great iceberg what Jay behind the ridge and then to return to my com · darkness. I tried to distinguish something in the shad
seemed to have for him was that it might serve as a good panions. The ridge was steep, but the distance was short, . ows, but I failed. A stream of clear water ran tinkling
lookout - point. The cliffs before us were formidable, and in a few m i nutes I stood on the top and looked down over the crystal rock and trickled into the valley with a
rising as they did something like three hundred feet at on the strangest sight I had yet seen. I stood on one side soft musical fall. The mystery of the shadowy cavern
the highest point, but the captain had made out one spot of a valley. The snow with w hich it had, no doubt, been held me. I was conscious of a sensation of something
where a landing could be made, and from which in looked filled had melted, and the water had escaped through a like fear, yet I could not turn back without seeing more.
as if the island could be ascended with no very great gorge that opened at one encl and showed a glimpse of I followed the course of the stream. The cave turned
trouble. By uine o'clock we had started. My supposed the sparkling blue sea beyond the ice-wall. Here and suddenly to the right, and grew darker still. :M:y eyes,
delicacy, to which I owed the trip, didn't affect the vigor there frozen remains of the snow -drift still clung to hol however, were getting used to it, and even in that grizzly
of my limbs, and I easily arranged to make one of the lows in the ice, but the bottom of the little valley was ;i.l half-light I began to make out something of the outline of
party. It was thus that I found myself standing, with rnost clear, only ridges and blocks of solid ice remaining. the place. I paused to look at it. The cave was deep,
no little sense of triumph and a very keen sense of enjoy- On tile side where I stood the slope, though steep, was but the same gray light seemed to penetrate to the end.
759
�\.
HARPER'S WEEKLY
As I looked something far back in the darkness seemed to
move. I started. I rubbed my eyes. Yes, something
pid move. It was something gray, something undistin
guishable in the dim gray light. But it stirred, it moved
-it was coming!
For the moment I was paralyzed. It was ali ve; but what
living thing could there be in that place? I trem\Jled in
e very l i m· b as I stood staring stupidly at the moving
darkness before me. At first I could hear nothing but
the loud b�ating of my heart. Then as I listened there
came a soft thud, thud, and t hen a scratching sound came
t.o me out of the darkness. I thought of the scratches ou
the ice path, and then iu a moment I knew. It was a IJear."
I turned and ran for the entrance.
. In a moment I had reacl.led it, yet as I paused an in
stant to make sure o! the downward patll I seemed to
J1ear close ·behind me again the soft thud of that heavy
foot. I didn't look back. I sprang hastily down the ledge
of ice, and again I was in the valley. I glanced round to
see where . I should go. Before me was the slope by w hich
I had come down, but instinctively I felt that I had no
time · to climb it again. I cast one terror-struck glance
round me, and my eye caught the bright flash of the sun
on the blue water at the end of the gorge. I had no time
to think or to reason-barely time enough to turn and 2·un.
As I turned there came a low savage growl ; it was not
very loud, but somehow it made tnY blood rnn cold, and
again I heard on the ice behind me the soft heavy thud,
thud, of the footstep that followed. I didn't dare to look
behind ; I only drew one long breath and sprang forward.
Fortunately the way was smooth. I was a good runner,
and now, if ever, I did my best. The little gorge through
w h ich the melted snow had reached the sea could not have
been more than six hunµred yards off, and I dashed into
and through it w ithout a thought of what there might be
beyond. Fear, overpowering fear, had gripped me and
held me fast; and still as I ran the same strange sicken
ing thud, thud, followed w ith its soft maddening per
sistency.
The ice sloped rapidly through the gorge, and I leaped
rather than ran from ledge to ledge over which the stream
of melting snow had smoothed the path. Before me, and
still far below, there was only the !lashing of the blue ocean ;
on either side the ice walls rose steep and inaccessil.lle ; be
hind came t.he soft heavy footfall of the pursuer. Sud
denly the gorge ended. The ice walls broke off i n sharp
crystal precipices. The stream fell in a succession of
leaps over the ice cliff into the ocean below. By a su
preme effort I checked the speed of my headlong descent
before it was-too late. Involuntarily, and for the first time,
I looked behind me. I had been right. Above me, and
perhaps thirty yards behind, was the bear. H11ge, white,
shaggy, with great red jaws that ga(led partly open and
showed white fangs that glittered in the sun-J·ed eyes
that glared hungrily down upon me-he came on with a
l1eavy unwieldy trot. He carried his head low, and his
neck stretched out in front. I could hear each footfall
on the ice as it fell, soft, yet . ponderous. It was only for
one moment that I looked. In one thing I had !Jeen mis
taken-the sight of my danger didn't paralyze me as I
had expected, but for the moment seemed to render every
sense more acute. To go back was impossible. To stop
was death. To go on was to he dashed to pieces on the
ice cliffs over which the stream was falling w itll a musi
cal roar.
At that moment my eye caup;ht sight of what looked
like a path, turning from the end of the gorge and running
along the precipitous face of t.he cliff. In moments of
extremity thought is rapid, or perhaps it is impulse that
takes its place. Without a moment's hesitation I followed
the path. It was only a ledge of ice jutting 011t from the
cliff, and even at first not more than four feet wide, and it
sloped clown and at t.he same t ime a little outward, so that
I had to use my staff to keep mysel f from falling over the
precipice. At any other time I should have been over
come by giddiness, for at my very feet, though far below,
I could see the ocean glit,tering in the sunlight. Was I
followe,i st ill ? I dared not look behind, and I could no
longer distinguish the sound of his tread, yet, somehow, I
felt s11rc he was following. I pressed on. Every thought
was concentrated on the effort to escape ; e very sense
sti-ained to the u tmost to avoid the dangers of my un
known path. Suddenly the path seemed to end. There
was a sharp angle, and before me there rose only the gray
blue wall of spark ling ice.
My ledge had grown narrower; it could hardly have been
more than three feet wide now. Did it continue beyond
t.Iie corner? Fur a_ 1].10ment I hesitated. Again there
came the deep, low, savage growl I had !ward before.
The bear was behind me still, and not far off. I drove
the sharp point of my staff into a crack at the outer edge
of my path and p11t my foot round the corner. The
ledge- was there still ! As I stood I seemed to overhang
the sea. 'l'he flash and sparkle of the distant watet· came
up to me as I cautiously drew myself round and stood
ori the path beyond. It had undergone no change, but
ran downwards along the face of the cliff as before. I
followed it, but with greater caution, for it was slippery.
I-lifted my eyes from the path for an instant. and there,
in front of me, there, with loose hanginp; sails and deli
cate tracery of masts and rigging, lay our brig almost at
my feet. I could see the deck , the boats, even tlrn sailors
as tliey looked over the side, or leant lazily against the
bulwarks. ' I shouted. For the first time since I had rec
ognized my position of danger the idea of help dawned
upon my· mind. It was hardly a shout, but rather a
s<;renm, for I could hear it echoed back, wild and shrill,
from the ice cliff overhead. They heard ! I could see a
sa_ilor lift bis head and look u pwan;ls, then another, anrl
another. They moved ; I could ·fancy they spoke to each
o�her. My cry was echoed by another growl , fiercer,
nearer, more savage than before. There was no time to
pause. I hurried on.
The path was growing narrower. From three feet it
had shrunk to two. Bnt for my staff. I could hardly have
kept. my 'feet. · A few yards moi:e and it grew narrower
yet. Was it going to stop ? I didn't dare to pause ; I
clldn't venture to lift my eyes frorri the narrow and now
sfippery ledge. I listenert eagerly as I went, but still· I
h urried on. Narrower and narrower. Step by step it
seemed to push m e closer to the overhanging cliff. I
looked on to see how soon it would fail me altogethi,r. My
heart gave one wild leap and then stood still-the encl
hitd come. A few yards ·before me the path seemed to
shriuk almost to nothing, and beyond was what looked
like a little platform upon which the precipice closed in
on every side.
At least I would reach that platform. By an effort I
piloted myself along the narrow track ; by an effort I
reaclied the platf_o rm at last. I had IJeen r:ght! There
was no escape from this. I had suddenly grown strnnge
ly calm. I looked behind for my pursuer. He was fol
lowing still. Slowly, cautiously, step by step, he was feel
ing his way along tlwt narrow track. His huge pa"·s felt
the path carefully before h i m; his bloodshot eyes glared
out at me from their tangle of white hair; his huge t eeth
and crilllson jaws threatened me as he came slowlv on.
A sho11t came u p from below. I looked down once
more. It came· from the sailors. They had lowered a
boat and were pulling towards the iceberg. The shout,
came up again. I caught a single word. The word was
' ' help !" I looked back again at the bear. · He was nearer
now. Step by step he crept on still. Slowly, cant. io11sly,
relentlessly as fate. He wasn't twenty yards off now.
His hnge body was pressed against the ice wall. H is
h nge claws were e xtended and gripped the ledge like
1.Jands of steel ; 1.Jelow, the blue waves danced and laughed
in the s11nshine.
Ten yards off ! He didn't growl now ; h e only glared
at me with eyes that seemed at each step to grow larger
and more deadly as they fixed me with tltat 'lrnrrible stare.
I began to fancy I could feel his breath co,nit,g, hot and
fetid, in long, slow, gasping breaths. Little by little the
ten yards were diminishing. He seemed to be almost
u pon me. His fixed stare seemed to fascinate me ; his
slow, gasping breathing felt as if it would choke me.
He had reached the n arrowest part of ti.le ledge at last.
He eyed it suspiciously; he advanced one huge paw, and
felt it with hesitation. Then he seemed to make up his
m i nd. Once more he came on. That moment of hesita
tion saved me. I looked at the slender rib of ice ; I looked
at the huge u n w ieldy body of tlie savage beast. It was
all he could do to walk 011 it. It seemed almost more
than he could do to keep his balance. I grasped my staff
w ith a firmer gdp ; I l ifted and shook it in the air. As a
weapon against such an enemy it seemed feeble enough
and yet-and yet' I had listened to many a story of the
feats performed i n the history of old New Zealand with
just such a Maori " taiaha " as this. It was weighty,
yet easily handled ; its edges were sharp to strike ; its
point keen to thrust. Yes, and above all, it was for life. ·
I grasped the ' ' taiaha " in both hands and shook it de
fiantly over my head. The bear paused for a moment
and eyed me. Then h e slowly put out a paw and made
another step. I watched him silently. W here I stood I
had plenty of room. My platform, smnll as it was, gave
me space enough in which to u�e my weapon w ithout
risk of overbal ancing myself. The bear made another
step. He was almost w ithin reach. I made a stroke at
him with the taiaha. It fell short, but he paused again.
Then he opened his huge month and gave a growl-a
growl so fierce, so deadly. so in tense that the great drops
of perspiration started · tc my brow.
He made another step. By a sudden impulse I jumped
forward to the very edge of my platform and drove t h e
sharp point of m y weapon with a l l my force into h is face.
It must have entered his eye. I felt him recoil w ith a
snarl a$ sudden and as fierce as that of an inj nred dog,
I.Jut ten times more menacing. In an instant I had re
covered my weapon, and I was only j nst in time. Like
a flash the great jaws snapped at it, the glittering fangs
clashed together within an inch of the blade.
He shook his head impatiently. Then he gave a deep
sullen roar that made the ice cliffs ring and tingle again.
Then he took another step forward. It was a terrible mo
ment. He had lowered his head, but I could see great
drops of blood falling, drip, drip, on the ice as he moved.
The path had shrunk almost to its narrowest point, and
it appeared scai·cely possible for h im to advance. At each
step he had to lift one foot carefully past the other before
he could move his body.
Another step. Only one more, and he could plant a
foot on my platform ! My head swa.m dizzily, the drops
on my brow felt deadly cold, bnt my brain seemed to be
on fire. Slowly he lifted his foot-it was the one nearest
the cliff-from the ledge. Slowly he pushed it forward
between the precipice and the other leg, balancing him
sel f carefully as he did so. I watched him w ith my staff
lifted to strike. I knew that it was my last chance. I
felt that the moment had come. It was now or never.
Then, by an irresistible impulse, I struck-struck fiercely.
and with all my might-struck at the foot which grasped
the very edge of the ice path w·itll great claws that looked
·
as if cast in steel.
I felt it strike. I saw the muscles of the huge foot shrink
and quiver; I saw the great claws for one moment with
drawn. The bear swayed heavily forward. His jaws fel l
together with a loud rasping clash. His b ead almost
touched my foot, w h ich was advanced to the edge of the
platform. on wliich I stood, and then, w ith a fierce, al
most a despairing, growl-then-could I bi)j'ieve my eyes?
-he fel l !
I staggered back a step ; I leaned giddjly against the
ice wall. Everything seemed t.o be whirling round before
my eyes, yet I could see the sunlip;ht flashing on the dan
cing water belo w ; I could even dimly make out the sailors
standing up in the boat. A voice came up to me-a voice
that was loud, sharp ,' and commanding: " Jump, your.g
ster! For God's sake, jump!" I had j ust sense enough
left to u nderstand the order ; I hadn't enough left to try
to comprehend why it was given. I made one step for
ward and jumped. I felt myself falling-it was the last
thine: I felt.
It~was . a voice that awoke me. I moved. I put out
my hand feebly. It touched something familiar-it was
the edge of my bunk. By a great effort I managed to
turn my face outwards. Yes, I was in my own cabin. A
bright band of sunshine was streamiug through the port
hole and fell on a great heap of something white and
shaggy that lay in the corner. I tried to raise mysel f i n
the bunk, but found that I had not the strength t o do
more than feebly move m y head. Perhaps I may have
made some sound in the attempt, for I could hear a move
ment outside, nnd the door was opened softly. It was the
captain's broad figure that appeared i n the doorway-it
was the captai n's jovial face that broke iQto a p leasant
smile as he looked at me.
" Thank · God !" h e said, " my lad, that you've come to
at last ! You've had a longish spell of it, too ; but, any
how, we've got the skiq for you to remember him by."
760
AROUND THE WORLD
· WJTH THE
TRANSPORTATION
FIELD COLUi'\BIAN
COMM-ISSION
MUSEUM
M
Of TJ:IE
SOUTH INDIA-MADRAS.
ADRAS, the capital city of sou then stern India,
is also the oldest centre of British supre111acy
in the country. It was here that, nearly two
centuries ago, the representatives of the East
India Company of merchant adventmers
.
bought a strip of the coast six mi les long by one 1,road ,
on which t o establish their factory, for a n annual pay ment
of six hundred pounds t o the R.aj,1h of Chandergiri, who
at the time owned the district. It was here that, nearly
fifty years later, the lad sat eating ont h is heart at a clerk 's
desk who was destined, as Robert Clive, to lay deep and
broad the foundations of tliat Indian supremacy for liis
countrf w h ich has been at once t.he wonder and envy of
so many other European nations since b is time.
The �adras of to-day is a great political and commer
cial ce1+tre, to whicl.l the exigencies of a great inland pop
� lation· have drawn a commerce altogether out of propor
twn to the natural advantages of the place. The hnrbor
is natui·ally no better than an open roadstead. There is a
brealrnihter partly constructed to replace one swept awny
by a h �'rricane some ten years ago, but even w hen co111pleted this w-ill make but a very i n ferior harbor of Madras.
AlthQugh built on flat laud, :Madras is a fine city. I t is
divide<.! really into three sections-the government, whi<"h
adjoins' the. shore where the formation of the city was
begun by the trading st. rangers ; t he native town, in which
are the bazars and places of business as well as the dwell
ing-places of the great mass of the inhahitants; and the
European quarter, where t. he foreign residents live.
· Perliaps the most striking feature in the streets of all
these Irdia.n cities, from the point of view of Western
strangers, is the comparative absence of all kinds of ve
hicles from the streets. There is no sidewalk, and 110
apparent occasion for one, as the street is filled with a
crowd of human beings on foot, with only here and there
a vehicle of any kind. This applies mainly to the old or
native town, as shown in the illustration. Europeans sel
dom in�lulge _ in walking exercise, and private carriages, a s
well as pul.>hc con veyances for hire. are numerous m tl,e
aristocratic, which of course means the Europeau q uarter
of the city.
The government buildings of the city are large and im
posing, and usually stand surrounded, like the private
dwellings of the governing race, by large and beauti fully
hlid out grounds ; indeed, their extent and costliness are
apt to surprise one at first, until it is remem IJered that
l\'Iadnfa is the centre of law and government for a country
of 150. 000 square m iles in extent, with a populatiou of
more than thirty-five millions of iulmhitants.
HYDERABAD.
A train journey of about three h undred and fi fty miles
from Madras bi ought us to Hyderal.>ad, the capital of the
protected native state of the same name, ruled over by
the Nizam of H Yderabad. We now found ourselves for
the first time on ·Indian soil that is still under native gov
ernment. The government is a curious compromise be
tween the ideas of t he despotic East and the customs of
the West. The Nizam rules, indeed, with all the pomp
and pageantry of cld times. He has his guard and his
standing army, his palaces, his courts. and all the outward
trappings of the old sovereignty, !Jut lie exercises it n i l
under inspection which is not the less real because i t is so
quietly e xercised. The Nizam and his prime minister
govern, indeed, but it is the power that is represented by
the Resident, who represents the Governor - General and
Council at Calcutta. and the Secretary of State for India
at Westminster, who, as the power behind the throne,
really rules.
· Hyderabad is a city containing a population of about
three h undred and fifty thousand inhabitants, and has a
bad reputation throughout India for the turbulence of its
people. Violence and bloodshed are common things, even
in the streets of the capital-a state of things which arises
from the fact that the large majority of the people are
Hindoos, wllile the governing class is entirely J\fobammc
dan. • With these internal affairs, however, the Brit ish
Resident does not i nt erfere, h is concern bei ng chiefly with
the political relations of the Nizam's government and that
of Calcutta. The streets are wide, and, for an Eastern
native city, clean, and equipped with many of the appli
ances of modern civilizntirin . Its sidewalks and gas-lamps
have rather a singular effect, and have an incongrnous
look to Western eyes in connection with the population,
either walking or riding ou donkeys or elephants. wl)ith
occupies the streets to the exclusion of ti.le vehicles \ to
wh ich we are accustomed.
The finest architecture has been lavished upon the
mosques, one of wh ich especially-that of Afgul Amri-is
among the finest in the whole of India. The palace of the
Nizam, standing in the famous gardens, forllling almost a
quarter of the city by themselves, is, for an Indian palace,
by no means an imposing building, hut there is said to be
throughout India hardly so line a garden as that w hich
snrropnds it. The greater part of this is open to the pulJ
lic, and forms a superb public recreation place. The
wealth of flowers, of every conceivable form and color,
is only equalled by t h e skill and tast e wh ich :ire expended
in their distribution nnd lllanagement. A ln rge proportion
of the plants and shrubs r,re in pots ; ind,·ed, t here are
said to be not less than six millions of potted plants i n the
gardens, all of which are the subjects of daily waterings,
which employ an army of gardeners and laborers. The
wate1' is partly distributed by i rrigation, the somewhat
primitive arrnngements for which are shown in our illns
trntiqn. All defects of this kind, however, are easily got
over by the employment of additional laborers, and the
result is that we carry away w ith. u s the impression that
no more beautiful spot is to he found on earth than the
N·i,zam's gardens at Hyderabad.
To leave Hyderabad witllout seeing anythini of the
(
(
I
,
I
�f
RARPER'S WEEKLY
ancient fort and ruins of Golconda, which
l ie only some four miles from the city walls,
was, of course, not to be thought of ; for,
although the legenrl of the d iamond m i nes
at tlrnt place is quite wit.ho11t fou 11dation, n o
diamonds having e v e r Leen got w i t hin many
m i les of Golconda, few places even in India
l iave had a w ilder and more· romantic past
tha n the great fort and the now ruined city
wh ich surrounds it. 1Vith that courtesy
which has been extended to us everywhere
to which the i nfluence of the British impe
rial authorities extends, which appears to
. cover no i nconsiderable part of the earth's
surracc, we found ourselves mounted 011
three of the Nizam's elephants of state-an
elevat.ion which had the double advantage
of g-i vi11g us an extended view of all that was
to be seen, and of removing us above the risk
of a11 noya11ce from the too curious and not
nlways too friendly looking curiosity of the
iulrnbitants.
t( \t TH IS· BU SY f
J y ·WORLD · i
,.
Gu:NERAJ, SHJ£RMAN was not nne of the
silent generals, like Grant and Von Moltke.
He had the gift of eon1 mu 11icati 11g his senti
ments bot h orally and in w riting, and he lmd
sen t i ments on many subjects wh ich he was
very ready to communicate. Whatever fault
any one m ight find w i t h sentiments that he
expressed, it was seldom that there was oc
casion to complain that he failed to make
l 1imself understood. or cloaked his convic
tions w i th obscure or euphemist ic language.
The following letter, written while he was
General of the Army, is in Leresting, both as
an example of h is offidal epist olary style,
and on account of its subject-matte r :
1\iy lHCAn. Sm,-Yonrs of July 24th is received, and
if your brother, the Rev. - -, of Jllinoi8, will
make hii:s 11pplicatio11 to the Secretary of \Var for a
Chaplaincy i n the Army, an<l ec11d me hiA papers, I
will e l1dor�e and lay them hefnre 1he Secretary for the
A c1 in11 of the President, who alouc always makes tl1esc
appofotments.
I 11ever give original lcttcrt-1 to the Prcsichmt or Sec
rerary of \1/'ar, becau:::e it would be wrong for me to
do so, as they might refer several applic,wts to 111e fQr
selection, i.1.ncl I would seem to he co111111itted to the
one holding my Jetter. I think there arc �evcral 111111dred applicants 110w, each one of whom is stronger in
the ]'ah.Ii thun St. Paul, ancl most of whom, hetore
appoi11t1neut, are nnxious to he mart.yrs ; hnt once ap
pointed and coufirmed they object to 0111· frontier pos1s
hecm1E1e they arc i l l adapted fur rnising a htrge family
of �111ull children.
Of course the whole syst.em is 110w n farce nnd
meilnl t,o he so. If Co11gre�s wanted the Army 10 have
the i11fl11e11cc of Reli_!.d on, it would nllow the Co111mm1d
j11g Otlicer of each poist rnmole from civiliza1ion to hire
n11cl pay for a mini�fcr while employed, like S11rgeo11s.
Of such pos.t.i:- I.here arc nearly a huudred, whereas the
Chaplains nrn limited to thirty-say half of whom are
sick, or don't like the i�olation of 'Pexai-1, Arizona, etc.
Of conr�e there are 110 vacancies 1Jow, n11d they are
gobbled up as soon us the telegraph auno1111ces a
de11th-there nre 110 rci::igm1tions-and 80 greedy are
the applicants that they will not even wait for the
funeral.
If your brot.herwants to join in t his scrumhie 10 be
come a marl yr, let him 1-1,e11d me his pnµers, and l will
f:ee they arc filed ; and then let him have Bo111e 8e11a
t.01· nr memher of Congress t.o rush to the Pn�si<leut
the mome11L he learns a Chaplain is u in cxtrcmi�."
Very truly your�,
vv. rr. S111m..MAN, Geucrul.
There is a good deal of opposition to t he
word " bike. " Sundry correspondents of the
Su n have entre,1ted that journal to frown
u pon it. The Sun does not frown as yet,
but the Tribitne does, going even so far as to
declare that " bike and electrocute are ahont
the worst travesties 011 words that ever were
foisted upon a long-suffering public." " Elec
trocute " is a thoroughly bad word, and the
only reason it exists at all is that there is no
sing·le reputable word which expresses the
infliction of capital punishment hy electri
city. ' ' Bike " i s a piece of 1.Joisterous slang,
but, it may be said for it that at least it is
honest, and makes no pretence to elegance,
whereas " wheel," the 01 her sy nonym for
" bicycle," does make a pretence at elegance,
or at least at respect ability. It is bet ter to
s,iy " hike," and be aw,1re Llrnt yon are using
outcast language, than to say " wheel, " and
su ppose yourself to !Je speaking valid Eng
lisll.
I n a letter to the Sun, Miss Beatrice Har
raden corrects a statement that she had re
ceived a honorarium of five hundred dollars
from an American publisher on 11ccoun, of
Ships that Pass in the Night. She says that
sl1c received one hu ndred pounds for that
book in England, and that oue hundred and
fifty dollars was paid her by an American
publisher to secure her later volume of short
stories, so that six hundred and fifty dollars
represents the total cash returns that came
i n from her Ships.
June 13th was the hundredth anni versary
of Thomas Arnold, of Rugby, who was born
in 1795, and died forty-seven years later on
the day before h is birthday. At t he fi ftieth
anniversary of his den.th it was decided to
put Ids bust i n Westminster Abbey, and a
place was assigned t o it next to the monu
ments of John Keble and ,vordsworth, but
the memorial has not yet beeu set up.
The strong feeling shown i n opposition to
the execmion of Maria Barberi has been
promptly interpreted by all opponents of
capital punishment as the expression of an
tagonism to the infliction of the deat h-pen
alty in general. It will be i nteresting to see
if this conclusion is borne out by the devel
opments in the case of the man Holmes, who
. seems to have followed so long and with. such
success the joint industriC'S of insurance
swindling anti murder. If Holrnes is found
guilty of a fair proportion of the crimes of
which he is accused, objections to capital
punishment in his case w i l l be in order. If
they should happen not to be forth-coming
it will be reasonable to infer that it is not, so
much capital punishment in general that is
objected to as its infl iction in cases where it
does not seem to fit the crime.
The wife of James Corbett, prize-fighter,
has got :i di vorce, aud the court has author
ized her late husband to pay her an allow
ance of uue hundred dollars a week. Cor
bett is a good pugilist, but as a refined and
exemplary gentleman he is not all that the
fancy painted at the ti me of his first appear
ance in the ring. When he began his fistic
career he was descrilJed as a bank _c lerk w ith
a t.a lent for the manly art, and as a person
exceptionally qualified to remove the im
pression that had gained strength during the
ascendency of John Sullivan that prize-fight
ing was a brutal and demoralizing business,
and that prize - fighters were apt not to be
n ice men. Corbett is nnt so brutal or so
drnnken as Sullivan. He has more sense
than the Boston champion, who, indeed, had
very little. But he seems to be progressing
to the bad in his own way w ith reasonable
celerity, and m ust be a disappointment to
those enthusiasts who would like us to be
lieve that the true mission of pugilism is to
make manly meu manlier.
J
Mr. Gladstone is not in the business of let
ters, or of lecturing either, and there is n o
o n e else in England that a n y great mnltitude
of Americans would pay two dollars apiece
to look at, except, perhaps, the Queeu.
That was a horrifying story the news
papers told last week of Mr. Rodman Wana
maker's barbarian dinner party in Paris. A
whole leg of mutton, a whole fowl, a whole
salmon, a whole basket of peaches, before
each guest; a magnu m of champagne for
each ; and a grab- bag full of costly orna
ments from which each guest drew a prize !
Twenty thousand dollars, the despatches say,
was the cost of Mr. Wanamaker's entertain
ment for twen_ty-two guests.
Let us decUne to believe that story until
the affidavits come. Mr. 1Vannn'rnker nrny
have given a <limier that was something of a
shock to French t-hrift, hut that · he should
h ave imagined that a lot of peopl,e who have
always had enough to eat could be impressed
or entertained by the sight of superfluous
masses of cooked food aud " lash ins " of
drink is not very credible. Somebody must
have lied about Mr. Wanamaker's d inner
party. I t does not sound like Philadelphia
manners.
The architect of the new building of the
Bar Association, described in the WEEKLY of
July 27th, is Mr. Cyrus L. W. Eidlitz. The
WEEKLY gave a picture of the building as i t
will appear o n Forty-fourth Street, b u t inad
vertently omitted
to tell the architect's name.
'
E. S. MAR'l'IN.
,.,
Mr. Rider I-laggard seems to have had ex
periences in the late election in England
which may be of use to him in the construc
MW!. WINSLOW'S SOOTHING SYHUP
tion of future tales of blood-curdling adven
ture. He was the Conservative candidate · hu.s heen used for over fifty yeurs hy millious of
mothers
their childre11 while t.eethiug,witli perfect
for East Norfolk. On the evening of July e-nccess. for
It soothes the chilli, 8ofte11s th.e gu 1 1 1 � , allays
19th a mob of unfriendly voters surrounded ull p11i11, cures wind colic, and is t.he he�t
remedy for
h is headquarters in the village of Stalham, diurrham. Sold hy dr11ggit-1ti;1 in ever_\' 11m·t of tlle
and became so boisterous in their manifesta world. 'l'we11ty-five ce11ts a bottle.-[Adv, l
tions of disfavor that a hundred policemen
were -called in and conducted him at mid
LAUGHING BABIES
night w ith drnwn cutlasses to a more friend 11re loved hy everybody. '!1hose raised 011 the Gail
Borden Eagle Branrl Conde11sed Milk are compara
lv district.
free from sickne8s. Infant Health i� u valu
• Jlfr. Henry M. Stanl ey is a Tory member tively
nh1e pamphlet for mothers. ·Send your ad<lrei::s for a
of the new Parliament from the uorth divi copy to New York Coudensed Milk Co., N. Y.- [ Ad·v. ]
siou of Lambeth.
Bishop Tugwell, of West Africa, lately
protested in a letter in the London 11imes
against the l iqnor traffic i n vVest Africa.
He described the demoralizing effect of al
coholic l iq uors, and especially of gin, the
liquor most commonly i u t roduced, u pon the
1Vest African negroes, and its bad effects
upon trade, lJecause of the preference of the
negroes for p:in over other commodi ties.
The bishop's statements, being corroborated
in the Times hy other correspondents, elicit
ed a rejoinder from the Bri 1 ish Governor of
La.gos. who asserted that the revenue from
t h e liquor traffic was necessary for the sup
port of the machinery of government in the
vYest African colonies. that the negroes
were not quite so drnnken as represent ed,
that the quality of Lagos gin was better
than the Bishop su pposed. 1111d that the rem
edy for the gin d isease was the spn·ad of
Mohammedanism, w ith its strong influence
in favor of abstinence. The Governor de
clared that the dinlcuhy of introducing
Christianity into West Africa was not due
to the sprearl of gin, but ' ' to the difficulties
and drnwl.Jacks of the Christian religion it
se�f from an African point of view, " aud
particularly to the prejudice of the mission
aries against polygamy. I-le averred, too,
that the Mohammedan negro is a much
cleaner, soberer, nud more dignified and self
respecting person than the Christian negro,
and altogether seemed to throw his i n fluence
in favor of e l i mi nating Christian mission
aries from West Africa and lei ting gin alone.
H is point of vkw hatl al.Jundant novelty to
recommend it, if nothing else ; but the idea
of fighting gin w i t h M oslernism seems not to
have impinged favornbly upon the Briti;h
m i nd. 'I' hP- T-imes speaks gloomily of it, and
says the West African liquor traffic is a
scandal, and oug-ht to be suppressed, wlwther
it y ields revenue or not.
D r. Doyle is very amiable in wlrnt he says
about his American tour, for though he arl
mits that_ pecuniarily speaking it was au iu
diffcreut speculation, he declares that he w as
very handsomely treated and had a good
time. He thinks, though, that as a lecture
field for English writers the United States
is not what it has been cracked up to he.
Very likely not ; and yet it is to he considered
that Dr. Doyle's stories, though so very popu
lar, were not especially adapted to i nterest
the public in their writer. The man the
readers of them were interested i n was not
D r. Doyle, but Sherlock Holmes, and their
interest even in Holmes was of a sort that
could be satisfied by reading.
It seems p robable that there i s a t present
no British l i 1 erary person for whom the
American lecture-field is now ripe. Tenny
son or Browning might have made money
here. People would have gone to look at
Tennyson, irrespective of a nything he had to
say, and the Browning cluhs would have
flocked to hear Browning. But while there
are many British men and women of letters
whom it would be advantageous to hear and
delightful to know, there is no one just now
of the dimensions necessary to the making
of a great popular spectacle. If Major Pond
could bring :Mr. Gladstone over and put h i m
on the road, then the clatter o f dropping dol
lars m ight be heard all over the laud, but
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PHOTOGRAPHS BY W. l-I. JACKSON. - [SEE PAGE 760. ]
�I
HARPER'S -WBEKtY
11
l
encourage and develop playing material
is, therefore, in a way quite as needful to
the best success of polo as it is to foot
ball. That it should have taken polo
men u pwards of eighteen years to dis
cover what their athletic · school · days
should have taught them can be accouilt
ed for. only by assumiug they cared more
for their own fun than for the welfare of
the game. However, the turn does come
eventually even i n the longest lane. 'l'his·
year's play has drawn n telling object
lesson of what polo has missed in the
past and what benefits we may reason
ably expect in the future. The intro
duction of new men, even if not so skil
ful, has ·produced the results usual upon
the infusion of new blood. Au impetus
has been given the game generally-new
and better ponies, additional spectators,
and an awakening among some of the
veteran players that have found them
selves hard pressed by that very material
which they ignored but a year or so back.
I;!
R. L. AGASSIZ.
IF THE POLO SEASON OF 1895 had been concluded with
play for the Cedarhurst Challenge Cup, some ten days
n.go, there would be ample occasion for those interested
in the game to feel immensely encouraged over its Amer
ican progress. As n matter of fact, however, the season
is bnt half spent, !\nd the better part yet before us. The
present year of polo has marked the grentest improve
ment of nny previous one; indeed, I am much inclined to
believe the development of the cmrent season smpasses
tlmt of all preceding ones. Not that the ol<l players have
added so gren.tly to their skill-for, as a rule, they have
reached their limit nnd remain stationary on the handicap
list-but the second-raters hn.ve improved beyond recogni
tion. Last year, for the first time since polo obtained an
American foothold, the second-class men of the different
country clubs were encouraged to play. This spring one
or two of the clubs were obliged to depend on some of
the hitherto neglected material to fill vacancies on the first
team, and at least one of these teams, notably the Country
Club of Westchester, has shown no weakne·ss in conse
quence. Those of us who have welcomed each l ittle sign
as polo has grown and_ strengthened will have occasion
for genuine rejoicing now that the . clubs have finally
turned their attention to the game's most vital need.
To WITHIN THREE YEARS AGO polo pluy in the East
was, one may say with truth, practically confined to the
one or " first " team of the several clubs. Literally no ef
fort was made to encourage play among other members of
the club, and those i n whom the magnificent game aroused
the incliuation were effectually ignored. So unsports
manlike nnd thoroughly selfish an attitude appeared, un
fortunately, to be characteristic of too many of those
. closely identified with polo to hope for a. speedy or even
natural c-rowth. It need not be told here that tbe life of
every game depends on the continuous development of
11ew material. A combination of stars may and does fre.
quently <!arry n team to victory for several. successive sen.
sons, but the time comes, sooner or later, when recruits
nre required, and if not forth-coming; or if _unskilled, the
subsequent play of that club team is .much below what
has !Jeen regarded as its standard. To search out and
J. E. COWDIN.
BEGINNING WITH TIIE OPENING tour
nament, certainly no year has shown
general play that averaged so high, or
interest in matches so often sustained to
the end. Tbe higher average of the play
is explained by the liberal ion of the here
tofore suppressed second · raters - w!Jo
have not only greatly improved t!Jeir
own game, but implanted a rivalry that
will keep all plnyers on their mettle
and by the really very considerable im.
provement in ponies.
Faster ponies and more of them follow as n natural se. qucnce upon additional players and a livelier and wider .
int erest i n the game. But the ponies have outpaced the
players, · w!Jich is natural, too, considering that the pony of
to-day represents twenty years of endeavor, while it is a ·
short three years since the chosen few permitted Eastern .
polo to be taken up by the (comparatively) enthusiastic
many. None the less, the improvement of the ·polo J)ony ·
has been notable both in individual specimens and in ·
.
H. L. HEUBIJ:R'l',
Father of American· Polo.
R. G. SHAW,
2ND.
in as many distinct locnlities. The game is played i n
Texas, Colorado, Iowa. Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, California,
and in the Canadian Northwest, along the Cenlral Pacific
Railroad, where a team _- in Calgary; for instance - has
been so successful it is considered un beatnble. Tliat polo
is a growing game in America we have all known, but no
year has so marked its advance as this one.
No SINGLE FEATURE IS so RESPONSIBLE for this devel
opment of the American game and player as the system
of lmnclicappicg used by the Polo Association. It is safe
to say that if we had been without such a system we
should be very far from where we now are in polo.
Handicnppiog has been the very life of American polo;
without it the gnme would hnve !Jecome, with the gym
kann races, occasional and limited means of country-club
entert,ainmeot. Play would have been- restricted to the
very few who from natural aptitude or abundant leisure
formed a class by themselves. There was a discordant
element in the Association which opposed handicapping,
and quoted the English method, where all events are flat.
The element was selfish in disposition and weak in argu
ment, and the opposition amounted to naught. Little
comparison can be made between the polo situation i n
England and America, and that little suggests our cling•
ing to the handicap system. Polo'.s greatest supporter i n
England i s the army; i t is not played by the United States
army. Outside of the army the game is not as generally
played in Great Britain as it is in the United States,nor does
it offer such encouragement or opportunity to the begin
ner. !fhere are a few teams that play first-class polo, and
the rest are out of it. If we pursued a similar system
here the Association would now have about twenty-five
players instead of over two hundred, and its clubs would
number about four in place of seventeen. Let no one
offer objections to handicapping; it has actually been the
making of the American game.
MUCH IN'fEREST ATTACHED TO 'fHE CONTEST for the
general type. The number of well-set-up, good-looking,
and speedy ponies always to be seen at a match is of Kulm Cup, since the Country Club of Westchester team
itself, without the play, of sufficient attraction to any man had already won it twice (in '91 and '92), and, by the con
witli an eye for a horse. The evolution of tire bronco, ditions, a third win made them tbe permnoent possessors
too, _is about c<;Hnplete, and the result is a · pony with all of the trophy. No team has played more consistent and,
the toughness and sprinting q ualifications of the pl'oto- . at times, more brilliant polo than the Westchester. Three
type, to which have been added looks and staying and · of the four-Rey.n al and the two Water!Jurys-were only
just beginning last year to attain form, and even so were
carrying powers.
not regarded as possible first-team men. From their first
WR.E N '.l'HE SEEDS OF POLO were first sown we took the appearance this year, however, they have shown much
mustang as he came to us wild and .woolly, and a most ad_aptahle. useful little
beast he proved-so good;indeed; that the
English team which came over and beat
us took home a few of our ponies. They
probably recognized the qualities which
a p1'ocess of breeding up would · refine
and enhance. vVc, many years later, have
likewise recognized them, and to-day the
American polo pony at his best seems to
equal the English in all save looks. At
least such are the facts, if we may j udge
rightly from comparisons between the
home product and H. P. W hitney's im•
ported ponies at the :Meadow Brook Club.
There seems no good reason . why this
comparison is not an accurate one, since
Whitney's knowledge of a horse and his
money should put the very best in his
stable. At all events, these English po
n ies do not outpace the best of ours. nor
are they· handier. Pony-breeding -(of the
highest type) is a recent· indl1stry in the
United St.ates ; but, like everything else to
which we turn our attention·, it ·has been
carried to a high state of i:levelopment.
This is, of course, true i n only a few di
rections, for the breeding up_ 9f stock takes
longer than the perfecting of machinery.
There are several breeders that have been
very -successful, and the bunches of ponies
I have seen hereabouts this year from
Texas and Colorado, out of native mares
by thoroughbred sires, were a rnre lot.
Nor: rnJJst it be understood that the p ony
raising industry is confined to Texas and
Colorado, or that ·New York takes all the
. annual product. Ponies are being raised
and improved in a half • dozen different
. FOXHALL KIJ:ENE.
sections, and d isposed of to· polo-players
763
�HARPER'S WEEKi Y
of all, fine weather has prevailed, �ome of it good enough
PHILADELPHIA COUNTRY CLUB CUPS.
to make record - breaking runs, and second, but by 110
, ·Philadelphia, Thursday,Jnne 6th.
First Ewent. ,
means of lesser importance, Commodore Brown has is
.· ,
C. C- of Westchester
vs.
Philadelphia C. C.
sued h i s orders as n sportsman and a yachtsman, and
15
2
w ith due appreciation of the sportsmen and yachtsmen
½ i����i�;i, · : : : : : : : :
13
of bis fleet. It does not follow that every man own'l'ot,il . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14½
15
Penaltie:s . . . . . . . . . . \ . . . . . . ¼' . i ng a yacht is either a yachtsman or a. sportsman, nor is
every yachtsman a sponsnrnn ; bnt the N. Y. Y. C. enrolls a
Total . . . . . . . . ·. . . . . . . 14¼
Final.
long list of those that combine bot h qualities, and it is
Meadow Brook
vs.
, . Pi,ila<ielphiit C. C.
these who have given the cruise the success it has attaiued
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :9
Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
of recent years. The commodores and regatta commit
Pe11altie� . . . : _. . . . . . . . . . . . . ¼
tees in the past have sometimes left us uncertain as to
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JIM
whether the cruise was being sailed for sport and the
POLO ASSOCIATION CUPS.
yachtsmen, or for parade aud the yacht-owners. Last
Couutry Cluh, Brookliue, Jn11e 10th.
year and this year there has been no occasion for doubt,
First Event.
and we congratulate the Commodore and his Fleet Cap
vs.
C . C'. Brookline.
Dedham
tain and the Regatta Committee on the successfnl issue of
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 9
· Goals . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Pe11alties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
their efforts for good sport.
12
And yet the Regatta Committee has given sportsmen
'l'otat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4¾
Penalties . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . ½
excellent grounds for criticism-its failure to act prompt
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11½
ly on Vigilant's protest over the race of July 22d , and i t s
Second EveJJt.
delay in measuring the two yachts, u pon w hose perform
211yopia.
C. C. of West.chester
vs.
ance the eyes of all Americ,m, and, indeed, of English
Goals .-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Gonl� . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
yachtsmen as well, are steadfastly directed. This lat tcr
Pe11alties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ½
Hnndicap . .. . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
dereliction of duty is one of the e vidences-of which few
'l'otnl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13½
J3
Penalties . ." . . . . . . . . . ·. . . . . . M
are left nowadays-of pleasing the yacht-owner rather
'l'otal . . . . . ·. . . . . . . . . . 12¼
than t.he yachtsman. The committeemen have had abun
dant time and frequent opportnnity t o measure the yach t s .
rr hircl Event.
Rock
a
way.
Meadow Brook
and to act upon Mr. Willard's protest, and in failing to do
vs.
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . 10
Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
either have doubly disregarded the wishes of sportsmen.
Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¾'
While cliscnssing the position of the Regatta Committee
'J'otal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9¼
with relation to its power to please yachtsmen, I should Ii ke
COUNTRY CLU!l OF 13ROOKLIN E CURS.
to suggest an ext ension of its scope for their further benefit;
'renms of three played at Brookline, Jnne 1 8, 1 S95.
first, hy secnring a govemment or police boat to patrol the
Dedham.
Myopia
vs.
course and keep in check tugs and st eam - yachts which
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
get in the way of and handicap the racers, and which
Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
rush about apparently regardless of t h e safety or comfort
16
of all other craft; it might also advise the Embla's owner
Penalt.i es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ½
that it is not essential to the advertisement of the yacht's
'l'otat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15½
speed that his skipper cut across the hows of other boats ;
ASSOCIATION CUPS.
OF THE NE"\;V · CLUBS added, the most important are
second, by snggesting to Ogcien Goel e t that the unnecessary
Country Clnh Brookline, Ju11e 15th.
, Buffalo-where they have been playing for several years,
flying of the British flag at the White Ladye's stern savors
Myopia
v.s.
C: C. Brookline.
and already attained considernble skill-Chicago, w h i c h
of d iseased affectation; and is not a pleasing spectacle for
Goals
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
13
llarnlicnp
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
18
is ne_w t o the game, but comes in strong w i t h twenty-five
·
American yachtsmen.
Penalties
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
·
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
½
active members. Devon ought to do something for Phila
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
;
.
.
.
.
:
.
'li½
Total.
delphia polo by making a match among local players pos
THE RENDEZVOUS AT GLEN COVE was a more impres
REYNAL CUPS.
sible. The great drawback to Philadelphia polo has al
sive scene than usual, a· seemingly greater n umber of
V
Westchester, v e<lnesday, June 19th.
ways been the existence of but one team. Between. the
larger yachts , being in attendance. · And Commodore
Meadow Brook.
vs.
V\.'"estchc::i.tc1:
Country Club and Devon a very much i m proved team
Brown's innovation with regard to making Huntington
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
15
Goals
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3
Goals
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
should be in evidence next year. Point Judith , the last
the finish of the cup races was its happy as successful. W i t h
Penalties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¼' Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
club to be formefl for polo, is having i ts first tournament
Lascet, the '98 champion, JJJmemld, '94 champion, and Am
5
'l1otal
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
14¼
this week, and it deserves the success it will probably
Pe11alties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¼
oritn, the latest flyer, there was promise of a magnificent
attain. Its nearness to Narragansett. Pier will insure good
'rotnt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4M
s1 rnggle, and interest enough in the schoonei's alone t o
atlendauce, and it is sure to attract a full entry list.
have attracted yachtsmen. B u t t h e Defender w a s at
COUNTRY
CLUB
CUPS.
I have not the space to talk o f all these matters to the
hand, and every one wanted to leam, and is yet un
rreamg of three.
length I should like and t hat they warrant, but run over
learned, how much faster t han Vigilant is the yacht upon
Connt. ry Club of Brookli11e, June 20th.
the new clubs and im proved players to emphasize what I
which depends the fate of Anie1·ica's Cup. ·Besides 1 h e
v.s.
Country Club
Dedham.
said at .the outset of this being the greatest polo year we
Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M
c u p s h e hacl already offered in t h e regular sloop and
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 7
lmve had. After Narrngansett Pier there will b.e New
Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
schooner classes, the Commodore added a special t ro
port, August 12Lh-24th, followed by Hingham, August
10
p . Jry for a race between Drfende1' and Yigilan t, and tlllls
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
½
Penalties
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
26Lh-81st ; Myopia, September 2cl-14th ; and Dedham,
t.he cruise was inaugurated with every one satisfietl-a
'l'otal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9¼
September 16th-21st.
most unique situation. The air was rather lightish-s11p
A LPEN CUPS.
p0sed -t o be to Defender's l iking-and yet in the rn·nning,
THE GREATEST EVENT m' THE YEAR, however, indeed
Westchester Conntry Clnh, ,June 24th.
reaching, and windward work, about evenly distributed
the most notable event since the Englishmen p layed us ·at First E1·ent.
over the 21 m iles, Defende1· beat Vigilaht but 1 minute and
Newport, will be the Polo Championship Club tourna
Preel)ooters.
VR.
Rockaway 2d
49 seconds elapsed time. No small part of Vi,qilant'8 li ne
ment, to be h eld . t h e last week in September. Such a
floals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
showing was due to her haudling; she sailed a great race,
Penal tie�. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¼'
I-laudicnp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
meeting has o fte.n been suggestcci, but not until this year
and was splendidly managed ; she is a long ways bet ter
'rotal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7¼
has there been. sufficient enthusiasm among players to
handled than Defender, and, in fact, the best-sailed yacht
Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ½
make .i t a possibility. · The trophy will be the handsome
on the crnise. Of the smaller sloops the race of the clay
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12½
gold cup w hich vVilliam Waldorf Astor several years
,·
was between Qiwen Mab and Wasp, the latter winning on
ago presented to the Tuxedo Club to be played for annu Second Event.
vs.
1\'lenllow Brook.
Westchester C. C ..
corrected time. It was a grand struggle between Amoritn
ally. The character of country at Tuxedo does not per
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
and Emernld and Lnsca, but the first won over Emer'ctlcl i n
Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
mit of a polo field, and the club committee h11s been
corrected time, and LaRcrt showed that the old rival whom
'l'otal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
sportsmanly enough to give the cup to the Polo Associa
she formerly beat has grown too speedy for her.
tion, 'fhe cl\am pionship will be a flat event, open to Third Event.
Summaries:
Myopia.
vs.
Rockaway
teams of four, representing any club in the Assoc;jation.
SOIIOONJmS.
Gonls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 7
In addition to the cup, which is to remain a pe(petual
EIR.psed
Col'rected
Pe11altie� . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X
llnndic!tp . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Nnme.
Stnrt.
Fin ish.
time.
ti111e.
trophy, contested for annually, the Asso_ciation w i l l nresent
1
H. M. 8.
H . M. s.
H. Ill. s.
H , Ill. s.
'
l
otnl
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
7¼
�
i n d i v id ual prizes. Grounds have not yet been definitely
Lasca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 nO 48 5 02 36 3 1 1 4g 3 1 1 48
Peualties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l
decided u pon, bnt the Prospect. Park parade•groirncl , is ,
Emerald . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 53 03 4 /'j'j 25 . 3 04 22 3 03 02
'l'otal . . . . . . . . . , .... . . . --:-g
• Marguerite . . . . . . . . . , l 5!:i 00 . 5 13 06 3 18 06 3 14 25
considered favorahly,and will very likely be fiually chosen.
Iroquois . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 53 24 5 14 42 3 2t 1 8 3 1 7 04
Fourth
Event.
Besides having · been the scene of some of the tiarliest
El�cmarie . . . . . . . . . : . l 53 29 5 1 2 12 3 18 4,l 3 11 31
C. C. of Westchester
v.<.
Rockaway 1st.
matc)les i n . the country, it is a fine field, and, what i� most
Amorita
. . . . . . . , . . . , . 1 52 04 5 00 43 3 OS 39. 3 01 . 04
Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ii ' Goats. . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Loyal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 55 00 5 25 04 3 30 04 3 1 6 53
desirnble at this stttge of the game's progress, it w il l' giv e
HaucHC a p. . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 8
Pe11nlt ie!-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ½
Nemra
.
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . t 55 00 5 28 33 3 33 33 3 JG 59
the public an opportunity o f enjoying the contest.'. It is
JO
'l'otat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10½
FlUST OLASS-Sl,001'8.
too early to talk of entries, but four are assured , Myo
Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ½
Vigilant' . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 47 22 4 44 43 2 57 21
pia, with Agassiz, Shaw, Gardner, Norman, or G. fnsti s ;
'l'otal . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Defeude
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 1 47 24 4 42 56 2 55 32
r
Rockaway, with Cowdin, Keene, Stevens, and Ruthr,rford ; Final.
Rockaway 2d.
v.,.
Rocka\vay 1st
ST.OOPS, 0UT1'1rnS, ANH YAWLS.
Meadow Brook, with 'IV. Eustis, Vingut, Nicoll, G. Eustis,
Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 3
Goats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Hildegarde . . . . . . . . . . 1 50 00 5 25 54 3 Sn 53
or Taylor; and vYestchester, with Reyna], E. C. Pott�r, and
l-tUJJ(liCap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lG
Qneen Mall . . . . . . . . . . l 46 34 5 11 26 3 24 52 3 23 35
J. M. (.Jun.) and L. Waterbury. Even shonld there. be no
Wnsp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 47 56 5 16 06 3 2S 10 3 21 01
19
others, these will make a tournament of rare i nterest aucl
Mineola . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 49 36 5 25 59 3 36 23 3 2S 43
Penalties . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ½
gooci play.
Ventura
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 48 13 5 32 43 3 44 30
Tot.al . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IS½
Did uot finish.
Harriet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 47 57
Resume o f season's play to elate of going to press :
Awa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 47 55 Did not linish.
CF.DARIIUBST CHALLENGE CUP.
'l'HE M EADOW BROOK CLUB CUPS.
rrlle win11ers were: Schooner clns�, Arnorita,· first-class �loops, De
Cedarhur�t, Long Island, Fnda.y, July 5th.
fender ; sloops and cutters, IJ'a.,p.
Meadow Brook, Monday, May 27th.
First EveJJt.
First. Event..
1\fenflow Brook.
1)8.
Rockaway 2d
THE FIRST SQUADRON RUN OF THE CRUISE, from Hunt
Meadow Brnok
Freebooters.
vs.
Goalg. . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Goal8 earned . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Goals c:wnccl . . . . . . . . . . . . . � 4
ington to .New London, was not only the fast est of t h is brtt
Ha11dicap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Goals uliowed by hnn<\icap. 7
of any crnise. It was a record-maker, and the day JJlti·
8rrotal. . . . . . . . . . . � . . . 11
Pennlties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M
excellence of sai l i ng crl}ft ; the yachts slipped througl, tl,c
Second Event..
'l'otnl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7¼
water at a great rate, and only the fast.est steamer cou Id
Rockaway
vs.
:M. eadow Brook.
keep up, the pace o f Defencle1· and Vigilant being esti
Seco11d Eveut.
Goal::t earned . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Gouls enrned . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
vs.
Freehooters.
Meadow Brook
mated, for instance, at 14 knots, while Constellntion, which
HaJJdieap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,_!. l
Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
led the fleet, was doing 14!. Defender and Vigilant crossed
13
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Hnndicaµ
.
.
.
.
l
Penalties . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . ___}S_
the line within a few seconds of each other, with the latter
12
'l'otal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12½
in the windward berth as the day before. It was a broad
PenaltieB. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ¾
'J'hird Event.
reach all tfie way, th<i' conditions under which Defemle1·
'l'otal . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11¼
Freehooters.
v.�.
\Vestcl1ester
has shown her greatest speed, but until Cornfield Ligl, t
Gonl� enrned . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
'f hird Eveut.
Goal::t <�:11"11ecl
ship waR reached sh� coulci not get through Yi.qilant'8
HUJJ(JiCUp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Penaltie::-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rockaway 2d.
Rockaway l st
vs.
lee, and in the following twelve miles to Bartlett's Reef,
Goals . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 15
Goals. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 3
-9
Handicap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5
where her steering - gear broke and she retired, her gain
Penalties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M
18
was but three minutes by her own t iming. Emerald won
'l1otal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s:i
Penalties.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
}.(
Fi nal.
aga.in over Lasca., and Amorilct had an easy time wit h
v.�.
Freebooters.
Rocknwny
'l'otat . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.¼(
Shamrock. Constellcttion's beating Vigilant by 4 m i u utes
Goal� enrned. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Goal:5 earned . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Final Event..
elapsed time was a most notable performance.
1-laJJJ.licap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l
1\'leadow Brook
v�.
RocJ.rnwny.
V\Ti11ners of the run : Schooners-Clns:8 l, Constellation bent Rornona,
Goats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
11
-8
7.22. Clu�s 2, Erneralcl beat Lasca, 4.36. Clal3s 3, A riel lwat. Jroquoi.<:,
Penalties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M
Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¼ llaudicap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1
1 , Elsernarie, 4.29, and Afarrruerite, 7.57. Cluss 4, A nwrita beat
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7)-4
'l'otal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10¼
13
Sharnrock, s.sn. Clai?-s 5, Loyal heat Nemra, 3.20.
Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . ¼ .
KUHN CUP.
Sloops and Cutt.ers-Cln�s 1, Vigilant. Clues 2, J(atrina (wnlk-oYer).
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12¼
C'lnss 3, Queen Afab heat Hildegarde, 2.19. Claes �, Wa.<p hent Rclip.se,
Philadelphia Country Clnh, Bula, June 5th.
10, and Mineola, 21.27. Class 6, Gossocn heat Norota, 16 . 08, and VenC. C. o[ Westchester
vs.
Philadel phia C. C.
tura,'.26.57.
THE
NEW
YORK
YACHT
CLUB
CRUISE
certainly,
u
p
to
CASPAR ,v. vVHl'l'NEY.
Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
flonls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
the clay of our going to press (Saturday), has been one of
Penalt.ies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ¾ Handicap . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Comment on balance of cruise and Goelet Cnp races is niRerved for
the most sport-giving of any in my recollection. First next issue, which will illustnttc feut.ures of the yachtiHg week.
. . . . 1::;,
'l1vtal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22¼
'l'otul
iinr1 increasin g strength, and in another year. if they keep
the pace, will get well up towards the top. The work of
the Waterburys, L. and J. M., Jun. , considering. their age·
and the length of time playing, is quite the most notable
of the season. The greatest credit for Westchester's
showing is due E. C. Potter, who this year, as always, i s
t h e same steady, harci-working back, and, in addition, by ·
h i s excellent generalship, has got the utmost out of his
younger and less.seasoned players.
Next to the Waterburys in point of improvement are
two other brothers, Albert and R. T. Francke, both of
w hom generally equal and frequently surpass, even now,
L. J. Francke, who has played for years. Albert' began
the season without a handicap, and is now charged with 4 ;
R. T. h a d 2, a n d is n o w 5 . I n t h e same club, Rockaway,
H. B. Case was not handicapped, and has now z" goals ;
G. L . Meyers was 2 , and i s 8 ; J. S. Stevens was 7 , apd i s 6.
Rockaway is strong this year. Jts first team will have
Cowdi n , Keene, Stevens, and later 'IV. Rutherford, while
its second team has demonstrated that i t could on bresent
handicap beat both first Rockaway and Meadow ··Brook.
It has been very successful, w inning the Alden anq Rock
away Cl.n1.llenge Cups.
Meadow Brook has not played the game of other years,
and misses Hitchcock and Day. Neither 'IV . C. Eustis
nor Taylor has played so well as last year, and e�ch has
been reduced to 4 goals. Mortimer, Roby, and Page, how
ever, are all playing heller, and have been raised a goal.
Myopia is about as strong as last year. Although Shaw
is not up to form and has been reduced a goal, Gardner,
on lhe other hand, has been raised one. Agassiz's form
has varied also, but they will all he fit for Ne,vport.
Brookline Country Club has made a good showipg this
season with several new men and some i m proved old ones.
Goodwin has been raised 2 goals, and is now 5; a,icl Fay
is also 5. Hobart, the new man, has gone from O to 8 goals.
W h eeler of Philadelphia has been moved from 1 goal
to 4, and Philadelphia otherwise has shown some slight
improvement iu play.
i�,��1ti�; :'.:: :: ::: : : : :: : : :
:i :: :: : :
:-T.Ji
·'
" TH E E LE M E NTS OF N AV IGATION. "-BY W. j. H ENDERSON.-ILLUSTRATED. - 1 6Mo, CLOTH, $ 1 oo. -HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS.
I
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Wonders
. . .
. , . .
.
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p •
HARPER'S WEEKLY
Try a
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Evans'India
.
Pale Ale
WORKS
ff s sure to please you.
If you want
Richer Blood
In curing torturing, disfiguring, humili- .
ating humours of the Skin and Blood.
Now is the time to drink
Sold throughout the world, and especially by En1?1ish and
Americnn chemists in all the principal cities. British depot:
F. NEwBEUY Ar soxs. 1, King Edward-st., London. Porr•a
DRUG A�D CHEM. Conr., Sole Props., Boston, U. s. A.
5 L!l:f>MANN'.5 :'.JON'S BREWING CO.
. " J6 fORRE5T ' ST. t>ROOKLYN
Sl!Ven letters only ! No mm·e,
no less ! Connt them,, and r1,c
cept no c1·acke1• sta1npe<l othe1·
wise if you want the 01"iginal. #
""'"""'"'�"'..,,.,.
E STABLISH E D 1801.
,
NY
.,. :·;11eflf1
Briq�eportBra51Co. Brid_g�jjbrt Ct.
,, .,,, , ..,i•,
Or 19 1\.lurrny Street, New ·York City.
���Ml}; ,4sF B R A I N S
� �� A ��
{C) �.., �
Beeman's,
Pepsin Guf!I
.....,_,,,,,__
THE •
CAUTION.-See that the
name Beeman is on each
wrapper.
·1c
The Perfection of ;
Chewing Gum
And a Delicious Remedy for ,:
Indigestion and SH Sickness.
5c. for sample pack�@'e.
, Send
Beeman Chem ical
19 Lake St, Cleveland, O.·
i
.
Originators of
':fl·
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Pepsin Chewing C u m ,
There is just something whicli makes one cigar
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EVANS' STOUT
Thirty=one
I nformation
Bureaus.
Each o f the city ticket offices of the New
York Central & Hudson River Railroad i n
N e w York, Brooklyn, Albany, Troy, M ontreal,
Utica, Syracuse, l{ochester, Buffa lo, Niagara
Falls, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis,
Cincinnati, and San Francisco is an informa
tion Bureau-3 1 in all.
Complete information i n regard to rates and
routes for reaching the principal health and
pleasure resorts of America can be obtained
free; also information regarding principal
hotels at such resorts, their rates, accommo
dations, &c. , &c.
vVe have a great variety of books and
pictures descriptive of the hotels and their
surroundings. Agents are always glad to
assist callers. It may pay you to consult. them
before laying out your route.
A copy of the Illustrated Catalog"e of New York
Central Books and l!..'tchings will be seut .free, post
paid, on receipt of a 011e-ceut sta111/J, by George H.
Dauiels, Geueral Pasunger Ageut, Gra1td Central
Station, Neu.1 York.
SH IELD
Part of this knowfedge is our secret, part we tell you in our booklet,
which is free fOr the asking, and will convince you quickly.
Yourself against all
Impurities
We w ill mail 12 sampl� cigars for $ 1 .00.
It will profit you to look. ----.-
of lhe
CO !"T E Z C I GA R C O M PA N Y , KEV WJ;§I.
:.:;;:��-� S O 111 R
THE CELEBRATED
p•
SKI N
By I/SING
. WH'lll::
�:�:? s
·10SE
G'!Ycerine
Soap.
DEI,Jcicv
m u sical 1•ublic
A rtist
NOS, 149 TO 155 EAST 14TH STREET, NEW YORK.
C A U T I O N ,-The buying public will p lease not confound the genuine S·O·H · M · E · R Piano with
one of a simi lar-sounding name of a chea·p grade.
OP PERF�ME.
NO R<>,,fN.
U. S. Agen�s,
MULHENS & KR,.OPff. N. y I
./?
Bv MARY E. WILKINS
A
..
0
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GOLD SEAL =
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>,
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FACIAL
BLEMISHES permanentlyre•
moved by regular physicians.
20 years' practical experience. J. H. Wood-e
bury 127 W. 42d St., N.Y., Inventor of Wood·
tury's Facial Soap. 150 p. book for a stamp.
Branch Offices: Boston, Phila., Chicago, St. Louis,
il!!.�uR�h�1tg
OEAf� [!!vltieHHt�t.N
EA R lng
than all other de•
t.iore to good
d. Help ears as_ glasees
"1ces combined. Whispers
doeyes. F. llucox, 868 B'dway, N.Y. Bookotproote F R E E
JANE FIELD.
PEMBROKE.
Illustrated. 1 6mo, A Novel. Ill ustrated. 1 6mo,
Cloth, Ornamental, $ r 2 5 .
nental, $ r 50.
li
�
Most desirable and satis
factory ever made. Ask your
dealer for them and send for
5
Our L,i ttle Book;;
giving more information lbout
them and our _Gas anti ,l,;lft(lt,·ic
F ixtures,Art llletal Goofs,,S.C.
BRADLEY &, HUBBARD MF�. CO.
New York.
�1ERIDEN, CONN.
Boston .
KANE'S
,
Chicago. i Phlla.
PENNINGTON
7��INE
Same powe�?!·!!!
Y
Marine� Stationary
4 Horse-Power.
Weighs so Lbs.
A H UMBLE ROMANCE,
Stamps for Catalogue.
ENG LAND NUN,
A
& CO., Chicago, Ill.
KANE
THOS.
r 6mo,
And Other Stories.
1 6mo,
And .J ther Stories.
Cloth, Ornamental, $ r 2 5.
Cloth, Ornamental, $ 1 2 5 .
Dry Plates and Films (Cut Sizes,
YOUNG LUCRETIA,
AT A L L DEA LE RS,
ORLD OVER.
T O F A C T O R Y F O R P R I C E L I ST
G I LES COREY, YEOMAN And Other Stories. Illustrated. U SSEEDNTDHDEI RWECT
JOHN GARBUTT. KEYSTONE DRY PLATE WORKS.
W A Y N E J P N C T • O N , P H I LA D E L P H I A
Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental,
A Play. Illu strated. 3 2 mo,
$ r 25.
Cloth, Ornamental, 50 cents.
Beecham's pills for consti-
CA RBUTT'S
Q F,
i
Published by H A RPE R & B R O T H E R S, New York.
� For sale by all b�oksellers, or will be mailed by the pu6!islters, p6slai'e prejqid, en
receipt of the price.
76 5
patio n 1 0¢ and 2 5¢. Get the
book at 'your druggist's and
go by it.
AllRu&l sales more tb.an 6,000,000 boxe1o
�iiARPER'S WEEKLY
I
Baki os
� Powder
Highest of all in Leavening Power.-Latest U. S. Gov't Report
BIS H O P POT T E /\
'8/
fOf\ T Y C q R � YMf lV
OF
D I F F ERENT D f NO M I NAT I O l'(S
(#{.o.,t- .;+.
AB90LIJTEJ.;\' PlJRE
i...o . cn-
.""--(1"\,V �- IN-0,,,t 'h,,. o.d.t,,
�t: o.........d. sl,.,o...U,
k �<-<(..
5 "4""'4 s. y......
.
-{ ... , to...�
tk.. f,-ot-t<.
�o.,f- "' ""'-
A Graceful A ct
of hospitality is to offer callers a cup of Bouillon made from
·<4,u.-,,;t.:..
.(...
c��o.:c.:°"'"
�<-<..
k�
.
�ra
ct � BEEF.
,.
r,
'.:> AAa...:::.J
��/hv ,
It only takes a minute to prepare. ' 'Armour's Extract takes the place of home
stock, " costs less, goes farther and · tastes better.
Armour & Company, Chicago.
CIVILIZATION AND IlAHBARI SM.
" When we get iu again we'll
KEH WIDE OPEN,
Awarded
'.,,,
JU ,1. .
H ighest Honors - \\'orld's Fair.
·DR:
and suu·r
UP
1'm; CHURCHES-see !"
The Cranks
Columbia
Bicycle
MOST PERFECT MADE.
A pure Grape Cream•of-Tartar Powder. Free
from Ammonia,Alum or any other adulterant.
40 Y E A RS THE STA N DA R D .
Price Baking Powder Co., Chicago.
THATRAM BL[R
(S A MIOHTY FI NE BICYCLE
bolts t o work
loose orcatch
trousers.
Look like
one· piece ; are
one J?iece me
chamcally.
One of the
many Im•
prove m e n t s
that m a i n •
tain Colum
bia Standard.
GET THE N EAREST AGENT
TO EXPLAI N,
" 1896
Machine
in 1895."
..
POPE M A N U FACTU R I N G CO,
GENERAL OFFICE AND FACTORIES, HARTFORD, CONN.
BRANCH STORES :
••
••
BQdY- . •••
8 r a i il ••
••
••
POPU L A R F R E N C H T O N I C 18
GoRMULLY&JEFFERYMfG Co
CHICAC,O• BOSTON , WASHIN6TON
tltW YORK BROOKLYN · DETROIT·
COVENTRY ENGLAND,
Jfinnncinl.
Lette rs
of
C red it.
Bills o r Exch,rnge bought
a111l sold. Cahlc 'l1nmsfers
to Enrope n11d ,Vet1t l11dieE1.
Commercial urnl 'l' ruvellers'
Lett.er� of Crellit. Collec•
tious 111ade.
B ro w n B ro t h e rs & Co.,
llANKEns, No. �9
WALr,
STREET.
· 20th Edition-Postpaid for 25 cents (or stamps.)
THE HUMAN HAIR
· Bwl!cl Il��lv-i>"ki"iBH{.·/. J. �.•s�t'::���;,. ·
�.LONG &
St., Pltiladelphia,Pa.
-.Athe11q:um.
n
A.
CO., 1013 Arch
" Every o,ne should read this little book. 1 1
EAR L & W l LS O N-'S
LI N E N
COLLARS &. CU F F S
B E S T I N T H E WOR L D
e
Have no equal as a relief
and cure for corns
and bunions,
BOOIS OF OUT�.:DOOR,� SPORT
'
A Sporting: Pilgrimage
Riding to Hounds, Go)f, Rowing, Footba,11, Cricket, Club and U n iversity Athletics .
Studies i n English Sport, Past and Present. , By CASPAR. W. WHITNEY. Copiously Ill ustrated. Svo, Cloth, Ornamehtal; $3 . 50.
Practical Lawn Tennis
BOSTON , NEW YORK, CHICAG01 PROVIDENCE, PHILADELPHIA
BUFFALO, BROOKLYN, CAL TIMORE1 VIASHINCTON, SAN FRANCISCG
i i'jl�l�ti1iil�l�II
fiNE ILLUSTRATED B0011
OF DCTAILSfREf ATANY
RAMBLER AGENCY
\
No n u t s o r
8 81 T H E
-
Allcock's Corn Shields
Allcock'S B·union Shields
differ from all
- other bicycle
cranks. Easy
to take off,
easy to clean
bearings,easy
to put back.
CREAM.
BAIINfi
POWDIR
of a
Horsemanship for Women
By J AM ES DWIGHT. Illustrat,e d from : By THEODORE H. MEAD. With I l l usInstantaneous Photographs.
r 6mo, '
trations by GRAY PA.RKER. S m a l l
Svo, Cloth, $ r 2 5 .
Cloth, Ornamental, $1 2 5 .
Camp Life in the Woods
Seen from the Saddle
• FORTIFIES •
NOURISHES
and
: sT1MuLA TEs
REFRESHES
e
e lndorsed by eminent Physicians everywhere.
SOLD BY DllUGGISTS A.ND GROCBB.S.
•
Avo,o SUBSTITUTIONS.
, Album, 75 PORTRAITS
e
and AUTOGRAPHS of Celebrities.
•
e 81 MARIANI k C0., 52 Wes1 151h St., N•w•YoRK. 18 e
And the Trkks of Trapping and Trap
Making. By w. H A M I LTON GI BSON.
Illustrated by the Author. Square
r6mo, Cloth, $r oo.
GERMAN MEDITERRANEAN SERVICE.
By THEODORE A V RAULT DODGE, U.S.A.' Illustrated w ith Numerous Drawings by
FREDERIC REMINGTON, and from Photographs of Oriental Subjects. Svo, Cloth ,
Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $4 oo.
• Sent Free
I
*IIA111BURG- Al\1ERICAN tN0RTII GERMAN
· LINE.
· LLUYD · S. S. CO.
Express Steamers from New York
to Gibraltar, Algiers, Naples, a11d Genoa.
•�. Bismarck . . . : 0ct: rn. ! Fulda . . _. : . . . . : . . .Nov. JG.
tKmser W. ll . . . .Nov, 2, Columbia . . . . . . . .Nov. 23.
*A. Victoria . . . . . . Nov. 6. tEms . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 30.
,
A II steniners sail at 11 A. M.
Return tickets available for the steamers of either
line from Naple�, Genoa, Gibraltar, Humburg, Bre
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llam\/111·g-Amcrican North German Lloyd S.S.Co,,
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I
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FAS'l' · EXPltESS STEAI\tEitS.
i
��{tt�. to location, _ II. Cabin $45 _
I. ;�� $5t60 ���nuJ'��f;d$!)/�
Aller, Tues., Aug. 6, 9 A.M.
Trave, Sat ., Aug. 10, 9 A.M,
Lahn, Tues.; AuK. l3, 9 A.M.
Fulda, Sat., Aug. 17, NOON.
I
Spree, Tues., Aug. 20, 6
Ems, Sa t., Aug. 24, 9
Havel, Tues., Aug. 27, 9
Saale, Sat., Aug. 31, 8
How Women Should Ride
By " C. DE HURST." Illustrated.
Cloth, Ornan}tntal, $1 25.
Salmon -Fishing
The American Salmon - Fisherman . By
H EN RY P. WELLS. Illustrated. Sniall
4to, Cloth, Ornamental, $1 oo.
Riders of Many Lands
City Boys in the Woods ;
A Family Canoe Trip
Or, A -Trapping Venture i n Maine. By . By FLORENCE WATTERS SNEDEK ER, Il
lustrated. 1 61110, Cloth, Ornamental,
H ENRY P. WELLS. I llustrated. Square
50 cents.
Svo, Cloth, Orn.amental, $2 50.
Football Facts and Figures
A Symposium 'of Exp�rt Opin ions on
the Game's Place in American Ath
, let"1cs. Compiled by WALTER CAMP.
· Post·svo; ?aper, 7 5 cents.
A.M.
A.M.
A.M.
A.M.
American __ Football
By WALT'ER CAMP. ·With 32 Portraits.
r6mo, Cloth, $1 25. (New and En
larged Edition, w ith Su pplementary
Chapter on the New Rules.)
Published by HAI?-PER & BROTH ERS, New York
hrough to all important points of GER·
e
k
MfJy ��fJIJ'� �tA�
OELRIOUS & 00,, 2 Bowling Green,
r 6mo,
By ISA CARRINGTON CABELL. With an
Illustration. 321110, Cloth, Ornamental.
,50 cents.
The above works m·e for sale by all booksellers, or will be mailed bJ' the publishers, postage P!·epaid,
, on receipt of the price.
'766
,r
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Linda Jacobs Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical note</h4>
<p>Dr. Linda Jacobs has a PhD in Near Eastern Archaeology/Anthropology. Author of <em>Digging In</em> (2011) and <em>Strangers in the West</em> (2023), Dr. Jacobs' work is on Middle Eastern culture and the nineteenth century Syrian Colony in New York.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content note</h4>
<p>The Linda Jacobs Collection contains multiple postcards, glass bottles, photos, and other printed materials like periodicals and magazines related to Syrian identity and culture in the United States.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893-1945
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Linda Jacobs
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes, 2020-2021.
Collection Guide created by Sarah Bernstein, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0059
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Postcards
Periodicals
Photographs
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LJacobs022
Title
A name given to the resource
“The Foreign Element in New York: The Syrian Colony” article from Harper's Weekly, 1895 August 10
Description
An account of the resource
An issue of Harper’s Weekly from Saturday, August 10, 1895. Includes an article titled, “The Foreign Element in New York: The Syrian Colony," on page 746. The article includes a depiction of the Syian colony on Washington Street.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1895 August 10
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Harper's Weekly
Subject
The topic of the resource
Periodicals
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
New York
Newspapers
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/6b154e6cb70f0a3bf3884a0c58a270b3.pdf
3b1e73d8fc7eb4750ff18fe228d8d135
PDF Text
Text
,
Copyright, 1891).
THE NEW YORK TIMEJ;l COMPANY.
ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE SUPPLEMENT.
SIXTEEN PAGES.
VOL. XLVIII....No. 15,479.
SUPPLEMENT TO THE NEW YORK TIMES.
AUGUST
20,
1899.
PRICE, FIVE CENTS.
J!'rom a Photograph Copyrighted by Bachrach & Bro., Baltimore, Md.
,.
CARDINAL GIBBONS.
•
I
�I
\
2
THE NEW YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE.
Q!bt N;tn, ffl'.o-:rk Qtimes.
I
CARDINAL GIBBONS.
became Secretary to Archbishop Spalding,
and on Aug. 16, 1868, was eonsecFated Bish
N the roll of notable men who
op of Adramythum. On the death of Bishop
· have won distinction In their
McGill he was transferred to Richmond,
respective vocations during the
Illustrated Magazine Supplement.
Va., Ji.,ly 30, 1872. The recognition of his
· nineteenth century stands the
merits and services elevated him to the
name of James, Cardinal Gib
See of Baltimore In 1877, succeeding Arch
bons, Archbishop of Baltimore.
AUGUST 20, 1899.
b-shop Bayley on Oct. 3 .of that year. He
As a churohman Cardinal Gib
was
one of the Chancellors of the Second
bons has met with pre-eminent success, and
Plenary Council of Baltimore, and• presided
is probably justly regarded by all sects and
WITHOUT PREJUDICE.
over the Third Plenary Council In Novem
denominations as one of the greatest prel
ber, 1884. He was Invited to Rome to take
A tourist writing from Frankfort-on-the
ates of the time. To the world at large ne
in the important considerations before
Main gives a notion of the lack of Prussian
is known and recognized as a pillar of part
the Holy See. It was then that his light
sympathy in the south of Germany. He strength in the cause of catholfcism. To
began
to shine as that of a representative
says: " I found the place most emphatically
those who have enjoyed a personal ac
American Catholic, a.nd from that time to
anti"Prussian. At breakfast I entered Into
quaintance with his Eminence, and have
the present his public services have been
conversation in French with a gentleman, . studied the traits of his character, the fact
conspkuous,
who remarked that German unity was still
Is palpable that the same qualities that
l<'rom time to time, after the death of
like Wagner's music, • a harmony of the
are responsible f.or .the exalted position he
Cardinal McClosky, reports were circulated
future.' Thinking he was a Frenchman, I holds in the Church would have brought
that another Cardi�al would be crnated for
turned my conversation in a way that I
him fame had he chosen for his life's work
America, and the names of several promi
thought would please him, but he quickly
some other profession or occupation.
nent
Archbishops were mentioned as prob
replied, • You take me for a Frenchman; I
A
diplomat
by
nature,
he has demon
able recipients -of the "red cap." The dis
am a German.' 'Ah! a Pruss.ian,' .I said.
strated
his
ability
to
cope
with
the
dilem
cussion over the new Cardinal having nar
• A thousand times no! ' I apologized for
mas that he has been called upon td meet.
rowed down between New York and Balti
my mistake. For the first time it dawned
He
is
gifted
with
a
rare
tact
that
is
per
more, the merits and privileges of the re
upon me that my companion felt less co_m
haps
h's
most
valuable
inheritance,
and
spective
cities then entered the contest, the
plimented in being taken for a Prussian
is certainly the characteristic that has stood
Catholic press taking ·up the matter with
than he had for being taken for a French'
him most In need In settling disputes that
considerable spirit. .On Feb. 10, 1886, a
man.'' The Frankfort tourist, on being de
were inevitable, and avoiding dissensione
cablegram was received from Rome an
sirous of obtaining a certain photograph of
that
would
have
arisen
had
he
been
less
nouncing the appointment of Archbishop
Wilhelm II. surrounded 'by his family,
politic.
With
this
priceless
possession,
with
Gibbons as the second American Cardinal.
which had greatly attracted him in Berlin,
a cool head and calm judgment, with a
Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore
went into one of the shops in Frankfort to
strong
personality
and
an
intimate
knowl
and
Primate of the American Catholic
secure a copy. The shopkeeper stammered
edge of human nature, the Cardinal could
nhurch, was admitted to the full degree of
and said: "I had one of those pictures, but
have made for himself a place in history - nls new title at the Cathedral In Baltimore
a gentleman bought it out of the window
whatever had bee� the s-pec:fic object of his
on Wednesday morning, June 30, 1886, re
and to-re it up before my face. The fact Is,
ambition. The natural force of the man,
ceiving the red hat at the hands of Arch
Sir that sort of thing 'is not as popular here
coupled
with
an
intensity
of
purpoE.>e,
a
bishop
Kenrick of St. Louis, who was deleas \t was once." We wonder if the Kaiser
is entirely oblivious to the chilly atmos
phere that is gradually congealing in Hesse
Nassau.
•••
Certain revelations have been made con
cerning the places whence the Bostonians
obtain their fresh rr.eats. Naturally Bos
tonians h
' ave begun to look upon beef with a
certain degree of suspicion. It is said that
they have taken to eating fish with a
unanimity that led the finny tribe to sup
pose that Lent had got an extension. In
the midst of this one John Snow, fl.sh dealer,
while cleaning his commodity, made a slight
incision with the knife in the thumb of his
right hand. The next clay the thumb began
to swell, then the arm, then one of the legs,
and finally Mr. Snow died. Bostonians then
looked askance at fish diet and were doubt
less contemplating turning vegetarians.
But physicians assured the public that the
unfortunate man had fallen a victim of
pyaemia, which, as every child in Boston
knows means inflammation of the veins,
and c�uld no more be produced by a fish
than by a •trawberry. Bostonians are no�
on their dorsal aliment again.
•••
"\\That may Interest American eng:neers
is the fact that the Porte has a scheme on
·root to tunnel under the Bosporus. There
Is an enormous traffic between the two sides
of the Bosporus, and the delay caused by
the opening and shutting of the bridg·e of
boats, which forms now the only means of
communication, is very troublesome. A
railroad company is now constructing Its
Jines on both sides, but little real profit is
expected unt!l the lines can be connected.
Hitherto this has been impossible, as the
existing bridges are scarcely large enough
for the ordinary passenger, to say nothing
of the constant interruption. Tunneling by
the ordinary way is not to be thought of,
as the water is extremely deep, with twenty
or thirty feet of mud at the bottom. Engi
neers of this age are not to be lightly baf11ed, however. The chief engineer of the
Porte has suggested a means of solving the
problem. He pr.oposes to suspend or float
a tunnel at about thirty-five feet below the
surface of the water, allowing uninterrupted
passage to vessels of the largest tonnage.
The Go:den Horn has no tide. The t,unnPI
js to be a wrought iron tube about ten feet
in diameter and 1,200 feet long. · The
gradient at each end would be fifty. lt
would weigh about 600 tons; maximum
weight of any train, 400 tons; concrete and
llning, to overcome the buoyancy of the
tube, 1,700 tons; water displacement, 2,700
tons. Holding-down chains of great strength
will neutralize the upward strain when the
train is not passing. It is reported that a
Russian firm will furnish the structure.
What the firm has received as a guarantee
of payment is not stated.
•••
Mr. Punch of London lately undertook to
express his admiration for bicycle skirts
and his contempt for the odious long
dresses. As usual Mr: Punch is right. A
long dress out of doors and dragging In
the du.st is becoming only In the fact of
its becoming such a• nuisance that the com
fort of mankind demands its .abolition. Mr.
Pl-nch has an idea that ladies rather like
their dresses to be trampled on, as It affords
them an excuse for turning sharply around
and attracting an attention which they oth
erwise might miss. Mr. Punch says he feels
neither pity nor • compunction when he
treads on a train; Indeed, his soul rejoices,
he adds, when he tears a fine new train.
Slimmer Individuals, however, are both
mentally and bodily upset by such an acci
dent, and results not wholly laughable have
mo-re than once occurred. But Mr. Punch
aside, really, while this foolish fashion lin
gers In our streets, a notice should be
_
placarded at every crowded cro_ssing, b1d
Jir.g all who pass there to "Beware of the
trains!"
LITTLE CHILDREN OF THE WIND.
I hear the little children of the wind
Crying solitary in lonely places:
I have not seen their faces,
But I have seen the leaves eddy-Ing behind,
•.rhe little tremulous leaves of the wind.
-FIONA MACLEOD 1n The Sketch.
as is known he has never allowed himsP.lf
to be drawn into a discussion over th8
matter, · even with those who are closest
and most intimate with him.
As a loyal American the Cardinal Is an
advocate of democracy, and is himself une
of the most democratic persons imaginable.
He dislikes show and pretension, pomp and
vanity, and his daily life and surroundings
are marked by extreme simplicity.
His
house is comfortably furnished, but there
is no display of wealth or splendor. Many
of the homes of the working men in the
Cathedral parish are provided with more
luxuries and handsomer interior decora
tions. Strangers visiting Baltimore often
express surprise at the ease with which they
procure admission into the archiepiscopal
residence. The Cardinal, or some member
of his household, receives all of those who
call, and there is no distinction made in
favor of the rich and the powerful over the
humble and lowly. The doors are opened to
those who would enter.
His Eminence is a great pedestrian, and
his tall figure, which is now bent by age
and cares, is familiar on the streets of his
native city. He always appears in a frock
coat, and he usually carries a stout cane.
He was provided with a handsome carriage,
and he could ride in state should he so elect,
but he prefers to walk. His constitutional,
on Charles Street, on a fair afternOOJ!, is a
pleasant feature of his routine life. Every
body knows him by sight, and he has to ac
knowledge many salutations from passers
by. His rambles used to extend several
miles, but In recent months the walks have
been shorter. The Cardinal is advancing In
years, and no better evidence of his grow
ing feebleness Is apparent than in the
length of his constitutional. His Eminence
is of course in demand at social gatherings
of note, and he is often besought to offi
ciate at weddings. He responds to as many
of these requests as he consistently can.
Many instances are related of the Cardi
nal's broadmlndedness as well as his tact
and diplomacy in avoiding religious discus
sions with persons whose views are opposed
to his own. Upon one occasion, so the story
runs in Baltimore, a young journalist was
sent by his chief to interview his Eminence
upon a topic of local interest. Whe� the in
terview was over the Cardinal and his caller
had a friendly chat upon a variety of sub
jects,.including the Church. The journalist
was a Protestant, and in the argument that
followed he became excited and expressed
himself freely from his point of view. Upon
returning to his office he reflected upon the
outcome of his visit and came to the con
clusion that he stood a fair chance of being
discharged should the Cardinal repeat the
conversation to his editor. The next day his
Eminence dropped into the newspaper of
fice In question and asked to see the pro
prietor, who was his personal friend. The
reporter was told of the call and quaked in
his boots. The publisher and the Cardinal
discussed a matter of mutual Interest to
them, and before leaving his Eminence
said: "By the way, you sent a young man
to see me yesterday and I was rather im
pressed with him. He appears to have the
courage of his convictions. It would please
me if you could do something better for
him." Within a month the re-porter who
had anticipated dismissal received a grati
fying promotion.
RALEIGH COLSTON SMITH.
HARVEST SONG.
r
WILLIAM M. EVARTS.
Secretary of State During the Administration of President Hayes.
wonderful amount of energy, an enormous
capacity for hard work, and the happy
faculty of solving difficulties instead of
promoting them would have caused him to
shine as a statesman.
While this s. ketch is intended to be de
voted principally to the personal traits and
characteristics of Cardinal Gibbons, it is,
nevertheless, permissible that something
should be told of h1s early life, and the
circumstances that led to h:s accession as
the head of the Roman Catholic Church in
Ameri'ca. In a broad sense, he Is a -public
man aside from his religious or official life.
He takes more tnan a passing interest in
pu'bl:c 1;1,ffairs-a leading part as a citizen.
With due propriety he expresses his opin
ions whenever callea for, and exercises every
right of citizenship. He is an ideal, Amer
ican, and no less true to his Chur,ch as an
ecclesiastic. He is a friend of the n
· ews
papers, and the press is his friend.
Baltimore is the Cardinal's birthpla;ce, and
the Cathedral his home. He was bdrn in
that city July 23, 1834, and is n9w, sixty
five years old. There he was baptized, and
served successively as pr'est. Bishop, Arch
bishop, and Cardinal. At the age of ten
he was taken to Ireland by his father, and
there made the acquaintance of Archbishop
McHale. Returning to this country he be
came a student at ;:,t. Charles College and
.St. Mary's ·seminary, Baltimore. In 1860
he was ordained by Archbishop Kenrick,
and his first charge was at St. Patrick's
Church, in the Monumental City. Later he
gated by Leo.. XIII. as his representative.
The scene attending the Investiture was one
of great brilliancy, and was never before
or has not since been equaled in th'e City of
Monuments.
There is perhaps no man of his promi
nence in the country who is so easily ap
proached by newspaper men as Cardinal
Gibbons, He makes It a point always to
see representatives of the press when they
call at his residence, and he willingly gives
out such news for publication as should ap
pear in print. He takes an interest In af
fairs of the day, and will often discuss with
his' interviewers public questions, provided'
the topics are those that he can with pro
priety express an 012inlon about. In an ad
dress delivered. before the Press Club of
New Orlean
. s two Winters ago his Emi
nence declared that In half a century's ex
perience with newspaper men he could not
recall a single instance In which his confi
dence had been violated. There is only one
subject that the Cardinal not only refuses
to discuss, but becomes hurt and offended
when It Is mentioned by the frlendlv re
porters who call to see him, and that is
the possibility of his being elected Pope
upon the death of the present Pontiff. In
this respect he probably shares the opln;on
of most well-informed Catholics, who be
lieve that the College of Cardinals would
under no circumstances choose as a suc
cessor to Leo any one not an Ita)lan. ,At
any rate, the proposition Is one that his
EminE;nce regards as distasteful, and so far
All's at an end now, naught's for keeping,
Bide ye quiet, nor rise for reap'ng.
Harvest cares shall not break your slumber;
Naught shall harass you, naught shall cumber.
Out of the sun and deep in the shade,
Dark and dim is your covert made;
Gleaning's over and low the sun,
Harvest's ended ere well begun.
.Scythe and strawband and hook let fall,
Harvester, to you the sleep flowers call:
" Was a time to sow and a time to reap,
Now the wheat is down is the time to
sleep."
All the wages thy toil has earned
Lie beside thee. to poppies turned
Death beside thee d'.d also reap;
Harvester, Har,vester, lie and sleep.
-Pall Mall Gazette.
Discovered.
From Tit-Bits.
His Wife-Give me that letter you just
opened. I can. see it's from a woman, and
you turned pale when you looked at It.
Him-'Here you are. It is the bi:l from
your dressmaker. Who wouldn't turn pale?
He111•y C. Brewster,
The New President or the New York State
Bankers• Association,
�JGUST 20, 1SuB'.
-
I
THE NEW iY ORK TIMES-ILLUSTRAT
3
,W YORK IN MANY CABINETS.
I
SECR E:'I'A RIES
be.en a United States Senator and Secre
tary of War under President Polk, was
called to be Secretary Of State by President
Pierce. There are a few men now living
in Washington who saw Marcy while he
was Secretary of State. He lived in a house
that is now a part of the Arlington Hotel,
and which was at the time of his occupation
considered one of the most impressive man
sions of the city. He was a ma·n of Im
pressive bearing, and bis portrait, painted
by Hin.ckey, as shown in the Department of
State, emphasizes the stern characteristics
of the man. Marcy died at Ballston Spa on
July 4, 1857, just on the eve of a proposed
visit to Europe with his family.
William H. Seward, of whom an accepta
ble portrait by Andrews is found in the
State Department collection, was another
OF STATE.
HE State of New York has had
its share of the responsibilities
and honors of the office of Sec
retary of State. Forty-two ap
pointments have been made to
that office since the services of
such an officer were first needed
and obtained, and the Empire State has fur
n!shed nine of the appointees. Robert R.
Livingston was the first. He held the place
of " Secretary for Foreign Affairs " from
Sept. 23, 1781, to June 4, 1783, when John
Jay of New York succeeded him as " Sec
retary to the United States of America for
the Department of Foreign Affairs." Mr.
Jay continued to guide the foreign corre
spondence of the Nation from Sept. 21, 1784,
to Sept. 15, 1789, when thP. Department of
State was organized. He was then made Sec
retary of State, holding office from Sept.
l::i, 1789, to Sept. 26, 1789, on which day
Thomas Jefferson of Virginia occupied the
cffice under George Washington as first
President.
In the Diplomatic Parlor of the Depart
ment of State at Washington, the room in
which the Secretary of State receives all
newly arrived diplomatic officers and all
established foreign representatives who call
on him on business on each Thursday, are
hung the portraits of the Seeretar!es of
State, beginning with Jefferson. Nobody
about the department can help the student
of history who wants to Know just when
the department began "to ask the Secretaries
to have their portraits painted, but it is
the opinion of the elder clerks that the prac
tice of procuring the portraits is a compara
tively modern one. The collection is one
of pictures of different quallties, some of
the worst being those of not many years
back,
Martin Van Buren, " the Sage of Kinder
hook," the first New York cit-!zen to be
called to the department after John Jay, is
the subject of a painter (Andrews) -who has
done his work agreeably, but the work is
not considered at all " important." He took
office with Andrew Jackson on March 6,
1829. If the portrait shows him as he then
was, he was a fine, full-blooded man, -whose
rubicund countenance was framed in a
mass of gray hair that stood out briskly
from his head; and abundant mutton-chop
whiskers of a pattern not now often seeli.
Van Buren was not a stranger to Washing
ton when he went there as Jackson's chief
Cabinet officer. He had been a Senator
of the United States from the State of New
York from March, 1821, to 1828, when he
resigned. That experience, during the terms
of Monroe and John Quincy Adams, was
i.:seful if not agreeab!e, and it helped him to
become Governor of New York. Almost
as soon as he had taken bis seat at Albany
he redigned the office of Governor to ac
cept the appo'ntment to the office of Secre
tary of State.
Although Van Buren appears from the
date under his portrait to have taken office
on March 6, 1829, it appears elsewhere that
he did not resign his office of Governor
until March 12, when he informed the Leg
islature of " the unsolicited and distin
guished honor " that had been conferred
ex-Governor and ex-Senator,
HAMIL'.DON l<'ISH,
Secretary or State During the Administra tion of President Grant.
upon him by the President. There was
great dissatisfaction among the party men,
but a d'nner was given to Van Buren at
New York on March 23, on his way to
Washington, where he arrived April 11. A
newspaper of the time made a paragraph
concerning him that sounds very quaint
and respectful now. It read: " In the pres
ent state of political feeling, it may be well
to notice what we see stated In the papers,
that Mr. Van Buren, soon after his arrival
in Washington, vis'.ted on the late Presi
dent, Mr. Adams, at bis residence on
Meridian Hill. We know no reason why
differences in political opinion should forbT"d
the common courtesies of life."
While he was Secretary of State, Mr. Van
Buren lived on Pennsylvan'a Avenue, be
tween Nineteenth and Twentieth Streets,
MARTIN VAN BUREN,
Secretary of State Under President ,!ackson.
probably in a building still standing, but
looking very shabby with age and neglect.
Van Buren liked to lixe well, and did not
share the democratic habits of Jackson as
to the ways of his household. When he
came to be President he lived so extrava
gantly as to provoke intense criticism for
the lavish expenditures made to furnish the
White House. But be was a rank spoils
man, as the history of his dismissal of
Slade, an employe of the Department of
State, shows, as it Is related In the pam
phlets of the time.
After a service of about t-wo years Van
Buren resigned, to prepare for the Presi
dential race. It was twenty-two years
later, In March, 1853, that William L.
Marcy, who had held many State offices,
passing,
in
fact, from the Senate Chamber, where he
had served from 1849. to the head of the
•State Department in 1861, as the leading
member of the Cabinet of Abraham Lin
coln. Mr. Seward Jived In a house that
had been famous as the Washington Club,
in front of which Daniel E.. Sickles killed
Philip Barton Key, in which Seward nar
rowly escaped assassination in 1865, in
which James G. Blaine lived and died while
he was Secretary of -State, and which was
destroyed to make way for the L afayette
Square Opera House.
A citizen of New York held the office of
Secretary of. State from 1861 to 1881, almost
without interruption.
After Mr. Sewal'd
had served first with Lincoln, and then with
Johnson, for eight years, E. B. Washburne
of Illinois accepted the office, but held it
only six days, to be succeeded by Hamilton
Fish, who was President Grant's Secretary
for eight years. There is a pleasing por
trait of Mr. Fish, by Huntington, in the
CQllection at the department, evidently
painted very early in Mr. Fish's official
term. The tradition at the State Depart
ment is that Mr. Fish was a very reticent,
dignified head of the State Department, and
by the small remnant of the social circle
of bis day he is remembered as having es
tablished a social standard rather higher
than had been aimed at by any Cabinet
officer for many years. Mr. F:sh lived in
a house on the corner of Fifteenth and I
Streets, a large and comfortable building
that has since been enlarged bY
another
·
owner, but which is still called the Fish
mansion by Washington people, who do not
easily let drop the distinction given to the
plain brick house by a Secretary of State
who exercised great influ03nce over President
· Grant.
Perhaps there Is no better portrait in the
Diplomat!<: Parlor than that of William M.
Evarts, Secretary of State ·under Presi
dent Hayes, painted by William Chase. It
is a good representation of Mr. Evarts as
he appeared In 1877, when be was a man
of great activity and endurance. Mr. Evarts
lived in a house on K Street, corner of Fif
teenth, now owned by Representative R. R.
Hitt. It is a large and attractive place,
with a side lot of liberal width between the
house and Fifteenth Street. This wide
space Is given up to lawn, and, being well
shaded, is a most inviting green spot to all
E. G. D.
passers-by.
WJLLIAM H. SEWARD,
Secretary of State Under President Lincoln.
�4
___,,
----------
K TIMES-ILLUSTRATED' · MAGAZINE.
,---...__,
.k:1 GUST 20, lb.
NEW YORK'S SYRIAN QUARTER.
-� corner of Recway of Sa a
s
LITTLE imagination, Jlke a lit 1:or Street, where I have been sipping Syrian
arac,
a
glorified
absinthe,
beady, yet divine
tle learning, is an exceedingly
to the taste. A wonderful shop, this of · the
dangerous thing. It has a fash
ion of making ducks and drakes
�erchant Sahadi, with nati�--�
of the real truth, welding, often- · liqueurs, American groceries, swords and
la�ps, glass bracelets of many colors,
times, exaggerations of facts mto
Oriental embroideries, watE!r pipes, (hubble
a tale not far from nonsensical,
bu'bbles,) and their " fixirtgs_" ; Kaydouh Is
a farrago that would be dramatic and in
a type of the better class Syrian of the
teresting were the picture only painted in
quarter, of t?e sort that ma�e shops like
Its own true colors. .Riotous running after
this, filled w1tlr wares that are not. inexstartling facts is the inwardness of this,
pensive, paying enterprises.
There are ·,,
and it happens, therefore, that on many a
plenty . of low grade 'groceries and restau
subject the outer world, that does not in
course,
rants,
for,
of
the
greater
number of
vestigate at close hand, gets false ideas.
the colony's 3,-000 •�yrians are poor. But
The Syrian quarter-famed in the !l!ads of
many o.f. these Orientals afe well off com
some ambitious young writers for the press
parat!ve- ly. Kaydouh; save fpr ·his oli;e skin
-is a case in point.
and his cast of features, scarcely seems a
Now, there is nothing gorgeously roman
Syrian at all. His English is pure and has
tic about this tousled, unwashed section of
Ii ttle foreign accent. He is a wholesale
New York. It has abundant interest, of
merchant on this• self same block, an im
course, as any gathering of Orientals in any
porter with his uncle, Tadrose, of Syria?}
part of the world outside their own o· rient
wares, and young as he is he is becoming
would-have. Turks, Armenians, Syrians, when
a sort of a godfather to the poor of the
they ship for America, do not leave all
colony. Americanized completely a}ready he
their quaint customs, garments, ways of
may yet become a political, leader to the
thinking at home. Nor do they become or
quarter. and swing the Syrian. vote.
qinary American citizens directly after
The Greek Church priest hurries by, a
landing. Just enough of their traits, dress,
bearded figure in rusty black, speaking only
ideas remain, no matter how long they
contrast with ·
have been here, to give the colonies they Syrian, a foreigner in sharp
the young man here, for · this ecclesiastic ·
form spice and a touch of novelty. But
has eye� and ears for his people only, and
these same colonies are by no means haunts
does not touch the life of New York at any,
'lf A siatic mystery and seductions.
point. He might quite as well be in some
·' Red-Fezzed Heads ; Languorous Eyes."
tiny Syrian village. His " church " ls easy
S YRIAN TYPES OF ALL AGES.
These words the writer recalls as the lu.ad
to enter. It l.s a room on the second floor
line of a newspaper article on the :New
From a Flashlight Photograph Taken in the Str-eet at 10 o'Clock at Night.
of one of these dingy tenements that are
York Syrians not so very long ago. In
shops. and mercantile establishments be
high colors this painted up men that were
low, dwellings above. No other sanctuary
'worshippers. Not far away, each Sunday,
to play a part in !New York. A picturesque r picturesque ; dusky beauties, with eves that
in New York is half so gorgeous and gay.·
meet a 'band of Syrian Catholics, while in
figure, too, is disclosed in Shibli N. Damus,
were meltingly charming in their softness.
The end of the room where the pr4est. Rector Street, under the guidance of the
editor of " Al-Isiah," as pen in hand, cor
It was a theatric Syrian quarter that thl:i
stands, the " altar," here de_signated . ,p riest Kormomas, is the little congregation
recting the quaint proofs, rolling countless
explorer claimed he had found, a quarter
•
b
y
two
small
reading
desksand
two
'
·
the
Christian
·of
Maronites,
that
strange
cigarettes
of Syrian tobacco; capped with a
whose · only realization must have been be
great candlesticks, the " holy of holies "
sect of strange rites. '
blue fly, he sits at his desk. N. Arbeely,
hind the footlights. Where could he have
being . h'idden in a closed recess, is paneled
Agaip the number three fo,:v " Little
the third editor, whose paper " Kawab
come across it?
Certainly not in lower
completely with sacre.d paintings. Ii:i bril
Syria." Three newspapers thrive in the
America,'• ls the only dally, is a man of
Washington Street-though he claimed this
liant colors are depicted the agony of the
quarter,
more
remarkable
even
to
the
eye
the same type. The writer cannot say as to
is the locality-the place of New York's
Christ, the mighty saints of the Church of
wit.h their Arabic fonts of type that look
the last named, but the two former were
real Syrian quarter.
the East. Chairs, now crowded to one
like schoolboy pothooks than are the strange
educated at 'the American College In BaiFor lower Washington Street has no am
side, are the seats. A table holds many
Yiddish news sheets of the Ghetto. There
reuth, and can speak and write English,
bitions In such directions. It is foreign,
French, Arabic, German, Greek, and Italian.
quaint, interesting, but not in the manner
Foreign politics, " Young Syria," the
the tale-tellers scribble about It. It has no
overthrowing of the Ottoman powe.r in the
" languorous eyes " and few u red fezzes."
lands _ of Syria and Armenia, with the im
In its bounds there are, Indeed, a number
petus and the sinews of war for this move
of amazingly pretty girls, prettier, one is
ment coming from New York, the existence
tempted to assert, than those of any other
of a hotbed of revolut4onists on lower
foreign colony of New York could bring
Washington •Street-these are the stories
forth. But-and here is another point that
that are excitedly told from time to time
distinguishes the Syrians from the other
of this colony. There may be something in·
foreigners of the city-all these girls, with
them,
of course, a few may be fomenting
the exception of the public dancing maidens,
a rising against the grim Sultan so
kE;ep very closely, day and evening, to their
far away, because of whom many have had
homes. " Little Syria " is curious in that
, to flee. But there are, at all events, no in
It is made up of Orientals of many stations
dications on the surface, nothing that evi
in life. The lower class, men and women
dences anything of the sort to the onlook
alike, have little that is attractive about
er. These are too commercial a people, on
them. They have been called the dirtiest
the whole, to make serious revolutionary
people in all New York, and their tenement
propagating a business. This ls a colony
rooms are dens of grime and odor. The
where-in nearly every one is a merchant on
women here have no beauty of either face
his own account. The employes-such is
or form. But a block or so away are Orien
the curious state of affairs-are very few.
tals of a very diverse soqial order. These
First come the importers, then the shop
are the families of the small merchants,
keepers, then the traveling merchants, the
the very prosperoUB peddlers. Their women
peddlers with packs upon their backs. Each
folks, in many a case, are attractive, and
has a stake that will increase every year
markedly, but these appear less on Wash
In the uninterrupted importation of goods
ington Street than does a Fifth Avenue
from
the Orient. For there is hardly a man
belle on the public highways. It ls only
that
does not sell Syrian and Turkish and
through the chinks of a shutter by day
Armenian wares, fabrics, metals, embroiderthat one gets a glimpse of . one of these
ies, and novelties.
]
transplanted beauties of Syria.
They have bullt up this trade through the
Let it not be thought, however, that this
East, a few venturesome Syrians even clos
quarter is devoid of charm, that it ls not
irtg in on the Western country with much
we,rth a visit, and more than one. This
success, and the demand for the sort of
foreword is written merely to disabuse the·
things they sell increases year following
minds of those who have read that' it pos
SAHADI'S SHOP, WHE.RE $.YRIAN " ARAC," GROCERIES, AND CURIOS
year. The average Syrian in America 1s-....
sesses extraordinary romance. In a man
;J.'-.RE
SOLD.
not very provident; he ls apt to spend the
ner, the Ghetto, or one of New York's
most of that which he gains each week in
" Italies," is inore romantic, for in these
pleasure,
but it is hardly comprehensible
candles, to be bou'ght day after day as the
is " Al-Isiah," (Reform,) · " Al-Ayam," (Re
colonies there are at least some hints of
that these. men should jeopardize their
votive offerings of the worshippers. ·The
former,) and· " Kawab .America," (Star .of
national costumes. Syria. , down in Wash
chance of livelihood in the manner said.
America.) In the Ghetto the · " molders of
ington Street, shows nothing beyond a fez wall ls thickly covered with crudely painted,
Syria Is shrewd and keen these days, and
public thought " are · frequently unwashed
highly colored pictures, large and small, of
here and again and an occasional hP-H <l
there is much that might be <:alled " caf�
and gr�sy. •Syria's editors, . on the other
yet other saints, martyrs, and religious
dress of black on the part of the women.
talk."
scenes. •Stories are told in these that only hand, are delicately nurtured gentlemen, of
The dancing girls, those Fatimas that are
the
liigi;lest
mercantile
order.
Malouf
ls
a
they who bend the knee to the Metropolitan
It is lower · Washington Street in the
not recruited from tlie slopes of Cherry
famous name for extensive trade in the
of. Constantinople can know. To any one,
Hill, and are decidedly pinchback god
early evening. The foul tenements close to
B,attJry Place have spat out their hordes of
however, the room is impressive, and full
colony. , Joseph Malquf, •" Al-Ayam's " edi
desses, are a little more foreign in aopear
of a dignity that does not lose its power.
tor, one· of this family, is a man of extraor
dwellers and the streets are crowded. Up
ance, it is true, but they are few _ )p num
Three churches " !Little Syria " supports,
dinary personal attractions, a romantic. above, near Rector Street, lights stlll gleam
ber and away from Washington Street most
all in its tenements' rooms.
looking figure, who •· it would seem, had
in the buildings on the east side of the way,
of the time.
The Greek Church has the bulk . of the
stepp_ed out of the pages ef a Syrian novel
for •h ere are the better class, whose women
Michael Kaydouh meets me at the door-
A CONVIVIAL GROUP WITH THE'.lR WATIDR PIPES · AND SYRIAN WINE.
THE LITTLE GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH ON WASHINGTON S'.l.'Rli;ET.
�----------------
/
.UGUST 20, 1899.
r
5
THE NEW j YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED MAGAZI NE.
ONE OF THE SHOPS IN THE SYRIAN QUARTER.
may not and would not pace the streets of
a night to be viewed by every Syrian Tom
and · Dick. The very best and most pros
perous class of Orientals, it sliould be said,
do not live here at all. Their men come to
Washington -Street to business during the
day, but their homes are In Brooklyn or on
Staten Island. All these considerations ac
count for there being so few women on
Washington Street of a night, and so sel
dom a young and pretty girl. Hags there
are In great plenty, some dozens of stout
matrons, but so far as street life goes the
Eve of Syria, the Leila, best beloved of All,
Is not there.
This :brings about a strange sort of col
ony, one widely different from those of
Jewry and the various " Italles," w'here the
chaffing between man and girl and girl and
man In the patter of some dialect o-r In pub
lic school Americanese forms a great por
tion of the evening's amusement. Indeed,
the Syrian quarter · in many a regard Is a
Jaw unto itself. It Is In the restaurants that
become caf�s after Syria has eaten her
evening meal that what Is perhaps the most
Interesting life is to be seen.
There are half a dozen and more of these
restaurants, the greatest of which, perhaps,
Is Arta's. Arta is a magnificent specimen
of the modern Syrian, broad shouldered,
massive, 6 feet tall in his stockings, far
over 200 pounds In weight. The hardness of
his glossy olive skin shows that not an
ounce of this weight is superfluous. A curl
ing black mustache adorns his face, and he
Is of the type that from 11\s very personality
controls women as well as men. When a
Syrian of any class is handsome he Is apt
to be exceedingly handsome.
They call Arta the " Mayor of Washing
ton Street," a title of great honor. A man
of mark In this rolony, he yet does not
speak a syllable of English. It Is not neces
sary. He comes Into no touch with the
outer world, and none but Syrians wander
to eat and drink Into his store of the low
celling, the parlor of one of New York's
old houses, with the back rqom turned Into
a kitchen. In shirt sleeveJ, fezzed, all his
other garments quite American, this Syrian
Innkeeper Is a sight gobd to _Iook upon.
One glance at the Arabic bill of fare,
written In Arabic script on a flimsy bit of
v
- hite paper, shows the impossibility of mak
ing head or tall out of It. That New York
ers may know what the dainties of the
Syrian restaurants here are, a translation
of this bill of fare has been made, with
comments on Sunday dishes :
centre of each walnut paste and ground
sugar. The toothsome morsel then goes into
the oven and is thoroughly baked. No bak
lawa Is ever seen in the colony -in the Sum
m€r months, however. It Is a Winter dish,
as all other varieties of Syrian pastry are.
When the Summer days come the baker of
the quarter shuts up shop, for he has no
customers at all.
In these restaurants at night, then trans
muted _ into caf�s. a red Syrian wine is
A SYRIAN RE.STAURANIJ' ON WASHINGTON STREET.
A DEWEY
TABLET IN
WOOD.
BURNT
If Admiral Dewey is · not embarrassed by
the .shower of gifts his friends are prepar
ing for him when he arrives in New York, It
will not be the tault of his friends. One
of the latest tokens of appreciation which
has been prepared is a decorative tablet,
of heated Irons, producing an effect of rich
brown tones, combined with a slightly mod
eled surface that suggests wood carving.
The design repre90nts Dewey seated In
his familiar wicker chair, with his hand
resting on the hilt ·of a sword, while be
neath Is shown a view of Manila Bay, with
the fleet In action; eagles, with outspread
wings, Jaure! wreaths, and the Inscription,
" Manila, May the First; 1898," are por
tions of an architectural border surrounding
the whole.
Mr. Weed's work In this medium hae been
seen at exhlbithms In this city and else
where, where It has attracted attention.
FRENCH COMFORT.
A SYRIAN FRUIT AND IOE GREAM STAND.
A Popular .Spot with the Youngsters.
drunk and the " hubble bubbles " appear.
These Igse none of their attractions because
the m,an smoking them is in :American
·clothes Instead of a national costume. The
"wat€r pipe " is still an Institution of the
Syrian quarter, though its use is limited to
hours of e.ase, the cigarette having vogue by
day. Chess and a game much resembling
checkers are ' the amusements of these
cafes; and in their dimly lighted depths,
many of them being. mere burrows in base
Rice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .·. . . . . 5 cents ments, roughly clad ;men, peddlers return€d
from a journeying, may be seen. playing for
Mutton neck, stuffed, with rice and
sliced meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 cents hours.
These caf�s. the shops, the wholesale em
Squash, similarly prepared . . . . . . . . . 10 cents
poriums, . and ·the group of dirty ten€m.ents
Okra, (a vegetable resembling beans,)
cooked with mutton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 cents . down toward Battery Place tell the story of
" Little Syria " precisely. The shops are
Grape leaves, stuffed with veal and ·
nearly all groceries to start with, but they•
mutton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lO ·cents
carry much e_lse. in -stock, not the l€ast
Mutton roast, with potatoes . . . . . . . . 10 cents
among which sundries are great brass
Eggplant'; stuffed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 cents
lamps, one store in particular having almost
Kobei, (pronounced couby,) . wheat
its
entire ceiling hung with these. The
roughly ground up and mixed ,to- wholesale establishments, <,specially those
gether with - mutton ; baked in
oven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 cents in a big modern business building, are much
Americanized in their arrangements, but
Eggplant, fried with sweet oil . . . . . . 10 cents
theJr heaps of goods speak of the Orient and
Laban, thickened milk, &c., prethat
•alone. Goods suita.b-1€ for a peddler's
pared in a peculiarly Syrian way ;
pack are what these keen importers deal in,
a ·dessert . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 cents
and little novelties of metal and fabric· that
It must be made known that Arta's is one can be nothing but Eastern fill their shelves.
of Syria's finest res.taurants.
There a-re 'Silks and embroideries and rugs are other
none in the bounds of the entire colon·y of
favorite articles of commerce. Some of the
better class, an'd several much cheaper and signs are very stra.nge to America.n eyes
poorer. The Syrian , ot, the best class must
'.' Selim Elias," "Noor & Maloof,;• "Rahaim
go outside of the quarter if ·h e would g
- el
& MalhamL"
his meals away from home. Even· to aii
The entire City of New York cannot show
American palate, however, Arta's cooking
anything more vi!J.ainously filthy than the
is tasty and delicate. It has a fragrance
old tenements on the west side near the foot
all its own, neither French nor Teutonic,
of Washington Street, and the dens on th€ir
something quite apart.
lower floors.
Here hags and heldames
The bread and pastry here are even
gather, wretched old men and great fami
stranger. A Syr,a.n loaf is like unto a gi
lies of dirty children, besides fat matrors
gantic circular corn cake, about four •inches
and workmen, who do not think it W•)rth
In diamet€r. It is of wheat, puffs at the the while to wash off the grime of toil. This
centre, and when broken is discovered to be
Is " Little Syria's " inferno, but one of its
little more than a wel!-browned outer crust.
sides. There are yet bright€r sides, for,
The national dish of pastry_ that stands in
take it all In all, the colony is by no• means
the 1>lace of the great Am€rlcan pie !s
badly housed or badly fed. The men and
baklawa, as nearly as English Jetter-s can
women a.re Improvident; It Is "easy come,
render the phonetic equivalent. This is
easy go." ·Syria believes In spending money
made up of ;lfteen to twenty thin layers of
while it jingles in the pocket.
paste, with butter In between, and in the .
CROMWELL CHILDE.
designed by Raphael A. Weed, which has
been purchased by C. C. Shayne of the Dew
ey Reception Committee, and presented to
the committee to be given Admiral Dewey
on his arrival.
The tablet. which measures about 3 by 4
feet In size, Is something unique, the de
sign being burned into prepared and pol
ished white basswood by the application
In the best hotel in Paris one gets lux
ury, comfort, and even splendor, but never
one's cards or notes, according to Harper's
Bazar. There is a fatal gulf for 'these.
One is a number, not an Individuality. The
table is, however, very luxurious. It Is
a clean and well-ordered caravansary. As
for t!"!e comfort of warmth In Winter, they
do not know the meaning of the word. We
are justly accused of exaggerating the heat
of our rooms in America; the furnace is de
·nounced ; but' after freezing to death in
Paris, one of the coldest of cities, very far
north, cursed with an abominable Winter
climate, one returns willingly to the heated
rooms of America.
We exaggerate the excellence of the
French bed. ' There is no such thing In
France as that comfortable, broad, low
thing which we call a French bed. A high,
hard, narrow shelf is the apology for it.
We exaggerate our comforts by having
gas in ·our sleeping rooms, and hot and cold
water in our stationary washbowls and
bathrooms. They never exaggerate com
fort in France. You have as many candles
as you will pay for, and no bath, unless
you order It, when men laboriously bring
you a tub filled with hot or cold water, and
take n· away after you have ·bathed.
'We exaggerate very much the supposed
good living In France. ·T o go to a hotel
In Paris to live we must expect out of the
season very little good food, very little
that Is sustaining and nourishing. rt' is
" all sauce." There are no good joints of
mutton, no good America-n desserts. This
Is an especial discomfort to the sick, who
never get good toast, good custard, good
tapioca pudding, nor oysters that they like.
A DElWIEY MEMORIAL IN BURN T WOOD, FROM THE DESIGN BY
RAPHAEL A. W•EED.
Purchased by C. C. Shayne, and Presented to the Dewey Reception Commit
tee, to be Given to Admiral Dewey on His Arrival.
�------------------i
6
THE NEW Y O RK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED :MAGAZI NE.
B ATTERY PARK IN SUMMER.
A.TTERY Park Is New York's
front yard. At Its gate, the
Barge Office, picturesque groups
of immigrants arrive daily. Vis
itors from the rural districts
set the Battery down among
the first places of Interest that
they will go to see In New York. It is the
parade ground of a large army of suburban
ites, who must pass through it to and from
their employments In the city.
To excursionists and their boats at this
season the :eattery bears somewhat the
relation that Tampa bore to our army and
navy during the Cuban campaign. Here
the little boys dressed in sailor suits, with
" Dewey " or "' Hobson " on their caps, are
taught to distinguish ships from ferryboats
and to tell at great distances the flags of
all countries. New Yorkers in general re
gard the Battery as their coolest and clean
est park-a place equally well swept by
o�ean breezes and brooms.
'Dhe clock In the tower of the Produce
Exchange, watching over B
, attery Park,
sec-ms to exert some magic Influence upon
its frequenters, changi.1g their character
with each passing hour. At sunrise the
vendors come. "Notable among these are
the two portly figures against the walls of
the Barge Office, whose faces have grown
as familiar to the passing public as the
Statue or Liberty. These women make a
specialty of serving breakfasts of crullers .
and bananas to belated clerks from Staten
Island, who have bathed or danced all night
and overslept themselves in the morning.
Following the clerks come the " boss;es,"
who always take time to breakfast at home,.
and consequently do not have to patronize
the vend,:,rs.
After the passlni,, of the suburbanites Bat
tery Park Is given up to sightseers, with
bored New Yorkers accompanying them as
guides. Sightseers come especially to visit
the aquarium, to get a view · of the Statue
of Liberty, and, above all, to be able to
say that they have been to the Battery.
Twelve o'clock Is trysting hour at the
Battery for the clerks along lower Broad
way. They give rush orders at the quic'k
lunch counters, and devise excuses for their
" bosses," In order to spend as long a
time as possible dallying with Amaryllis
in the shade of the Battery Park trees, the
AmaryUses being impersonated by the pret
ty stenographern and typewriters who are
EO numerous on the lower end of Manhattan
Isl-and.
We all admire the sporty tan that dis
tinguishes the faces of down-town clerks.
It suggests to our minds happy days at the
seashore or in the Berkshire Hills. But we
wonder how the six-dollar-a-week clerks
can spare the money or time to rusticate
at the resorts. If one who wishes to solve
the problem will visit Battery Park at
noon he will find that this is the clerks'
tanning yard, where human skin Instead
of hide is made and kept a la mode. The
process of tanning is simple and natural.
They sit in the sun with bare heads as
many minutes each luncheon time as the
clock In the Exchange tower will permit.
'!'he term of days required ·depends greatly
upon the skin and the sun. However, the
would-be sport begi'ls early in the season
and calculates on bringing his complexion
to the proper hue by the time he purchases
his Sr.mmer suit and hat. The young lady
stenographer who daily takes her consti
tutional at the Battery Is equally pains-
taking with her complexion, 'but In another
way. She fears that If her face Is tanned
people may think It ·became so while hang
Ing out clothes to dry on the roof of her
flat. She therefore uses a parasol, hand
kerchiefs, and newspapers to protect her
face and neck from the tanning rays.
At 5 o'clock In the afternoon the sub
urbanites are again In evidence at the Bat
tery. This time the " bosses " come first,
and their faces usually indicate how the
business world has treated them during the
day, or, perhaps, the kind of reception they
expect from the domestic world to which
they are returning. The clerks, In their
turn, leave all troubles at the office door
and do not contemplate finding any else
where. They always look relieved, and
seem to be planning as they walk how to
get the greatest fun out of the coming even
ing-even at the cos. of a week's salary.
The tramps we have with us always!
Many unencumbered with money or latch
keys spend both day and night at Battery
Park. It Is at all times a delightful place
for sleeping-everything Is propitious, ex
cept the policemen. They awaken slum
bering mortals without mercy and keep
them In a constant state of " moving on."
These Interruptions of dreams cause an
alarming amount of !II-will and words he
tween the park frequenter :r"n d his land
lord, the " cop." Not long ago one aged
tramp, on the approach of sleep, wrote
this and pinned it on his hat-" Not asleep,
but dead "-ancl the policeman read It and
passed him by.
The best-dressed people who pass through
Battery Park in a day are the excursion
ists on their way to the boats, for the clasR
of New Yorkers who love excursions will
put on . better clothes for. a day's outing
than any other people on earth. They also
carry with them on such occasions many
umbrellas, satchels, and cloaks.
They
r1r
.JUST LANDE-D .
AUGUST 20, 1 89'
SIGHTSEERS AT THE BATTERY.
spend the time before the boat's arrival
chiefly in guarding their things and ex
changing opinions as to the prospects of
the weather for the day. They go for a
good time, and .when they return their ap
pearance generally indicates that they
have had It.
The Summer months are the harvest sea
son of the Volunteer Life Saving Corps
stationed at the Battery. Although little
.Johnnie promises to be good when we take
him out, and although our hats have guards
to keep them on, ex_oerience has taught us -,...,...---.-..
that neither children nor hats are to be
relied upon when near the water. They
both seem to prefer ocean waves to ocean
breezes. Watery accidents are da'ly oc
currences at the Battery, and the life savers
have the gratitude of the public, even if
they do not always receive expressions of
it in substantial form.
If the old adage Is trµe, that cleanliness
is next to godliness, then Battery Park must
be very near to heaven; for, in addition to
the Battery itself being well kept, provision
is made for the cleanliness of all the people
who go there. The rich man's and the poor
man's baths stand side by side and are
both well patronized. Although the poor
man cannot touch elbows with his rich
brother here, he may at least console him
self with the thought that God has pro
vided the same kind of water for both and
that, after all. soap and towels are not ab
solutely essential to either cleanliness or
godliness.
The cosmopol'tan aspect of the Batter·y
'J
i
A ROW OF BENCHES IN THE BATTERY FACING THE SEA.
E�CURSIONISTS WAITING FOR THE STEAMBOAT.
�,r
7
THE NEW YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED MAGAZI NE.
AUGUST 20, 1899.
THE COMING GIDNEiRATION OF FRE'E,-BATHERS.
THE DREAMERS.
makes it a very fascinating place for char
acter study. Its frequenters seat them
selves without regard to color, clothes, or
nationality. Here the proud American tol
erates the "dago " and the negro is ac
corded his full Constitutional rights. This
is a particularly enjoyable state of affairs
to the latter. A recent dusky benchmate
of mine, a Jazy-'.ooking fellow, expressed
the contentment of his race when he re
marked : " B
· oss, I's so free In dis hyah
yard I can't do nothing but set and culti
vate my mind."
Glancing down a row of benches not 1ong
ago, the sitting public looked so gentle and
peaceably inclined that I started down the
line, bent on the closest Inspection. In a
short space I counted representatives of
most of the races mentioned in the geog
raphy, and I was wondering how many of
the costumes that I saw had been imported
on the backs of the wearers, when some one
(pro,ll-ably a little more alert than the oth
ers) raised the cry of " Rubber neck! "
which assumed such vehemence at each step
that I turned away completely baffled. The
next time, therefore, I took the first vacant
seat, and discreetly proceeded as vacancies
occurred. At the first seat I found myself
beside two clerk ; who were tanning and in-
cidently discussing mustaches and turned-up
trousers. Their conversation was interrupt
ed by the approach of a bevy of smiling
girls. Further on two motherly old ladies
from the country were resting, and the next
move placed me near an Irishwoman who
was feeling unmually independent and lady
like, having taken the day off to enjoy her
self.
At the last vacancy a Republican and a
Democrat were having a characteristic po
litical discussion. " They ain't no doubt in
my mind," said the Republican, " but things
is improved since McKinley's been In the
cher. Why, just look a here In New York
C'ty we don't see no more beggars nor ped
dlers nor singing preachers on the streets."
" Let me tell you what's become of 'em," in
terrupted the Democratic opponent ; " they
all belong to the army now. and we's paying
'em $12 a month." The listeners appeared
to relish this repartee greatly, and the
slightly deaf old man, six heads away from
the speakers, inquired the .cause of the com
motion.
Taken all in all, it may be said that on a.
Summer's day Battery Park Is a place
where the wicked cearn from troubling, and
the weary would be at rest-were it not for
the policemen!
BERNARD SAMUELS.
• l'HE NEW PLANET.
On a certain August night last year Herr
G. •Witt of the Observatory of Urania, In
Berlin, took a photograph of a particular
portion of the heavens, giving that picture
a very long exposure, so that the minutest
stars might find a record there. A writer
in Ohambers's Journal, commenting on the
eYent, says that when the plate was de
veloped it was found that' In one part of
It, amid the hundreds of dots which were
star Images, was traced a little streak, that
streak indicating a body which was in
movement. This body turned out to be an
asteroid, one of those little planets which
during the present century have been dis
covered to the number of 432, not counting
this new one, which uas been named Eros.
The new asteroid turns out to be by far
the most Important of all its kindred, not
because of its size, for it Is on!y a very
small ·body, but because at one part of its
journey round the sun it will approach this
earth nearer than wi11 any other of the
heavenly bodies-our moon alone excepted.
The Importance of such a near neighbor In
space means that by Its aid the -actual dis
tance of the sun and other bodies can be far
more accurately measured than was possi-
ble before Its discovery. It will also ma
terially help In the more accurate deter
mination of the movements of comets. In
deed, the discovery of our little nelg.",.bor
Eros was an important astronomical event.
Collapse of lU'amma ..
From Pearson's Weekly.
" Frances," said the little girl's mamma,
who was entertaining callers in the parlor,
" you came down stairs so noisily that you
could be heard all over the house. You
know how to do it better than that. Now
go back and come down the stairs like a
lady."
Frances retired, and after the lapse of a
few minutes, re-entered the parlor.
" Did you ·hear me come downstairs this
time, mamma? "
" No, dear. I am g1'ad you came down so
quietly. Now don't let me ever have to tell
you again not to come down noisily, for I
see that you can come down quietly if you
will. Now tell these ladies how you man
aged to come down like a lady the seconu
time, while the first time you made so much
noise."
" The last time I slid down the banisters,"
explained Frances.
WJ
\
TWELVE O'CLOCK IS TRYSTIING HOUR ON BATTERY PARK.
ONE OF BATTERY PARK'S STREET
VENDORS.
�8
THE NEW YORK TIMES-
/
VISITING AMONG THE YACHTS AT ANCHOR.
THE OLD AMERICA-THE WINNE!.
WILLIAM
AMORY
GARDNER' S
MAYFLO
R. PHELPS CARROLL'S NAVAHOE APPRO ACHING WATCH HILL LIGHT,
LONG ISLAND.
W. GOULD BROKA W'S AMORITA, THE WINNER OF THE ASTOR
CUP AT NE'\\'PORT ON AUG. 14.
COMMODORE CLARENCE A. P.()STLEY OPENING HIS MAIL ON THE COLONIA'S TENDER.
CLARENCE A. POSTLIDY ' S COLONIA CR
THE
CRUISE OF THE
�/
AUGUST
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COMMODORE J. PIERPONT MORGAN ON THE BRIQGE 'oF, THEJ
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JA,'MES C. BERGEN'S HILDEGARD • AND
FRANCIS S. BROWN'S HELENE ROUNDING PLUM ISLAND L IGHT.
�■
10
THE NEW YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED MAGAZI NE.
.EARLY CATHEDRAL BUILDERS.
ROF. CHARLES ELIOT NOR
TON writes in his " ChurPh
Building !n the Middle Ages " :
" The completeness of the
wreck of ancient civilization in
Western Europe, during the
centuries that follow the fall of
the Roman Empire, is indicated by the deg
raJat!on of all the arts of expression."
This was perfectly true, but, as Mr. Nor
ton elsewhere remarks : " This period in
disintegration and dissolution was one of
pr0paration for the reorganization of �o
ctety upon new foundations." Most stu
ilents of Italian art have noticed a vast
hiatus of apparently permanent obscurity
in the period above noted. It has been the
general opinion that it was the time when
art was utterly dead and buried. Yet, there
was life and development then, as Is well
�hown by Prof. Giuseppe Merzarlo in his
t wo ponderous volumes entitled " I Maestri
Co!nacini."
Signor Merzario has given an
exhaustive history of this age of transition
in art, and of the definite developments that
succeeded It; his work is made up of a
huge amount of material from old writer3,
old deeds, and old stones. But it has been
left for Mr. Leander Scott, to present the
subject in a readable and extremely en
tertaining story.
His work, " .Tile Cathedral Builders: The
Story of a Great Masonic Guild," was re
cently presented through Charles Scrib
ner's Sons. At the threshold of his story
the author asks these two questions : " How
dicl all these great and noble buildings ( l he
great churches of the early Middle Ages)
spring up simultaneously in all countri�s
an.a all climates ? How comes it that in all
cases they were similar to each other a t
similar times ? I n the twelfth century, whel}
the Italian buildings, such as the churciles
in · verona, Bergamo, Como, &c .. were bullt
with round arches, the German Domkirchen
at Bonn, Mayence, Tr�ves, Lu�:�ck, Frei
burg, &c., the French churches at Aix,
Tournes, Caen, Dijon, &c., and the English
cathedrals at Canterbury, Bristol, Chiches
ter, St. Bartholomew's in London-in fact,
all those built at the same time-were not
only round-arched. but had an almost iden
tical style, and that style was Lombard."
In the same way the author shows that the
period of the pointed arch, and other de
velopments in church architecture, w(lre
simultaneously produced wherever a ca
thedral was set up. There was no doubt
that there existed an institution with defi
nite plans of construction, of artistic !!On
ceptions, which were expressed in the build
ings that were. apparently set up at the
demands of the Church or of local commu
nities.
This institution was the guild of the
Comacine Masters. The origin of the name,
a� Mr. Scott explains, " has caused a great
deal of argument among Italian writers,
new and old. Some think it merely a place
name referring to the Island Comacina, in
Lake Lario, or Como; others take a widn
significance, and say it means not only the
City of Como, but all the province, which
was once a Roman colony of great exten
sion. Others again, among whom is Gro
tius, suggest that it was not a place-name
at all, but ·comes from the T·eutonic word
Gemachin, or housebuilders. As the Longo
bards afterward called them in Italian.
' Maestri Casarii,' which means the same
thing, there is perhaps something to he
said for this hypothesis." But one thing is
sure, this guild existed and produced
Frum ·· The Cathedral Builders."
From " 'l''he Cathedral Builders."
Published by Charles Scribner· s Sons, N. Y.
CAPITAL IN MILAN CATHEDRAL.
Sculptured by Magister Bartolommeo da Campione.
tnroughout the then civilized world certain
permanent results which could not have been
achieved except through unity of thought
an,l action. To quote from Prof. Nort">n
again: " Never did the varied thoughts, the
complex sentiments, the multiplied fancies
and emotions of a- sensitive, active and
passionate age find such complete, such
superb expression, as within the hundred
and fifty years from 1150 to 1300 ; for the
building of church or cathedral had now
become not only the work of religious zeal,
of patriotic enthusiasm, but also of poetic
Inspiration. The sense of beauty which had
been weak through want of nurture during
the dark ages before the eleventh century,
Publjshed by Charles Scribner's Sons, N. Y.
MARBLE WORK ON THE ROOF OF MILAN CATHEDRAL.
had gradually grown stronger and stronger,
till at length the love of beauty had be
come a controlling motive of expression,
and gave direction to the moral and intel
lectual energies called into play by relig
ious patr10tic sentiment." It was these in
fluences that inspired the guild in ti1eir
work, and it was in the church building� of
this period that these sentiments found per
manent expression.
Mr. Scott's book is divided chronologically
into four parts. The first deals with the
Romano-Lombard architects, the second
with the first foreign migrations of the
From . . The Cathedral Builders."
AUGUST 20, 1899.
guild, and the third with the Romanesque
architects, and the fourth with the Italian,
Gothic, and Renaissance architects. In the
first book we have placed the Comaclne
gu!ld, who worked for the Lombard Kings
from a Roman collegium driven out of
Rome in times of persecution and flying to
the Republic of Como. We are shown how
the work of the guild developed under the
Lombard Kings, the Carloving!an dynasty,
and through the patronage of the early
Popes. Here also we learn that, owing to
the privileges granted by Charlemagne and
Otho, the members of the guild first be
came known as I L!ber! Murator! or Free
masons. It is at this time that the e:uild
enlarged upon the symbolic nature of its
church architecture, which also marked to
a certain degree the style of the civil build
ings erected; then the quality of aestheti
cism to their efforts in the suggestive
sculpture of the fac;;ades and columns.
Among the earliest records to give !llus
tration to the work of the gu!ld ls an an
cient fresco of the eighth century under the
Church of St. Clemente, in Rome. " Here
we see a veritable Roman Mag!ster direct
ing his men. He stands In magisterial toga
(and surely one may discern a Masonic
apron beneath it) directing his men in the
moving of a marble column; and, with naive
simplicity of the primitive artist, each man's
name is written ·beside him. Albertel and
Cosmaris are dragging up the column with
a rope; the sons of Pute, who are possibly
novices, are helping them, while Carvon
celle is lifting it from behind with a lever.
These men arP. in short jerkins, but the
master, Sisinius, is standing in his toga
directing them with outstretched hand.
Here is the Magister of a Roman Collegium
embalmed and preserved for us that we may
see him and his men at his work as they
were in the early centuries after Christ.
We know that Masonic Collegie were still
existing · in Rome in the time of Constantine
and Theodosius. We know that Constantine built the Basilica of St. Agens, afterward restored by Pop.e Symmachus; those
of San Lorenzo-at least the round-arched
part of it-enlarged by Galla Placidia in the
fifth century; San Paolo, Fuor! le Mura, and
other ancient churches."
In the earliest of church frescoes it has
been noticed that many Bible stories are
symbo'.ized in a curious way. Thus the hunts
man and bis dogs are generally used as
emblems of the faithful Christian driving
out heresies ; the fishermen symbolize the
priests fishing out souls from the ocean -B!�· / sin. " There ls," says the author, " a beautiful example of this myth in the fresco of
the ship (the Ark of the Church) on the roof
of the Spanish Chapel of San Maria Novella
in Florence. where the fisherman · is castin�,
his line from the bank."
The second part of Mr. Scott's work sug
gests . the ties that bound the guild to
France were other than those established
by Charlemagne. He shows how the seeds
of Norman style were first sown, how Ger
many obtained her earlier buildings of Lom
bard expression. There Is also explanation
offered of the pre-Norman architecture in
l!}ngland, and the undoubted effects of the
work of the guild even in Ireland in the
crosses of Comacine ornamentation. Says
the author, " As an illustration and convinc
ing proof of this pedigree of Norman style
from the Lombard, we may give one of our
oldest so-cal'.ed Norman churches, that of
St. Bartholomew the Great, at Smithfield,
London. The original nave has vanished,
Published by Charles Scribner's Sons, N. Y.
CHURCH OF S. ANTONIO, PADUA, T HIRTEENTH CENTURY.
�)
AUGUST 20, 1899.
From " The Cathedral Builde:'S. "
THE NEVl YORK TIMES-I LLUSTRATED MAGAZINE.
Pu6iished Uy Charles Scribner's Sons, N. Y .
COURT 01'' T H E DUCAL PALAC;E A'l' VENICE.
Designed by Magister Antonie, Rizo or Ric cio.
I
i
but the tribune remains, divested, it is true,
of the two great tiers in front of the apse,
The semi
which were removed in 1410.
circl.e of the apse has, however, been -re
placed i n the old style, and, with its pillared
arches and ambulatory, harmonizes well
with the ancient part, now the nave, which
is perfectly Lombard."
Unfortunately space will not permit me
. to give further extracts from this part of
the book, which, to many, will certainly
be a revelation in early Christian architec
ture in England. Part Three o·f the
" Cathedral Builders " concerns itself with
the rise of the Romanesque style under the
Magistrl o f the great Masonic Guild i n the
lodges o f Modena, Ferrari, and Parma,
whence branches spread to Pisa, Lucca,
and Pistoja. Here, for the first time, mem
bership i n the Guild seems to assume all
the importance of a hereditary right, fami
lies from generation to generation follow
up church architecture, sons succeeding
fathers, first as novices then as masters.
At length all their efforts-the results of
training, o f restricted yet expressive emo
tion-find monuments in the ornamenta
tion of the early Gothic.
In his fourth part, the author gives a
history of the work o f the Guild when it
had reached it highest state o f expression
and development. This part particularly
concerns itself with Italian-Gothic archi
tects of the lodges in Siena, Orvieto, Flor
ence, Milan, Venice, and Rome. Then comes
the disintegration of the Masonic Brother
hood, the stories of dissensions within the
Guild and without, the attempts of out
siders at imitations, and, finally, the defi
ance of Brunellesco to the tenMs of the
Guild, which was a severe blow to the
organization.
Schisms in the Guild arose toward the
end o f the fourteenth century during the
construction of the Duomo o f Milan. At
this period the Germans were attempting to
exert their influence on Italian architect
ure, and Italian architects were divided
After the death of
among themselves.
Jacopo da Campione in 1398 there was
no capable master to succeed him in
" The deputies
his work in Milan.
sent to Giovanni Alcherio, a Milanese
living in Paris, to see if some architect
could not be spared from the works at
Notre Dame. He proposed Jean Gampanias
from Normandy, and Jean Mignot of Paris,
who were accepted and came to Milan in
1300 with a painter named Jacope Cova.
Mignot was i:nade architect of the two
sacristies. He coveted the supreme post of
chief architect of the whole building, but
he met with serious rivals in Marco da
Carona and Antonio da Paderno, two young
magistri, who were fast rising in the Guild
to fill the place of Jacopo and Marco da
Campione, and Simone da Arsenigo. There
was schism in the Guild. Mignot found fault
with everything in the Duomo, the size, the
proportions, the pil:-ri, the cap'tals, the win-
From " The Cathedral Builders. "
11
dows, the tracery,
tion. Marco • and
Mignot's sacristy
measurement and
and all . the ornamenta
Antonio declared that
was false in rule o f
the arch o f his window
From " The Cathedral Builders."
From " T'he Cathedral Builders."
Campione school of masters still held its
own. We now find that Matteo da Cam
pione was sent forth from Monza. Zeno
da Campione, brother of the late Jacopo,
Published by Char!es Scribner' s Sons, N. Y.
APSE 0-1< THE CHURCH OF SS. GI OVANNI E PAOLO, ON THE COE
LIAN HILL, ROME.
wrong in lts lines. There were meetings
in the lodge and endless disputes till Mig
not also disappeared from the scene. The
Pu1?lished by Ch::..l'les Scrilrner's Sons, N. Y .
SMALL CLOISTER OF T H E CERTOSA 0 � :P.A.VlA.
Published by Charles Scribner's Sons, N. Y.
CJ:..OISTER OF S. JOHN LA'l'ERAN, TW ELFTH CENTURY.
also came with 250 stonecutters under him
to carve the capitals, pinnacles , &c. There
was Lorenzo degli Spazi, di Laino in Val
Fl'om " The Cathedral Builders. ' '
d'Intelvi, also of the same school, which
brought 188 stone carvers to the Iab:)re
rium, and who won fame for the fine sculp
ture they produced. Can one wonder at the
wealth of sculpture in and on the Cathed
ral, when only two magistri can furnish
more than four hundred workmen between
them? When one looks a t the lavish marble
work on the roof, the plurality of artists
is well accounted for. • • •
The sculpture work of the beautiful bal
ustrade of the Ducal Palace in Venice was
the work of two C'omo masters, working in
connection with Antonio Riccio, o r Rizo·.
" · Riccio has the characteristic Comacine ·
mixture of round arches in the foundation
and pointed ones above. He added a third
colonnade, in which the round arc-hes again
appear. It is all enriched by exquisite
sculptural decoration. The frieze of nereids
and sea horses on the third order is very
fine. - Selvatico attributes also to Riccio
much · of the side of the palace toward the
prison.
In referring to the Roman lodge, after
discussing the various Christian basilicas
erected under Constantine, Mr. Scott says :
" The great Lombard Masonic Guild, being
under the especial protection of the Popes,
we should expect to see its members em
ployed in the mediaeval buildings of Rome.
And trt.ly, after Adrian's time, ·-here they
are. Hope, Schmarzow, Ricci, and Boito,
besides other writers, have all decided that
the ancient cloisters of San Lorenzo-built
under Honorius III_ in the beginning of the
thirteenth century-as well as the primitive
churches of St. Peter. St. John Lateran,
and San Lorenzo were all early Comacine
work, and that the exquisite cloister of St.
John Lateran and the churches of San Pao
lo fuori le Mura, Ara Coeli, San Giovanni e
Paolo, S. Maria sonra Minerva, &c., are all
equally Lombard churches of the eleventh
and thirteenth centuries. Several friezes
and inscriptions go to ,prove the truth of
this, besides those eloquent lions that
cror.ch beneath the columns in the cloister
of St. John Lateran and ot-l)er places."
And thus it has ·been seen that no ele
ment of chance entered into the construc
tion o f the churches o f the Middle Ages.
All were the result of the work of an or
ganized body of artificers, all were deter
mined by foresight and wise counsel-even
as if destiny desired to leave her Imprint In
her most beautiful way on the ages through
which she almost silently passed. And in
the recognition of this complex brotherhood
some evidences of whose life and aspira
tions have been given in the lines above,
the history of the Middle Ages is rendered
all the more compact and concentrated, re
ceiving more richness and unity and show
ing a gradual and consistent development
until perfection is reached-" like some per
fect flower which grows leaf by leaf, bud
by bud, until the petals fall from its own
overblossoming. Bt.t its seeds are left lo
W. L.
·
future ages."
Published b y Charles Scribner' s Sons. N. Y.
FRESCO IN THE SPANISH CHAPEL, S. MARIA NOVELLA, FLORENCE.
�\
THE N EW YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED MAGAZI NE.
12
THE KALTENBORN CONCERTS.
HE success of the series of Sum
mer night's concerts given under
the conductorshlp of Mr. Franz
• Kaltenborn at the St. Nicholas
Garden, at Columbus Avenue
and Sixty-sixth Street, Is grati
fying to all lovers of good music,
as well as to those who have wished for the
establishment of some place of resort In the
warm weather at which something more
artistic than mere vaudeville could be found.
That the concerts have pleased a large part
of the public is beyond dispute. The hall
seats 1,800 persons, and on several occa
sions of late there have not -b een enoui:-h
chairs to accommodate those who sought
admission to the entertainments.
The orchestra numbers forty men. It Is
somewhat too small to give the exact ef
fect necessary In some of the heavier works
which are put on the programmes, but It Is
admirably adapted to the performance of
the lighter music, which Is one of the
charming features of the concerts. Mr. Kal
tenborn has made a specialty of the Strauss
waltzes, and these have pleased the au
diences Immensely. His programmes have
embraced a wide variety of music. He has
played the marches of Sousa, the " Turkish
Patrol " of Michaelis. ballet music from
some of the more popular operas, selections
from the works of Offenbach, and novel
ties by American composers.
But the
most popular programmes have been those
which have embraced the most serious
music.
The Wagner nights have filled the house,
and lately the conductor has tried with suc
cess the experiment of playing an entire
symphony. He began with the " Symphony
Pathetlque " of T-schalkowsky, and this
serious piece of music was heard with at
tention b y one of the largest audiences of
the season. Most of the men In the orches
tra are young, and they play with en
thusiasm. The conductor is a young man,
but he gives promise of becoming an Im
portant factor in the Summer musical life
of the metropolis.
-- -♦--
MUNDJI BEY, THE TURKISH CON
SUL GENERAL.
The Turkish Consul General at New York
accomplishes his work In about a.s plain an
office as any one could find in the metropo
lis. One who entered the rooms of the
Consulate General on State Street. expect
Ing to see many little Oriental frills and
touches, would be greatly disappointed. A
plain railing of boards, a partition of cedar.
and behind that a 10 by 12 room, with a desk
and table in It. fairly complete the furnish
ings of the rooms. And the Consul General
himself has little about him to Indicate
that he Is not a born and bred American.
But a moment's talk with him wm at
once convince one that no more Joyal sub
ject of ·his Majesty, the Sultan, could be
MU:NDJI BEY FIKRI, TURKISH CONSU L GElNEiRAL A T N E W YORK .
0
THE KALTENBORN ORCHESTRA AT THE ST. NICHOLAS GARDEN. .
AUGUST 20, 1899.
found than Mundjl Bey Flkrl, who for the
past eighteen months has represented the
Ottoman Empire at New York. The mere
mention of the Sultan's name sets his eyes
sparkling, and his voice Is always lowered
a trifle when he pronounces the powerful
word. as the natives pronounce lt-Sooltan.
Mundjl Bey Is the son of H. Flkrl Pasha,
who was a Governor General of a number
of " Wellayets," or States, of the Turkish
Empire.
He Is thirty yea.rs old, rather
short of stature, and has the national char
acteristic of dark eyes and hair.
Before entering Into his Government's
service, he studied for five years In the
Turkish Government's High School of Di
plomacy · at Constantinople, and there hangs
on the wall of his office the diploma he re
ceived on graduating from that Institution.
With this diploma in his possession, he 19
entitled to hold the office o f Secretary of an
embassy, Consul General, or chief of some
Interior department.
Mundjl Bey has been In the Sultan's serv
ice for twelve years, and has been a Consul
six years. He was Consul In Greece for
three years, and returned to Constantinople
but a few days before hostilities broke out
between the two countries.
He came to New York wiU\out the slight
est knowledge of English, and has managed
to master the language sufficiently to read
and write with considerable ease, while any
foreign accent Is scarcely noticeable In his
speech. He also speaks four other lan
guages.
One of the most interesting documents h e
has Is h i s commission from t h e Sultan, with
the Sultan's autograph In large characters
at the top. This autograph Is a wonderful
thing. To the uninitiated It appears to be
nothing more than a series of the most In
tricate flourishes, but on comparison with
other autographs of the Sultan he has,
there Is the most wonderful similarity.
Fancy two or three American monograms
blended in one, with three tails or flourishes
protruding at the top, and you have a fair
Idea of the Sultan's autograph.
Mundji Bey's reputation does not rest en
tirely on his diplomatic ability, however.
He boasts of no mean pretensions as an
author. Besides writing for the Turkish
papers, when at home, he is the author of
a number of novels In the Turkish language.
Some of his best-known works are .. . The
B;tterness of Life " and " The Run to
Death." In one ·of his novels, " The P1nk
Handkerchief." -he has embodied a romance
in his own life.
The Consul General talks freely of life
and people In Turkey, but the traditional
diplomacy of the Turks comes to the front
at once when a question Is asked concern
Ing any political question his country may
be Interested In. Politics ls a forbidden
subject, and the Consul General never al
lows himself to express an opinion on his
country' s actions.
I
�THE
YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE.
I
LOCAL SNAKES, AND THEIR HABITS.
DRIVEl along the country roads
of this State results in the dis
covery of an occasional snake,
generally crushed to death 'by
carriage wheels or unmercifully
battered out of shape by the en
thusiastic country boy. Speci
mens are few and far · between, and those
not initiated into the ways o.f reptile life
arrive at the conclusion that snakes are a
rarity except in a few localities. -Many, per
haps, would experience surprise to be in
formed that as darkness settles over the
woodland roads strange creatures of many
kinds issue from their hiding places to sport
and seek their prey. Then it is that the
rattlesnake and the copperhead, the only
venomou" reptiles of this locality, crawl
from their retreats in search of small noc
turnal rodents, the woodmouse and shrew,
which constitute the major portion of their
fc-0d.
It must not be supposed, however, that
snakes are strictly nocturnal and that their
seeming rarity in many localities is due to
the fact that they in most cases make their
appearance by night. Although many of our
local snakes become active as darkness ap
proaches, others exist in great numbers,
and yet are seldom seen for the reason
that the majo-r ity of persons are not famil-
l
\
l
)
I
A RATTLESNAKE TIEN IN SULLIVAN COUNTY, N. Y.
tun, Lo the same quarry to pass the next.
phasis in describing the situation I con
colct season ·t
cluded that he thought the existence of cop
With a view to settling this point, an
perheads would be bad for his business.
other trip was made to the place late in
" I tramped those hills for two days before
October. It was a day when the atmos
I found the place I wanted. This was about
phere was filled with the haze of the In
a mile from the hotel, and was a rocky
dian · Summer. The air was warm and - cafio.n in the hills, through which had form
balmy, permeated ·with the odor of fallen
erly run a stream. The bed was dry and
leaves. The temperature had as yet re
rocky. Among the stones in the place l
mained at a point when reptile and insect
found the shed skins of several copperheads.
I went back to tne hotel and made arrange
life flourishes in the open air, yet the
snakes had all come back, and with them
ments to further investigate.
their progeny of the i:rummer, numbers o,f
" During these three Clays the hotel pro
youngste1 s, which were found basKing m
prietor was jubilant. ' I told you so,' said
ne again and again. • We have only garter
the sun or coiled beneath the stones. 'J.'wo
sn�kes in this part of the State.' I kept
weeks later a heavy Fall storm gave way
quiet about my discovery, and started out
to a chilly wind from the north west, and
tnat evening, armed with a bull's-eye lan
,the snal<e ramily disappeared for the W mter.
tern, my snake stick, and a canvas bag. lt
After that numerous trips were made to
was an exceeu.1.ngly warm night, witn a
the reptilian ret, eat, until three years ago
storm
threatening ; the air was filled with
the place was found to be invaded by an
humidity, and, unaer these conditions I felt
army of quarrymen. A huge stone crusher
had been erected near the spot. Dy namite . sure of victory.
·· Arrived at the place, after stumbling
hact done its work, and the rock was oeing
a:ong the road for nearly an hour, for my
carted off for rail1 oad bal!ast.
,anu,rn tailed to reveal mud no1es and ruts,
Investigation elsewhere tends to show that
1 s Larted slowly up the dry bed of tne
snakes have their places of hibe,nation to
,;tream, turning the · · bull's-eye ' on all
which they regularly repair as the co,ct sea
s1aes. I haa been 10oking around fo,r per
son approacheti. ln tnese p.aces they con
navs ha!! an hour, and was oeginn111g to
_
gregate in great numbers and f10m, i t is
wurry aoout the glee of that hotel pro;,ne
oe11eved, a wide territory. By persons not
wr 1r another aay passea without s uccesti,
understanding the situation, a discovery of
w..en 1 saw scmethmg moving aneaa or we.
" Fishing " Grounds for Watersnakes.
this kind indicated a " good snake season."
AS J. arew nearer it reso1ved itself into
'l'o the ophiologist, Spring is the proper
wnat resembled a neap or oruuant Autumn
iar with their retreats. Of the thousands
season for collecting. Not long ago uh,
,�aves. lt was a coppernead-a big- fe,1ow,
of visitors to Gentral Park few ever see a.
writer made a trip to Sullivan County for
wo, and he was coi1mg himself for a ngnt.
snake in that bit of nature, situated, as it
the purpose of collecting rattlesnakes.
·· ,J.t ctiCln· t take me Jong to pin his nead
is in the heart of a great city. Yet only
Arriving near White Lal<e, the physical
down
with my ,maKe sucK, get nim oy che
r�cently the writer discovered a veritable
cnaracterisucs of the country pointed to a
nee!<
anct precipitate him into the bag. I
" snake den " in the Park, and captured
certam range or rocky hil1s where matter s '. was �o O:eugnteu that 1 actually did . a 1ran
seventeen specimens, of two varieties, some
seemed favo1able for finding a few ·''. rat
t,<l aance aoout the spot, anct, co,nsi� ering
nearly a yard in length. The " den " was
tlers' dens." In an illustration accompany
tne tact tnat .ugntiung was already lllCKcr
situated in a rocJ<y portion of the Park, un
ing tne present article is shown one of these
u1g 111 tne west, ana my rtght a minute oe
disturbed bv the landscape gardener.
places, whence seventeen large timber rat- . ru,·e to get a aeaa1y snaJ<e tied up, tne pict
tlesna1rns were found sunning after their • ure ln,ust nave been weird m the extreme.
Narrations are frequent nowadays of the
\,\linter's sleep. It may be mentioned in ' · · ·'when l started tor cne hotel it began to
sudden appearance o f large numbers · or
cidentally that the pho tograph showing a
snakes in places where they were previous
rain. 1 stood unaer a tree, which on,y
member o,f the collecung part.y nonchalant
ly supposed to be of rare occurrence. These
served co convert tne big drops. into litt,e
ly restmg at the very mouth of this cave
stories usually emap.ate In ·Spring. This
streams that soalrnCI me to the skin. See
was taK,m in the Summer, when the snaKes
is easily explained by an experience of the
mg that the e1eccncal Clisplay was becoming
had all departed down the. mountain s1ue
rather energetic, 1 cteciae.ct to take to the
a nd were not due for some time.
road which had become an ocean of mud.
During the Summer months there is no
ln ;pite of the weather and •the incon
more interesting diversion for the ardent
venience resulting therefrom, I was happy.
herpetolc.gist than snake huntmg. The dif
Every time I p!Unged into mud of more than
ferent species are always found under dif
ordinary depth the snake squirmed, and re
ferent conditions. Some are so agile that
lieve.d my feelings.
capture without trickery !s a physical im
" My condition when I reached the hote:
possi•bility. Others frequent almost inac
may be imagined. My appearance, to say
cessibl e places, and are collected with the
the least, was most disreputable. 'l'he
utn,ost difficulty.
as-toundea proprietor met me on the steps
A scientist residing in this city who is
as I was scraping the mud from my clothes
especially enthu.siastic in maintaining a
with a knife which I had borrowed. ' What's
la'rge collection of living serpents · had an
this? ' h e gasped. ' I've got him,' was my
interesting experience loa st season while
reply, while my friend retreated to the oar
hunting for copperhead snakes at a certain
to regain his senses. He came back before
Summer resort in Pennsylvania.
I had finished with the scraping operation.
" I pa:.,sed through the district by train,"
• I'll ,bet it's only a garter snake,' he said
said he in speaking of the matter recently.
faintly,
" It was then early in -the season, and when
" We went into th� office together with
I saw those rocky hills I felt sure that
some o f the guests. Without a word I
be
found
in
the
vicin
copperheads were to •
tumbled my prize upon a table, and in a
ity. I wanted a number of these snakes
moment found myself and the snake the
badly, as I was much interested in their
only occupants of the room. The proprietor
feeding habits. A month later I arrived at
looked over the transom and declared that
- the place with my luggage and put up at
I must take •the reptile away immediately.
on€ o f the large hotels. When I told the
He Informed me in most gentle tones that
A " Oollec.ttng " Craft on Black • Lake.
proprietor what I was after he was dum
unless I boxe.d up the animal and took it
founded. After recovering from his aston
somewhere in the woods I must cease to
ishment he informed m e that a copperhead
remain under his roof as a guest. We pro
writer some. years ago which led up to
snake
had
not
been
found
in
the
vicinity
for
cured
a box, placed the snake inside, and I
some Interesting conclusions. While on a
forty years. • We have only garter snakes
started off, needless to say, alone.
ramble along the Palisades of the Hudson
out here,' he said. This information didn't
" Well, I must confess, I played a mean
River In search of reptilian - specimens a
worry me much, however, for from his emtrick on that hotel man, but I couldn't help
large, ,flat rock near a quarry was over
turned. Underneath were a dozen garter
snakes snugly coiled together.
Further
l·
search revealed other specimens, and the
place · was discovered to be fairly alive with
snakes. Heads protruded from the rocks in
the quarry, while agile ophidians wriggled
in and out of fissures in the ground. A
month later a second visit was paid to
- th e snake den. The ground in the imme
diate vicinity of the quarry was then
parched and dry. Not a .reptile was to be
seen. A search through the surrounding
woods resulted in the discovery of a few
snakes along the border of a stream.
This experience demonstrates, In the first
place, that the snakes, when seen In such
numbers at the quarry, had just issued from
their hibernation and were enjoying the
first warm rays ,o·f the Spring sun. Second,
as the woods becam6 green and offered
opportunities· for procuring their prey, they
scattered fo:- the Summer and took up
their abode along the banks of the stream,
where frogs were numerous and, most Im
portant of all, they could obtain one of the
absolute necessities of reptile life-water.
,HEADQUARTERS OF THE OPHIOLOGISTS AT BETHEL, SULLIVAN COUN
The occurren,,e, however, suggested an in
TY, N. Y.
teresting question: Would the snakes re-
13
It. I would have no m.:>.re let that snake go
out of my reach than hlive �ommitted sul
clde. When I got out behind the barn I
took the snake out of the box, threw the
box Into some bushes, and started back for
the hotel, going in by a rear entrance. Dur
ing the rest of wy stay the snake remained
in the tray of my trunk, the top, of course,
being locked. On the day of departure I ex
plained matters and there was a veritable
panic, but it was like the fright occasioned
by a heavy peal of thunder. The snake was
in my valise. and the danger past."
Other scientists have enjoyed equally in
teresting experiences in catching snakes.
Mr. Morris Pearsall of this city, who spends
a large part of his vacation every year in
hunting ophidians in Sullivan County, has a
most novel method of collecting water
snakes In the lake regions of that county,
and he tells many entertaining stories of his
endeavors to capture the wily reptiles. The
vicinity o f Black Lake in that county offers
peculiar characteristics in the shape of
countless numbe1·s of dead trees standing in
the lake, the country having been over
flowed. Most of these are broken off a few
feet 11.bove the aurface of the water, and
upon the stumps the watersnake, among
scientists knowr, as Tropidonotus fasciatus
sipedon, suns Itself and watches for its prey.
Mr. Pearsall made several attempts to catch
these agile creatures, but was at first un-
A Favorite Basking Place for Snakes.
successful, the spakes always sliding off the
stumps into the water as he advanced In his
stanch craft. figured In the article.
" One warm day," explained 'Mr. Pearsall,
" after making a number of ineffectual ef
forts to catch some large watersnakes, I
gave up the attempt and turned to fishing.
Before long I had a noble string of pickerel
dragging in the wake of the boat as I
rowed for the shore, where I made fast, and
walked off some little distance to talk to
a countryman who took a warm interest in
my snake-catching abilities. On returning
to the boat I found something wrong with
the flsh, for ·the string had been seized with
a series of remarkable gyrations. Investi-
On tile Lookout Armed witlt Snake
Staff,
gation showed that two large watersnakes
had each swallowe.d a pickerel and were
hanging on tenaciously."
Mr. Pearsall says this gave lhlm an Idea
whi·ch he immediately put into operation.
Rowing out to some of the dead trees, he
tied a few pickerel to the limbs and awaited
results. These were more pronounced than
expected. In a short time most of the flsh
had been seized by the voracious reptiles,
which when approached evinced no ten
dency to disgorge their prey. The snakes
were hung over a bag, the strings cut, and
they found themselves prisoners, having
swallowed· both fish and string.
Accompanying the text is an illustration
of this snake-infested lake, with Its sur
roundings, as well as of the quiet little
farmnouse serving as headquarters for the
collecting party.
" Y ou science fellers are almighty queer,"
remarked the head of the house one day.
" You ketch things to study 'em, when
there's only unpleasant habits in their
natur!'
" But,'' said a member of the party,
" haven't we shown you thait snakes feed
on creatures that damage your crops, and
thus do you a great amount of good? Yet
you kill them whenever the opportunity is
offered."
" Yes, but they're snakes,'' persisted the
farmer. " A snake Is a cussld critter, and
the Scripters say so. That's w h y I kill
em."
R. L. DITMARS.
��
14
!
THE NEW YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE.
-
:
������+
i
!
EL INOC EN T E
A Story of the Trist� Days of \ \
Carlota and Maximilian. l \
Written for THE NEW YORK T1�1 E s
���
r=::===i KNOW all that you would say,
Anselma; for have we not talked
of this over and over again?
Still, I say we should take Ino
cente to the city and Jet the for
eign doctor see whether God and
the saints have given him power
to cure the boy."
The expression of gentle sadness so com
mon with the women of Mexico settled
more firmly over Anselma's face a s her
husband spoke. and she drew her hook me
chanically through the pretty mat of cro
chet work with which she expected to cover
her little stand for selling hot bollitos at
the next fiesta.
Poor Estevan and poor Anselma !
Hearts are much the same the world over,
let their owners look through gray eyes or
brown, blue eyes or black. There are good
hearts and bad everywher e ; all can ache,
and the pain Is as hard to bear in one part
of the world as another.
Neither of these two Mexican hearts had ·
felt any love for the fair of face, golden
haired Austrian soldiers of Maximilian's
army, though they admired their large fig
ures, well set off by close-fitting uniforms,
and the fine horses they rode.
Estevan said, a t the time, that the great
handsome fellows were not so hard to fight
as the smaller Frenchmen, who were quicker
to see and to move.
Above all, he prayed to be delivered from
Col. Dupin and his fierce men from the
North of Africa-mere butchers they-for
did they not consider a poor Indian planting
his little field in corn with a sharp wooden
stick as an armed man and shoot him where
h e stood, with his wife and babies standing
by?
Estevan had often told Anselma he wished
all those foreign soldiers would go back · to
their homes across the sea, for he was
weary of creeping down the mountains to
fight and of dodging back again. He had no
idea or hope of rest until they were all gone
-how could he and be a true son of Mex
ico ?
One beautiful d'ly, when there was ice and
snow in many lands, but glorious sunshine
there, a skirmish took place near their little
jacal in the hot country.
The Austrian soldiers rode away and the
brown-skinned fellows, who were fighting
for the freedom of old Mixtli, slipped back
toward the mountains , where wild fruits
furnished their commissary stores and their
sturdy ponies found provender at the end of
a lariat. At dusk of the same day Estevan,
coming down from the hidden camp to see
his wife and Luis, their little boy , heard a
moan and found one of the soldiers he had
been fighting a few hours before lying with
a cruel wound in his head.
The young man was not a light weight for
one to carry, but the heavy loads Estevan
had so otten borne on his back from boy
hood had given him strong muscles.
Anselma said not a word as she helped her
husband ease his burden from his shoul
ders to the petates which served as their
bed. She bathed the poor face, covered with
blood and dust, and softly cleaned the
wound while · E.stevan told how h e found
him.
There was no doctor near, but Padre
Palacios had been a physician with fine
practice, a happy husband and fath0r, in
stead of a sad-eyed priest, • before the tifo
carried o ff his wife and three babies in one
week. The good man lived miles away, and
valuable time passed ere Anselma sent lit
tle Luis to call him, as he was riding b y
o n h i s way t o hold service on the mountain
side in a chapel whose silvery bells, from old
Spain, called softly to the Mexican soldiers
there was still something besides war for
them to think about. Anselma watched as
the fever fought for the soldier·,; life
watche<l anu prayed-and fed him atole
made of masa, tiniest portions at a time.
Es tevan came when h"l could and grieved
to see his gentle wife so worn with care.
At last the sick one began to gain
strength. Blue eyes were new to them ;
they did not know, at first, the sad unsee
Ing look that met their earnest gaze meant
there was naught of memory, naught of
knov,,ledge in their depths.
Already they loved the alien soldier who
had come to help p.n alien Emperor ru:.,
their land, and their brown-faced boy, Luis,
with eyes as dark as night, loved him, too.
Padre Palacios was a busy man, h e felt
sure the Austrian would never be as 'before
the wound, for was not the thr.lbbing brain
presRed by the skull? But, there was war
in the land, his time was full - ministering
t o those who would not see the next sun
rise, or lay struggl 'ng for life in hidden
places when they should have had tender
nurses and nourishing food.
" Ay de mi, compadre," old Ramon said.
looking at the strange guest in their jacal,
when h e came by to rest and chat, on h i s
w a y t o market w i t h a crate of charcoal o n
h i s baclr, " he m a y have been a fine man and
a hrave soldier once, but he Is as a child
now, an Inocente at that." So, for lack of
better name, they called him " El Ino
cente," and i t was not a harsh name, hav
ing a sweet sound in their soft tongue.
Time sped Off until four years had passed
since the brave young Emperor Maximilian
had asked some soldiers of Mexico near
Queretaro to , fire at his heart and spare
his face from mutilation; as many since
By C. B. MITCHEL.
t
!
his young wife in other lands had been
raving for " Max " to come to her.
More than four years had passed since El
Inocente had come to the little jacal In the
hot country of ·Mexico. A s,oft mustache hid
the lips and beard the chin, which might
h-ave looked weak without them. Waving
hair fell around his neck to lhe shoulders,
Anselm.a said it was " rubio " In color, and
so i t was�fair and almost reddish.
In body El Inocente was wen and strong;
the brain, which should have teemed with
the knowledge and wisdom of young man
hood, was as nothing.
One day , i t was the 2d of November, All
Soul·s' 1Day, Padre Palacios went to the
pantheon, as did a-ll the people for miles
around, for was i t not the day to let the
dead know the,y were not forgotten by
prayer and decorating their graves with
flowers, and, away from the large cities,
leaving things for them to eat, besides put
ting up new crosses and brightening the
old ones ? In those days only wise priests,
like Padre Palacios, told the poor fo,k to
bring flowers. but food ?-No.
Anselma and Estevan were there, too,
with Luis and Inocente, for there lay their
baby girl, Marta, and, though not able to
buy the spot and hold it in perpetuidad, they
had been able to pay the rent in advance
and save the tiny bones from being thrown
into the place of bones, as is the custom in
Mexico-a country so large and great, reach
ing from sea to sea; one can but think she
might have room for all her sons and daugh
ters to •sleep undisturbed until the trumpet
so1.mds, instead of casting them out and re
renting their graves to those who can pay
Their home was only a tiny place. Low
walls of adobe for a front room, another
of bamboo cane behind it, with an over
hanging roof of thatch of Jong cane leaves.
The earth was their floor, but i t was as
clean and as polished, from much sweeping,
as those of rosewood in the great houses
of the rich hacendados. Around the house
the ground was swept clean and hard in the
dry season. Anselma had a small brazero,
or furnace of pottery, for charcoal, which
she often moved outside the house for cook
ing the sopas and moles and all the fine
dishes Mexicans are fond of, but which tne
poor do not often have in plenty. Not
many women no richer than Anselma had
brazeros-they cooked on the ground with
any sticks they could find. The reason for
this was their men folk were not like Este
van, who did not spend his reales and me
dios, or even his cuartillos and tlacos, on
pulque, save when all the litt:e household
could have it fresh instead of co.ffee-it
being better for the health and cheaper.
Nor did he stop to play the tempting games
always so plenty at the fiestas on saints'
day£•. Because of E-stevan not doing these
things, ti.ere were some articles in that
bit of a house which made its tidy brown
keeper feel blessed among her kind. As
Estevan said once, when urged to venture
a little that he might gain much, how could
he afford to gamble and, the chances were,
,ose, and the poor boy, who could do noth
ing for himself. suffer from no fault of his
own. So he always hurried by the be
witching spots with their tinkling guitars
and the wilo, sweet music he loved to hear,
being in his own blood, and the merry
voices calling all to come join the games
in which they were sure to win.
I t was fin<' to get out of hearing and
reach the little home again to find Anselma
waiting fpr him, with her snow-white ca
misa showing her pium.p brown arms and
shoulders, and her pretty pink apron, with
a -border of white flowers woven in, over
her short skirt, which showed her little feet
in black cloth slippers, put on after her
work was done, and to show Estevan how
nice she still looked, though Luis was get-
" ON BREEZY BAYS."
From a Painting by Walter Clark.
for their loved ones to lie in them until,
ting quite a boy. Her silver earrings were
from poverty or neglect, their turn comes
long and bright, for they had been her
to be taken to the p:ace of bones.
mother's, as weli as the necklace of tur
Padre Palacios's heart was touched when
quesa beads, linked with pure silver. Many
he saw the little group. Estevan carried
rich ladies would have envied Anselma her
a small wooden cross made, and painted
turquois beads, and many rich men would
·b lack and white, by his own hands, while
have envied Estevan such love as their
the others had wreaths and ramilletes of
piles of gold• could not ,buy for them.
yellow flowers. There was a certain pa'n
I had almost forg,otten to tell of t,he little
in the good man's conscience as he watched
banana patch, which made a glossy green
t·hem. It had passed from his mind that
backg•round to the pale-brown hut, and the
he had ministered to the sick soldier ex
little garden at one side, with its low fence
cept at such times as he had passed the
of canes, held together by long, slender
j acal on what seemed more pressing busi
withes, woven about them by Estevan and
ness than the matter of a man who looked
Luis. It was full of flowers that could
the picture of health. It came over him
scarcely •b e seen from the outside on ac
now, as he wondered i t had not before, that
count of the vines of San Jose, which ran
he should not ·have left the two, who were
over the fence and hung so full of pi.nk
poor indeed, to have sole care of one not
blossoms and white ones that only glimpses
of their blood or country.
could ·be had of the cunning 110w fence and
When the small wooden cross had been
the skillful weaving. T,h ere were chickens
put in place and the wreaths hung on its
too, and .that year, when this strange !de;
arms and the ramilletes laid on the little,
of ·cha,nging El Inocente, so they might not
sunken grave, the priest joined the proud
know him a:fterward, canne upon them, they
father and mother as they stood viewing
had raised three turkeys for the rich town
the effect of their la·bor and love.
folk to make into moles. When Luis was a
He found they needed no sympathy for
few yea,rs older they meant to have a fine
tending the one they loved-they were too
mole de Gaujalote on his saint's day, -if
untrained in the ways of the world to have
they were doing as well as they hoped, with
one thought of that-but· Padre Palacios
Luis t_o help.
had not Jost all interest in his old profes
At that time, when their hearts were so
sion. He had recently met in Mexico City
freshly torn by the words of Padre Pala
a young surgeon from the United States,
cios, the two boys were coming from town
who had come to spend the 'W'inter away
with the three •burros, whence they had
from the cold .blasts of a northern climate.
d-r iven them with loads of firewood. El
The quiet earnestness of •D r. Milliken's pale,
Inoeente was of a sweet, lovable natu,re,
strong face had impressed him, and he
and Luis loved to :have him for com,pany.
thought of him as he looked down at E.J
Anselma still sat on the little bench out
Inocente seated on the ground by Luis,
side the house, close to the wall in front,
who gave him to eat from the basket An-.
with her crochet work in hand, and Este
selma had filled, for the day was to be
van was on the ground near her, weaving a
spent in the pantheon.
basket. In the distance El Pico de Orizaba,
Then he told them, Anselma and Estevan,
holding its snowy head toward the sky,
there was a hope in his heart that the
seemed almost near, though miles• away.
young fellow could l;)e made who'.e again
The clouds that were battling with the sun
·by the foreign surgeon.
for the privilege of hiding or showing its
grand beauty were nothing to them that
When the woman said he might suffer
afternoon as the sun shot !.ts rays of part
much, she had heard It said they used sharp
ing light, making the grim clouds gorgeou3knives, those wonderful men, he told her
of that deep sleep which ls of kin to death, . ly beautiful for the short time left, before
it dropped behind the mountains.
and would keep pain away.
Poor Anse1ma and poor Estevan! They
It was of what the priest told them that
forgot how /often they had said they were
they were talking when Estevan said he
glad the good God and the saints had al
thought the boy, for such he was to them,
lowed them to live where they could watch
should be seen by the young doctor.
El Pico and know whether the days were lo
be bright ones or dark.
The boys would soon be there. so · Estevan
hastened lo say : " Suppose he should be as
others, Anselmi ta, and long for hi3 own
again, as you say he might, could we not
part with him now, knowing of his great
happiness, better than meet h's M.tKer .tnrl
ours w i thout excuse for h s being as he h ?
Think, Anselma dear, i f i t wHe our boy.
ours without excuse for his being as he is?
" Yes, yes E-stevan, I have thought of it
when E l Inocente stands, as he does some
times, with his hand s pressed to his head,
gazing into the distance wilh wide-open
eyes. The brain is there, and I long to tear
away t'.lat which holds it fast. But, Este
van. he is ours, we saved him from death
whe_n there was no one to help-he i , ours."
" Still, Anselma, i f God and our Holy
Mother will it so, the young doctor must
see him. Perhaps he w ill sa·y that as he is
so must he be always."
" We are not rich," said Anselma the
next morning·. " Those great doctors work
[or gold, and this one may scorn the few
silver pieces we can offer. How can we get
him to t-he hospital where Padre Palacios
s•ays he must go to have the deep sleep and
lhe work done well? "
When the priest came to them he said the
doctor would be glad to help the young man
who, dear to them as he was, should be
given his mind again if possible, and al
lowed to choose his life as other men do.
'l'he great city was not so far away as
they had felt i t was. The journey -was
made with Padre Pal1i.cios and the little
family helped to live in a house near the
hospital. There were those who had long
known the priest and were glad to give of
what they had, and Estevan and Anselma
had so little money, and they, simple folk,
thought i t part of the -i nner workings of the
wonderful hospital. else they would have
shrunk from it-even for the sake of being
near El Inocente-they were only poor, hon
est, industrious people, from the hot coun
try,
Days passed. They were told that all was
well ; they must not see Um fo-r a time. He
would be a well man, the doctor said.
E stevan and Luis helped about the house
and learned to . swing the big sprinkling
pots to keep Jown the dust of the city
street. Anselma wore her peasant dress and
for early misas, in the Church of San Mig
uel, added ·her linen apron with its band
of drawn work in the Vera C'ruzano stitch,
which she had made before Luis was born
and never worn save at fiestas, and her
pretty brown re- boso, with widest of fringe.
She made the marvelous mats with her
crochet hook in the puma de! mar stitch,
and the ladies bought them to send to their
friends with �he story of the knitter and
the Austrian soldier, now getting well after
a simple operation skillfully performed.
There came a time when El Inocente was
allowed to ask quest-ions. " Where were his
soldier friends? " " How long had he been
in the hospital? " " Were there letters from
home ror him? "
The downfall of Maximilian's " imperial
dream," h.s fate, and that of his faithful
wife were told little by little. The pitiful
story, so old to · the world, was painful to
him in its newness.
Of his loving protectors he knew nothing
until they were brought to him by ·Padre
Palac:os, the young doctor, paler than ever
from excitement, standing by.
As he took their dark hands in his slender
white ones, and looked with clear, firm gaze
into their loving brown eyes, poor Anselma
wailild: · • He is not ours! Ay, dios mio ! he
belongs beyond the sea." Estevan crossed
himself. " Jesus! Jesus!. Madre de Dios,
what a man he is," he said. " I have known
them in my dreams," murmured El Ino
cente, and they were always good and kind
to me.''
Letters were written ,and Estevan, An
selma, El Inocente, and all knew that there
was a white-haired widowed mother in Aus
tria mourning for a son of whom his home
coming comrades could tell nothing more
than that he was with them when the fight
ing 'began and not seen again.
Then the mother came, and with her a
sweet Austrian maiden, fair and fond and
true as any man could wish, for she would
never give. up hope until she knew that her
girlhood lover was dead.
The · Austr:an woman, tall and queenly,
held Anselma to her heart, and blessed her
and her husband and Luis, who marveled
greatly at the change in his foster brother.
At the pretty marriage ceremony, civil
and religious, according to the laws of Mex
ico, to which many came and felt them
selves friends, the three were proud and
happy of the gifts showered upon their In
ocente, now Francis Gunner, as he was
before Estevan found h:m and Anselma
brought him back to health.
The hand clasps given Dr. Milliken were
such as no one can describe who has not
felt them-who besides a noble, true-hearted
physician has ?
Long years have passed. To E:st�van and
Anselma the memory of El Inocente might.
seem like a dream were it not for the ran-
chita, with its cozy house, all their own;
the lot in the panteon where lies their lit
tle Marta, theirs in perpetuidad and room
for them and Luis and ½upita, his wife,
and their children, too.
Once a month there comes a letter, and
Padre Palacios, now growing old but still
erect and noble to look upon, has long
since ceased trying to make Estevan and
Anselma understand why the bank is will
ing to give so many big silver dollars for
the slips of paper sent to them. Luis is
sure he knows, but once when his oldest
boy dared ask why, and he only eight
years old, Luis said: " Because Padr�
'
Palacios says so."
�_,----
./'
15
THE NEW I YORK TIMES-I LLUSTRATED MAGAZINE.
•
"""'---111i11L�=:;,;,,::.:::=:.,����=-_:,,�---��S)
S:
HERE AND THERE.
the time approaches for the
Middle States regatta at Phil
adelphia-to be held on Labor
Day-it becomes more and more
evident that the meeting will
·be a big one frcm an aquatic
standpc,int.
The Philadelphia
oarsmen are out on the Schuylkill prac
ticing daily, while on the Harlem the local
oarsmen are constantly in training, It is
expected that the Union Boat Club will send
two eight-oared crews; the Harlem Rowing
Clt.b will probably have a junior eight, a
double and an intermediate four; the Daunt
less Boat Club will have a junior four
oared gig, while the New York Athletic
Club, the Nassau, the Bro,oklyn, the New
Jersey, and several Canadian teams will
also be present. The outlook is for fast
time and good sport.
veloped true championship form. A notice
able feature in his playing is that he puts
the entire weight of his body into every Jong
shot, while at the same time retaining a
graC€fulness peculiar to himself. In this re
spect he differs from a great many other
golfers, who are what may be termed " arm
and wrist players " only.
•••
Tod Sloan, who sailed on Tuesday last for
England, continues to fill a rather important
place in the public eye. On his recent trip
to Saratoga, a few days before his depart
ure for the old country, he was a decidedly
conspicuous figure, and prominent men ·and
women alike flocked about him, if not to
talk witn him, - a t least to catch a glimpse of
him. Now that Edward " Cannon " Bald,
the bicycle rider. has " attached " him�elf
,.
�����----�-to bow down to the Easterners, who are
now the acknowledged champions in this
country, and are rapidly nearing the state
of perfection of the old country players.
Bl.t while the growth in numbers has been
so great, it ha-s been too great for the good
of the links. In other words, in order to
keep pace with the tremendous and sudden
growth in the number of players links have
been improvised, as it were, in a day. The
re-suit is that there are in the United States
only a very few really first-class links, and
certainly a very limited number that can
at all begin to compare with the English
and Scottish links. However, all this will
no doubt be remedied in a few seasons, after
which it might not be a bad idea to try to
inaugurate an annual golf contest between
the old country and the United States
•••
The Lone .Star Club will hold its annual
regatta on the Harlem on Saturday next.
The principal events will be a single shell
handicap, a single gig handicap, a doubie
gig handicap, a four-oared gig scratch, an
eight-oared barge scratch, and a one hundred
and fifty-yard handicap · swimming race.
The list of entries is a good one, and some
fast time and lively contests are expected.
Medals will be offered as prizes in each
event.
MARRIAGE IN GREECE.
•••
As the time for the Co,! umbia-Shamrock
races draws nearer and the public is getting
a fairer idea of the worth and rneri ts of
the boats-particularly of the American cup
defender-the interest in this great interna
tional aquatic event increases. From infor
mation obtained among yachtsmen and ship
owners generally it is learned that the de
mand for boats on the days of the races has
long been bee-un; and the indications are
that long before the date o.f the first race
every available craft to follow the racers
will be taken up. It is understood that
extra precautions to guard against any
overcrowding of the course will be taken,
and it is to be hoped that they will be suc
C€Ssful. What •betting that has been done
on the race thus far has been at odds of 10
to 8 in favor of the Columbia ; but it i-s more
than likely, as has already been pointed
out, that even money may soon prevail.
•••
Oanada has lost again in international
cricket, but only after a very game fight
and by but a comparatively few runs. This
makes the seventeenth victory for the
Americans out of a total of twenty-seven
international games played. Of the remain
ing ten Can•ada ha-s won eight and two were
drawn. It may be said, in passing, that H.
B. McGivern, the -Captain of the Canadian
team, is one of the best all-round athletes in
Canada. When at Toronto University he
was on the 'Varsity champion baseball nine;
When at Osgo-ode Hall, Toronto, he was a
member of the Rugby team which for two
successive years held the championship of
Canada, and he is also one of the fastest
lacrosse players in the Dominion. He is
about thirty-three years old and a practicing
lawyer at Hamilton, Ontario.
*•*
The recent accident to Findlay S. Douglas,
the golf player, by which ·h is arm was
rather badly lacerated, has served to call
closer attention-if that be possLl>le-to his
work as a golfer. Unquestionably his grea t
strength lies in his splendid ability to drive
the ball and the beauty- of his approach. As
a putter, it is claimed, he has not yet de-
off." The driver fidgeted a moment at this
sudden interruption, then took a tighter
grasp of the reins, and clucked to the
horses to quicken their pace. The hat and
the vehicle spun along in opposite ways.
" I say," sai1d .the .mechanic, " me ' rut's
blowed off." The driver fidgeted again, but
now his min� grasped the situation, though
most unwillingly.
" It 'as, 'as it? • he said, turning to the
man. " Well. then, that'll teach you to buy
'ats to flt your 'ead. I 'ad a ole lot of 'ats
blow off before I made up me mind to get
'em to flt me 'ead. After that i 'ad no more
trouble."
The hat wa-s still 'bowling along and wa�
uow at the further end of the bridge. The
mechanic looked at it dully. I was In a
fever of gratuitous Impatience for the 'bus
to -stop or for the man to climb down. The
driver turned back to his work and clucked
to his horses, who quickened their gait.
Just then a vagrant stopped the flight of the
ha.t and ran and caught the 'bus, and got
a penny for his pains. So every one was
haopy, even I.
THE LON E STAR CLUB'S CREW CA RRYING THEIR SHELL FROM THE
BOATHOUSE ON THE HARLEM.
to Sloan, the two should make a strong com
bination-Sloan as jockey for Lord William
Beresford and other gentlemen ; Bald as
backer of Sloan with their combined fort
unes-incidentally doing a little bicycle rid
ing. A rule of the English turf prevents a
j ockey from personal betting on the result
of the races ; and hence, undoubtedly, Sloan
is glad to have so good a friend and
" sport " as Bald for companion, who will du
the necessary backing with the " long
green " and add to both their purses in case
Sloan is successful in his mounts.
*•*
The growth oCgolf in this country can
best be judged by a reference to the number
of players. A few years ago such a thing
as a golf stick was scarcely heard of, and
the few links that existed were in the We-st.
Now there are in the United States no
fewer than 1,200 p!ayers, or practically
twice as many as in Great Britain, the home
of the game ; sticks are daily in evidence,
and links are numerous. The men from the
West, too, have within that time been forced
A BARGE PARTY FROM THE DAUNTLESS CLUB OF HARLEM OFF FOR
LONG ISLAND SOUND.
tea.ms. That certainly is coming one of
these days.
•••
The fight betwe"n " Pedlar " Palmer of
England and " Terry " McGovern for the
bantamweight championship of the world,
which is to take place at the Westchester
Athletic Club on the afternoon of Sept. 1,
promises to be one of the most celebrated
battles of its kind ever fought. Both men
are accounted fast and scientific, and they
are in superb condition. The fact that
Palmer is an out-and-out Britisher has
rather tended to make the affair take on
more or less of an international air.
" ME 'ATS BLOWED OF·F."
A hat once blew off a mechanic's head on
the top of a 'l:rns crossing Albert Bridge,
writes Julian Ralph in Harper's Magazine.
A stiff breeze blew up the Thames, and the
hat was whirled against the side of the
bridge, and then went spinning down the
foolway in the opposite direction from that
which the omnibus pursued. " I say," said
the mechanic, reaching over and touching
the driver on the shoulder, " me 'at's b:owed
Marriage is looked forward to as a mat
ter of course In Greece, says a writer in
Good Words. The preparation of a girl's
trousseau is often :tegun by her careful
mother while she is still a child. This is
more especially the case among the work
ing and peasant classes. The former pur
chase by degrees the materials necessary
according to their means, leaving to the
maiden herself the task of converting them
into wearing apparel and · articles for do
mestic use. TM daughter of a -.vell-t:>-do
peasant will receive as her portion a sum
ranging frcm £30 to £100, a good stock of
house linen and home-made carpets and
rugs, several articles of furniture, and two
or three suits of clothes, including a gala
costume for Sundays and holidays.
A husband for a portionless girl being
hard to find, Greek fathers make It their
first duty to save a dot for their daughters,
and brothers in a father's place consider it
incumbent on them. to see their sisters set
tled in life before taking wives unto them
selves.
Though Greek marriages are thus for
the most part mariages de convenance,
marital dissensions are extremely rare, es
pecially among the upper and middle
class€s. Greek men, besides being good sons
and brothers, are exemplary husbands, and
the women In their turn are the most de
voted of wives. Unions which result In
serious incompatibility of temper, or want
of sympathy arising from other unforseen
causes, are occasionally dissolved by a
Council of EJ,lders, presided over by the
Archbishop of the diocese. The proceed
ings are kept -strictly private, and all the
evidence is heard in camera, thus avoiding
the -scandal attached to divorce cases in the
West.
---+---
. On the Roacl to Succe,.s.
From/ The Boston Traveler.
Friend-How are you getting on?
Seedy Author- Good. I've got the mate
rial on hand for a splendid comedy, besides.
" You are fortunate."
" Yes, all I need now is the material for
a new pair of trousers."
A Distinction. From The Washington Star.
" Are you fond of golf? " asked Miss Cay
enne.
" Vel"y," answered Willie Wishington.
" Which do you do; play it or talk it? "
LAUNCHING THE FOUR-OARED SHEL L, LONE STAR CLUB.
�16
THE NEW YORK TIMES-ILLUSTRATED \vrAGAZINE.
\
··.
bloody public executions w1hich are so com
mon in China, are all popular spectacles
and entertainments in which even the chil
dren delight; while the indifference to the
welfare and comfort of their women is to us
a most painful stucJ,y. I remember the wife
of - a wealthy Chinaman, who ·had never
been -able to hear him a living child, being
admitted into the hospital -at Hongkong and ··
safely delivered of a son. · The husband at
once insisted un removing both mother and
child to his home.- quite regardless o·f the
fact that such a proceeding would be most
dangerous to the woman; he apparently
thinking that as she had borne him a son
who would be able to carry out ancestral
worship for him when he was dead, the wife
was of no further use to him.
When the children of the boat people cry
-because they have -been hurt, the mother,
instead of soothing them, simply takes the
cover of the well of the boat off, pops in the
child, closes the lid, and sits on it till the
child is quiet ; while If they see any one
drowning, instead of rescuing the person in
danger,_ they row away, it being a custom
that whoever rescues any one becomes re
sponsible for him in the future.
VIRTUE IN THE, SLUMS.
Jealousy, envy, and meanness wear no
fine clothes and masquerade under no
smooth speeches in the slums, says Jacob
A. Riis in The Atlantic Monthly. Often
enough it is the very nakedness of the vir
tues also that makes us stumble in our
judgment. I am thinking of the " difficult
case " that confronted some philanthropic
friends of mine In a rear _ tenement on
Twelfth Street, in the person of an aged
widow, quite seventy I should think, who
worked uncomplainingly for a sweater all
day and far into the night, pinching and
saving and stinting -herself, with black
bread and chicory coffee, as her only fare,
. In order that she might carry her pitiful
earnings to her big, lazy lout of a soh ip
Brooklyn. He never worked. My friends'
difficulty was a very real one, for absolute
ly every attempt to reUeve her was wrecked
upon her mother heart. It all went over
the river. Yet one would not have had, her
different.
Sometimes it is only the unfamili'ar set
ting that s- hocks. When an east side _mid
DECIDEDLY,
night burglar, dl.scovered and pursued,
Cora-Is there anytliln,,. between that De Winters girl and Jack Forester?
killed a tenant who blocked his way of es
Mabel-Yes ; her father.
cape, a few weeks ago, his " girl " gave him
up to the police. But it was not because he
taken human life.
OLD
MANHATTAN'S
WOODEN old wells, and, finding the water In •them h·ad
" He was good · to me," she explained to
contaminated by sewage, filled them up.
PUMPS.
the Captain whom she told where to find
The wells connected with the pumps on
HE only two old-f-ashioned wood
him, " but since he robbed the church J
en -hand pumps for drawing Trinity Place were among them, but banks
had no use for him."
were' sunk in the earth and connected with
drinking water on Manhattan
He had stolen, it seems, the communior,
the vublic water mains, and -the ctty still
Island are situated on Trini
service
in a Staten Island church. The
maintains these relics of the past.
ty Place, between Cedar . and
thoughtless laughed. But In her ignorant
In an old church In France is exhibited
Thames Streets. Unfortunately,
way she was only trying to apply the stand·
however, for tne lover of true
a hunting knife said ·to have· once been
ar-ds of morality as they had been taugh1
romance of whom ,Kipling writes, these old
owned by St. Hu bert, the patron saint of
her. Stunted, bemuddled, as .they were, J
pumps convey no visions of the " moss t-he chase. As the blade rusts off, in the
think I should prefer to take my chances
course of -time, it Is replaced by a new
covered bucket thrut hung In the well," for
with her rather than with the woman of
they are connected with -the Croton mains
one, and when the wooden: handle decays
wealth and luxury who some years ago
and supply pure Croton water the same as
another takes Its place. 'Yet it always re
gave a Christmas party to her lapdog, aE
mains the sacred knife of St. Hubert.
any ordinary, prosaic hydrant.
on the whole t.h e soundest of the two, and
In a like manner, as the old wooden
However, an industrious delver after
bv tar the most hopeful.
pumps on Trinity Place decay they are
facts can find a story in any object, even
pa,tched up. and finally replaced by new
a pump, the same as Mr. Crummies found
THE DARKENED DAY.
ones, but the o,d residents of the neighbor
a melodrama in a pump and •tubs. The
hood will still tell you that they were put
originals of these pumps were erected more
She rises to me fro= ,t he darkened sea,
there more than fifty years ago by " Paddy
than fif-ty years ago by a well-known char
Sunsets and stars bring back her face to
the Pumv."
acter in New York-one Patrick Burns.
me ;
He was a pumpmaker. and was known all
I find her when my lone tho-ught wanders
over the city, from his occupation, as
far.
OHINAMEN NOT SENTIMENTAL.
" LE'addy the 1Pump."
Beyond the g!erumy reach of sun and star;
He kept a private record of all the drin1k
There ls an entire want of sentiment
"\Vhere never winds or waters laugh or moan
lng wells on Manhattan Island, many of
about John Chinaman, says a writer in
I he-ar . h er voice; -It i.s the old.en tone.
which had been covered over and the pumps
Chambers's Journal. I suppose the struggle
All quiet beauties of the day and night
removed. If a-t any time New Y· ork's water
for existence is so keen in their densely pop
Give her again to hea,ring and to sight;
supply had given out in its early days, re ulated country that they have no time to cul
But wihen the ('!lay returns she fled the
course would necessarily have been to
tivate. the softer emotions of kindness and
years,
" Paddy the Pump " to locate the old wells,
gratitude. It Is wonderful to observe the
Then -am I deaf with grief, death-iblfad with
as there was no public record of them.
glee with which they see any one of their
tears.
As the city's population increased, the
fellows hurt or made ridiculous. The tor -JOHN VANCE CHENEY In The Century.
Board of Health took possession of all the
tures inflicted in their courts of law, and the
--�
Unexpected Favors.
From The Chicago Record.
Fate deals me, now and · then, a pleasant
·boon.
Though such, indeed, has seldom been her
plan.
Sometimes, in street car riding home at
noon,
I sit beside a lady with a palm-leaf fan.
Facts Are Stubborn Things.
Every one familiar with
the sui1iject knows that
Hand-,oade, Sour Mash
Whiskey is the finest ; that
Kentucky produces the
best ; t hat
Old Cro,w
Rye ·
�l.. .,. "
THE OLD PUMP --;\-T THE CORNIDR OF TRINTTY PLACE: AND CEDAR
STREET, NEW YORK.
One of the Two Remaining Pumps on Manhattan Island.
is the finest Whiskey in the
wot'ld, and brings the dis
tillers more price th1n any
other rnade in the United
States.
H . B. K I R K
&.
CO. ,
. -SOLE BOTTLERS, N. Y.
Our wigs are featherweight, and ·fit so
close to the head that they defy detection.
Finest materials. Workmanship guaranteed.
A Special Department for Gentlemen's
WIGS AND TOUPEES.
No Hair Dressing complete without
Wavj�IDllc�es
Call and we will arrange one with your own
hair, to show you how charming the effect.
NATU RAL C U R LY BAN GS.
Especally adapted for Summer wear.
Cooking
·u tensils
-
Becaus e to each article is attacl,ed a
' chemist's certificate guaranteeing that
it is free from arsenic, antimony,
lead, or any other poisonous ingre
dient.
LALANCE & GROSJEAN M'FG. CO.,
New York, Chicago, Boston.
Sold by all reputable dealera effrywhere. ·
Wrlte tor tree �klet.
R i c h a rd C a rve l
By WINSTON CHURCI-IlLL.
Published the firs week in :June, has 1'eached l/),
the first week in .August tbe I I th edition
and 70th thousand.
For Sale at any Bookstore,
TRUE POLITENESS.
The pollteness or the Irish peasantry Is
proverbial. There was a· ludicrous exem
plification of it given in Chambers's Jour
nal which occurred at the Roscommon As
sizes recently at the trial of a man for
robbery and assault. An old woman named
Mrs. Cosgrave was the prosecutrix. On
being aslrnd if she saw in court the man
who had assaulted and robbed her, she
turned round, and, pointing to the prisoner
in the dock, said, most politely, " There's
the very gintleman, your Honor."
IN A BOOK.
Here's a word underlined.
Did you do it.
For me now to find?
Here's a word underlined.
Ah, love, was I blind
And yoi:I knew ·it?
Here's a. word underlined."
Did you do it?'
-Pall .\-lall Gazette.
Cruel Disappointment.
From The Somerville Journal.
' Here is the ending of a letter received last
week by a country editor In Western Massa•
chusetts:
" And permit me to subscribe-"
(Complacent joy seen spreading over the
editor's countenance.)
" myself, .with be-st
· ' wishes for you and
yours:-"
CFaintin--g 6,f editor.)
THE GREAT PASSENG ER LINE OF AMERICA -N EW YORK · C E NTRAL.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Linda Jacobs Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical note</h4>
<p>Dr. Linda Jacobs has a PhD in Near Eastern Archaeology/Anthropology. Author of <em>Digging In</em> (2011) and <em>Strangers in the West</em> (2023), Dr. Jacobs' work is on Middle Eastern culture and the nineteenth century Syrian Colony in New York.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content note</h4>
<p>The Linda Jacobs Collection contains multiple postcards, glass bottles, photos, and other printed materials like periodicals and magazines related to Syrian identity and culture in the United States.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893-1945
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Linda Jacobs
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes, 2020-2021.
Collection Guide created by Sarah Bernstein, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0059
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Postcards
Periodicals
Photographs
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LJacobs021
Title
A name given to the resource
The New York Times Illustrated Magazine Supplement
Description
An account of the resource
An issue of New York Times Illustrated Magazine from August 20,1899, which includes an article (pages 4-5) on the Syrian Quarter in New York. The article includes seven photographs.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1899 August 20
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
New York Times Illustrated Magazine
Subject
The topic of the resource
Periodicals
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
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Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
New York
Newspapers
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/d453f751483fee6cd35e6f1dfb6369a8.pdf
3419810329c8eb1b35ef7bbf39318d05
PDF Text
Text
Price 1 0 Cents
.
I
The Gentle Art of
Holding Up a Coach
Suavity and• Consideration of the Sheppards
and Turpins Contrasted with the Boor
ishness and Violence of Modern Rob
bers. By Mr.
Charles f de. · N irdlinger
•
•
•
• , Country Lanes and
City Pavements''
Chapters VII. and Vil!. of a new ?tory by Mr.
Maurice M. Minton
Author of "The Road of The Rough"
•
•
•
Plays and Players
Stuart Robson's revival of "The Comedy of _
Errors" criticised by Mr.
Austin Brereton
�THE ILLUSTRATED AMERICAN.
OCTOBER 14, 1893.
'' Too Many Cooks
spoil the broth," Probably because they don't usP.
�Ct°'
Horsford's Acid Phosphate
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month. We mail Cook Book free; send us your address.
�
Armour & Company, Chicago,
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�VOL. X I V.
New York.
For the Week ending O C T OBER 14, 1893.
THE G ENTLE ART O F H c LDING
Chicago.
Ur
No.
191.
A CoACH .
. A I NSWORTH, the novelist, and the young woman of the pantomime are
largely responsible for the high esteem in which highway robbery is held by
the less prosaic portion of the community.
The former has ,,·oven pretty romances about the daring m isdeeds of the
most unconscionable rogues that ever tightened a rope : he has clone for J ack
Sheppard and Dick Turpin what his predecessor i n that line, M r. Fielding, clicl
for Jonathan · w ild. Nay, he has clone more ; for ,vhile Mr. Fielding was content
to show the rascally \Vilcl in his true light, Ains1rnrth has chosen to present his
dubious heroes i n a halo of extravagant gallantry and devil-may-care chivalry. His
fine tales have doubtless started many a scamp on his way to trouble.
But it is the young woman of the extravaganza, the holiday pantomime, who has
had the most to do with the glory of the gentlemen of the road. To my mind Jack
Sheppard has always seemed something of a martyr ; a sort of misused babe-in-the
woocls victi m of relentless laws and of the selfish, cowardly institution known as
society. H istory may tell, with convincing detail, that Jack Sheppard showed from
his earliest boyhood that he was born to be hanged : that he robbed, not merely from
the love of adventure, but rather from a vulgar fondness for o·ain : that he was as ready
to steal from the needy as from the rich ; that he 11·as an uncouth, ill-mannered varlet
who had precious little 11·i t in keeping out of reach of the constables.
H istory may record these things with certainty and veracity and yet Jack Sheppard
.
cuts no such figure i n m y m ind. The Jack Sheppard that I and the reader know is a very
different sort of fellow. H e is a pert, handsome, neatly groomed youth of less than twenty.
He has light, curly, kinky hair, blue eyes, a saucy, turned-up nose, and the most charming
manners in the world. H e goes about clad i n coat and breeches of black satin or of purple
gros-grain silk. His shirt front is a fleecy mass of frills and laces, and his tiny hands are half
hid i n a cloud of Valenciennes. Such an entertaining fellow h e is, too ! At the slightest hint he will break out in the jolliest
songs imaginable, and before you've tired of his glees and catches, he 11·ill surprise you with a skill and
grace of terpsichorean accomplishment that the lad couldn't possibly have learned from Quilt Arnold, Hell
and-Fury Sykes, Jerry Abershaw, Nick Nevison, or any of his Tewgatc associates.
Th.1t is not the Jack Sheppard of history, we know ; but it is the Jack Sheppard of our own personal
acquaintance. It is the Jack that we saw when we 11·ere taken to the pantomime at Christmas time, and it
is the only Jack who holds a place in our memory and fancy.
And you can't make u believe that he's as bad a fellow as history tries to make out. We've seen
hold up a mail coach-with a boldness so consummate that it took no heed of a parquet,
balcony, and gallery filled with people-but he always distributed by far the larger part
of his booty among the numerous young persons who stood about and told of Jack's
prowess in a chorus of valse tempo. The Jack that we know never took a
purse save from those that could well spare it. He never frightened
the aged, the defenseless, or the fair. To the last he was always
gentle, tender, and kind. To lovely woman he was the pink of
c hivalry, the f1011·er of gallantry-at once a Bayard , a Chester
field, and a Don J uan. 0, a deuce of a fellow is the Jack
Sheppard that we know 1
It is a curious and an interesting anomaly that the most
serious of all crimes against property-one that 111volves
almost invariably the question of life as \Yell-has
always been regarded lightly, pleasantly, and even
affectionately. There seems so much of desperate
daring in the adventures of the knights of the road
that blame yields place to admiration. To enter a
house stealthily by night, to pilfer the goods of a
sleeping man, is rightly deemed a contemptible,
cowardly act. But to stop a coach, often in broad
clay light, to compel half a dozen able-bodied men
to hand over their gold, their jewels, and even their
arms-that is quite another affair, and 'tis little wonder
the savagery that is innate and persistent in man,
�4 .5 0
T H E I L L U ST RAT E D A M E R I C A N .
even in hi3 most enlightened state, impels him to a sneaking
admiration for the reckless highwayman.
No one, of course, pretends that the profession of Claude
Duval or Captain Grant or Galloping Dick Ferguson is re
spectable, but it is certainly romantic, picturesque, and, above
all, distinguished. The highw3yman is interesting for much
the same reason as the actor.
The character of the men who have achieved chief distinc
tion in the profession of the road may account in part for the
esteem in which the calling is held. In the main they have
been men of tine personal bravery, of handsome figure, fas
cinating manner, and generous nature. Their good fortune
in amorous enterprise is attested by many a court chromcle.
The ladies loved them. vVhen Jack Sheppard was in New
gate prison, he was so worried by the embarrassing attentions
of half the belles of the season in London that he broke out
of gaol as much to escape their killing kindness as to escape
the gallows. He himself said so whe:-: recaptured.
The prettiest and wittiest actress at the Drury Lane Theatre
chose Dick Ferguson for her sweetheart, before half the
titled gallants of the town. vVhen a certain prince chaffed
her for her partiality for the highwayman, " when she might
have any gentleman in the kingdom , " the jolly baggage tossed
her head and replied that ' ' Dick had better manners than the
King himseif. " I regret to add that Dick beat her regularly
once a week, and took all her earnings on every quarter-day.
Dick Ferguson, by the by, had one little weakness that
brought him much fame and eventually much trouble.
Whenever he held up a coach he succeeded, before taking his
departure, in inducing some fair member of the plundered
company to accept his escort to some distant town. But he
always made sure that his companion was a wedded woman.
H is predilection in this regard brought him a fine reputation
for chivalry, and to his dying day it was his boast that he had
never wronged a maid. Ferguson was very proud of his blue
blood and his aristocratic descent. He was the son of a gen
tleman's valet.
There is hardly a highwayman of the first class who
did not in some way evince the possession of a na
ture and of talents considerably above the ordinary
.
I speak of this only because it expiains. partiall y
a t any rate, the peculiar favor which these gen
tlemen enjoyed from all classes of the community in which they lived.
Jerry Abershaw, who was hanged in 1 79 5 ,
was a n artist o f n o mean ability, " as handy
with the brush as with the pistol," to quote
his biographer. During the irksome days
preceding his execu�ion, the prison_ offici_als
refused him the consolation of his parnt
tubes and paleae, lest he should cheat the
gallows ,vith the pigments. But some sym
pathetic visitor once brought poor Jerry a
basket of black cherries. ·with these he con
trived to adorn the walls of his prison cell with
a series of pictures showing his principal ex
ploits on the road. Abershaw was a tremen
dous dandy. H e spent most of his earn
ings in the fashionable follies of attire .
Up to his very last hour he went clad
in raiment of the most expensive cloth
and of the nicest fit, and he walked to
the gallows with a flower in his mouth .
\Vho hasn't heard of the dashing
ways of Captain Grant, the handsome
Irishman who once held up, single
handed, a royal mail coach in which
half a score of the biggest soldiers in
Eno-land were riding to a distant county to
a1-r�st the bold robber who was supposed to be hiding there? Captain Grant, like his congeners, had
. ;,
most winning ways- · ' a second Macheath with the
.
ladies," in the language of the Newgate chromcle.
When he was in prison at Maryborough, all the grand
dames came from miles around to get a glimpse of the scamp
of whom such pretty stories were told. Some Pepys of the
OCTOBER 14, 1 893 .
T H E I L L U ST RA T E D A M E R I C A N.
time relates with great glee an episode connected with the
Captain's bold robbery of the house of Sir Thomas Cambie,
of Queen's County. Lady Cambie was so taken with the
Captain's considerate treatment of the women folk in the
house that she ordered the butler to bring some supper for
the fellow. As the servant was laggard in opening the wine
the Captain impatiently tried to remove the cork \Yith his
teeth. " 'Tis a pity to spoil such fine white teeth, " quoth
Lady Cambie, and forthwith stood up and procured a cork
screw. It is gratifying to know that such an attractive rascal
retained his nerve to the last and met his fate with ' ' decent
fortitude and pious resignation."
The manner in which these prototypes of our own train
robbers died seems to have interested their contemporaries
almost as much as did their mode of living. The fact is in
teresting because it is suggestive of their importance in the
eyes of their fellow citizens. They \.Yere ind ubitably regarded
as heroes, and writers of the last century-when coach robbing
attained a vogue only equalled lately in this country-dwell
with evident pleasure on the grace and aplomb with which the
rogues marched to the hangman's noose. It was evidently a
matter of pride with the scamps to cut as good a figure as
possible on the scaffold-and afterwards. There is the story
of Joseph Blake- " J3lueskin " Blake-one of Jack Sheppard 's
cronies, and as bold a rake as ever threw a pair of leaders
on their haunches. Before Blake was fifteen years old he had
achieved a reputation throughout England in his calling. He
was a veritable child prodigy in the gentle art of holding up a
coach. vVell, JoP.atban \Vile!, that meanest and vilest of
criminals, who grew rich on the rewards obtained by betray
ing his pals, one day banded poor Blake over to the autbori-
ties. On their way to Newgate they passed the house of the
public prosecutor, and Wild, thinking to cheer his victim's
journey, remarked :
' ' There's the ken. "
' ' Say no more of that, Mr. Wild, " returned Blueskin, • ' for
I .know I am a dead man ; but what I fear is that afterward I
shall be taken to Surgeons' H all and anatomized. " vVhere
upon vVild assured Blake, on his word of honor as a gen
tleman, that he should have a coffin and should not be
anatomized.
E ven \Vild's promise of proper and permanent burial, how
ever, failed to console Blake entirely, and we read that " seeing
no prospeGt of getting away he took to drinking, which he
continued to the day of his death. "
The surgeons contrived to get hold of Dick Turpin's body
and intended to anatomize it after the fashion so dreaded by
Blueskin Blake, but the populace wouldn't have it so. A fter
Dick's execution his remains were taken to the Blue Boar inn,
45 1
now, but no highwayman of the old regime ever thought of
doing any real harm with them. They seldom or never used
them save on a policeman.
Suavity and considerateness marked the conduct of the en
terprising adventu rers who robbed our grandfathers as they
rode from county to councy. A fellow like Claude Duval or
any of those whom I have mentioned above, would have
deemed it beneath his dignity to swear and swagger and
threaten as do the boors and rum-sodden bandits of the dav,
who seem to do their utmost to make things uncomfortable
for their startled victims. vVhy, there was John Turner, one of
the wealthiest footpads of the last century, who began life as
a peruke maker, and who was induced to take to the road
simply because-if his Boswell is competent authority-be
cause ' ' his obliging Carriage endeared him so much that be
determined to better himself. " Turner ' ' robbed with such
Gentleness and good Manners, putting his Hat into the Coach
and taking what Money they thought fit to give him : nay,
'
I
in Castle-gate, York, and interred the same day in the church
yard of St. George's parish. Some medical apprentices re
moved it a few hours later and \\'ere seen to take it to a sur
geon's house. The hue and cry were raised and Turpin's
admirers, who included almost everyone in the to,,·n and
county, demanded the return of the highwayman's remains,
which were promptly reinterred in consecrated ground after
being carried all about the town in something like a triumphal
procession. Turpin was all in all the most popular rogue
that ever nabbed a watch or cut a throat. The populace
fairly idolized him. A fellow of most engaging manner, of
distinguished appearance, he was generous to a fault-with
other people's money-and made friends of all with whom h e
came in contact outside of business hours. The harsh, violent
methods employed by the vulgar ruffians who ha,·e lately been
robbing railroad trains in and about Chicago had no place m
the system pursued by Turpin and his congeners. There
were pistols and gunpowder in those days, j ust as there are
sometimes returning a Part of it, if the Dress or Aspect of the
Person gave him room to suspect that their wants we;· e as
great as his o,\'n. "
I ndeed, it \\'as a regular custom, in those good, old days,
for a robber to allow a person to retain any particular je,Yel
such as a seal-ring, or a fob, or a watch, or heirloom of any
sort-on bis promise to leave its cash equivalent, agreed upon
by the robber and bis victim, at some place agreeable to both
of them, as, say, Young Man's Coffee House, in Charing
C ross, or some like piace of general rendezvous. And, curi
ously' enough , these engagements were generally carried out
in good faith by all concerned. \Voe to the poor devil who
attempted to deceive a knight of the road and thereaf,cr fell
again into his hands !
The breed of h ighwayman has undoubtedly gone to seed.
The ruffians who stop a train by the ignoble device of a false
signal and then proceed to blow open strong-boxes by the aid
of dynamite, are not to be mentioned in the same breath with
�45 2
T H E I L L U ST R AT E D A M E R I C A N.
the dashing cavalier who, single-handed, robs a stage coach
thronged with suspecting travellers, and all as gently and
politelv as if he were leading his doxy out for a dance.
In the case of Jack Sheppard, Fame did not wait for the
boy-robber's death to accord b1rn the out1Yard show of her
distino·u isbed favor. Though the cu rly-headed, snub-nosed,
pert i'�ttle rogue-you see, one can't get rid of the Christmas
pantomime conceit-was not yet t1Yenty-three years old when
he was hanged at Tyburn, he bad achieved a reputation and
popularity beyond that of any scamp in England smce the time
of Claude Duval. The story of how be went to the round
house of the parish of St. Giles's and demanded the release of
his fifteen-year-old dulcinea, the accomplished lady known as
" Edgeworth Bess," whom he carried off by force of arms un
der the very eyes of all the constables in the parish, was woven
into romance, rhyme, and song that travelled the length and
breadth of the kingdom. Jack wasn't cold in bis grave before
the Drury Lane managers put forward a rattling farce, called
• ' Harlequin Sheppard," while the chief attraction offered � t
the Bartholomew Fair was " The Quaker's Opera, " wberem
Jack's escape from Newgate was shown with something of that
realistic mechanical ingenuity that has made the fortunes of
several modern playwrights.
But the crowning glory of Jack's vogue was reached when
Sir James Thornhill, the foremost painter of bis day. asked
and received permission to paint the youthful robber's portrait
-a work that was generally regarded as no less of an honor
for the painter than for bis subject-a verse maker of reputa
tion deeming the occasion worthy of these lines :
" Thi; piece to latest time shall stand
And show the wonders of thy hand.
Thus former masters graced their name
And gave egregious robbers fame.
" Apelies A lexander drew
c�sar is to Aurelius due.
Cromwell in Lily's works doth shine
And Sheppard, Thornhill, lives in thine."
OCTOBER 1 4, 1 893.
It is doubtful whether a poet or painter of our own day
would undertake to celebrate with rhyming or limning the ill
clad, swashbuckling bandits who cannot rob a railroad train
without swearing like pirates and blowing up two or three
roods of steel track. Stodgy boots lend themselves not to
swinging metre: and there is little in a shabby derby and a
turned up coat collar to catch a painter's fancy.
It is a far cry from a Bert Buzzard to a Claude Duval.
The one set the fashion of noise and bluster and 1 1pp111g oath
that are the usual concomitants of a contemporary train
plundering. D uval, on the other hand , who first caught the
trick of piilaging the traveller with neatness and dispatch, set
the pretty pace which his congeners of the last century followed
unvaryingly.
.
.
His friend, the D uke of R1Chmond, with whom he crossed
to England at the tim_e of the _Restorati� n, never ceased re
gretting that his delay 111 advancmg Duval s poht1c_al fortunes
bad lost him such a valiant and chivalrous retamer. A nd
such was Duval's fine repute for gallant entertainment that
after he began his outlawry half the women of King Charies's
court were constantly devising excursions to distant counties
in the hope of being robbed on the way.
.
What wonder that his s uccessors took example from bis
gentle manners and nice consideration !
I would not be understood as commending the impious
callino- in which these blades engaged : nor deeming their
fault �toned for in full by their politeness and generous _ be
havior : nor as suggesting to adventurous youths_ the d_ev1ces
by which they might filch a fortune fron� a passmg tram and
yet retain the admiration and good-w1ll of the populact'.
Were l to express myself with complete fran�ness, perhaps
I mio-ht
, write that which were as well left unsaid. " For m y
part."; J make bold t o observe with Hugh H oughton, ' ' I a m
far from taking upon me either t o enter into t h e Breasts of
Men or pretend to set Bounds to the Mercy of God /n � tb; �� fore without any further Remarks shall condude
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
S
T H E I LLUSTRATED AME RICAN.
45 3
A PLAGU E OF M EN.
OME strange elements have insinuated themselves into •of his own country. Ingenious cabinets of olivewood, rude
the immigration problem. It is not the most obvious jewelry not unlike that of Benares, bits of sandstone said t ,
factors in the question that are the most interesting, have come from t h e ruins of King Solomon's temple and ac
even though they be the ones of paramount impor companied by printed slips i n ' • English as she is spoke, "
tance. To the superficial observer it would seem absurd to attesting that fact, gimcracks for feminine adornment made
consider seriously the part played in the corruption of our na of amber and silver, fans of musky sandalwood, Jong, gilded
tional life by Syrians. And yet the student of the situation flasks of rose attar, and boxes of figs make up the outlandish
who sets ot'lt to examine the subject in all its phases and as stock in trade with which these white-teethed, black-bearded,
pects, may not disregard even such an obscure and apparently and suave spoken aliens hope to coze7 a competence from the
insignificant detail as is suggested by the steadily increasing rich Occidentals. In the winter, the peripatetic merchants,
colony of d usky Orientals who have planted a patch of the still following the course of wealth and fashion, betake them-
C H A R LES FDC. N I RDLING ER.
SOME RECENT ARRIVALS FROM DAMASCUS.
Levant in the metropolis in the region of the city adjacent to
'vVashington street.
The Syrian who expatriates h imself from the land through
which the Jordan flows, from the cairn delights of sweet Da
mascus, from the olive groves and odorous meadows of Hau
ran, from the sleepy commerce of Beyrout, Acre, Haifa, Tyre,
and Tripoli, to try his fortunes in the 'vVestern world, comes
here with the single purpose of engaging in trade that shall
bring him enough to return to bis native land and end bis days
in the shadow of bis own fig tree, in the ease and idleness so
dear to the Oriental.
If the reader bas seen the picturesque traders who in the
summer montr.s carry their wares from door to door, at New
port, or Saratoga, or Long Branch, he need not be told that
the Syrian confines his merchandise exclusively to products
selves to the resorts of Florida and other portions of the South.
Many of the quaint foreigners find it profitable to wander
with their wares through the country within easy reach of the
metropolis. I n the villages and at the farmhouses their ex
traordinary garb of baggy breeches, jackets something like
the Eton now in vogue, gay colored sashes and conical caps
of Pornpeiian red, together with their Arabian Nights tales of
the wonders of the East, win them ready attention and secure
them profitable trade.
It does not take long for these bronzed disciples of Mercury
to acquire what must seem to them a handsome capital. Their
wares they dispose of at prices far beyond their worth, and
their mode of life compels the paltriest expenditure imaginable.
Perhaps five or ten cents a day suffices for their alimentary
needs. Their frugality in this regard is not born of meanness
�454
OCTO BER 1 4 , I 89 3.
T H E I LL U ST RA T E D A M E RI C A N .
T H E I LLUSTRATED AME RICAN
o r miserlinF-ss. I t i s si:nply that centuries o f habit and custom
in a tropic climate, have ;nured their systems to an abstemious
diet that to us seems but one remove from starvation. A
bit of bread, sometimes touched with olive oil, a few tigs or
banana$, and a cup of coffee, very black and monstrous
strong, make u p the Syrian ·s menu for both the morning and
evening meal. His vices-of course, in common \\'ith all
humanitv, he has some-are not of the flagrant sort that leads
to reckless prodigality even if h is u nremitting industry ga\·e
h i m opportunity for their indulgence. So, it is little \\·onder
that he prospers amazingly and i n a few years is enabled to
return home and perhaps set up h is own little garden in beauti
ful Damascus.
There is an viteresting story told of the queer circumstance
that first started a movement of Syrians to our shores. Some
years ago, a circus O\\·ner anxious for novelties wherewith to
beguile the blase yokel of the U nited States, dispatched an
agent to the far East in search of \\·hat is known i n the ver
nacular of the sawdust ring as · ' features. " A fter several
months' sojourn in the Orient the man returned with a dwarf
camel, a sacred ox, and a marvellously skillful juggler. After
a few seasons with the circus, the juggler found himself pos
sessed of more money than he had ever supposed was in the
whole world. R eturning home he began a train of l i fe of
such magnificence that the fame of his splendor and riches
spread throughout all the land , from the Euphrates to Sinai.
The authorities of the province in which the juggler dwelt
sent for him and clemanclecl an explanation of the source of
his i mperial wealth. The juggler promptly told them of h is
career in the U nited States, where gold mines could be had
for the tincling and where diamonds grew o n trees.
I mmediately a large part o f the Syrian population of two
m illion persons evinced a desire to depart for the scene of the
juggler's prosperous exploits. The Government, ho\\'ever,
somewhat incredulous of the fakir's accounts, set inquiries on
foot and learned that w h i le the United States offered decided
advantages in certain ways, still to succeed here required
considerable energy and physical exertion. The Syrian popu-
455
lace at once recovered from their impetuous desire to migrate.
Physical exertion, as indicating the hewing of timber and carry
ing of stone and wielding of ponderous hammer, is something
to which he has a constitutional a\·ersion.
It is said, down in the pu d1eus of vVashington and Green
wich streets where the Syrian has established his domain
just opposite a huge soap factory, by the by-that the first ,;,ne
of their countrymen to land at Castle Garden 1.\·as promptly
seized by t he authorities, \\·ho intended to send him back
whence he came because he had no friends and no property
beyond a shabby looking old rug that he ne\'er let get out
of h is -sight. But one n ight the new arrival managed to es
cape from h is prison-by-the-sea, and took his measly old rug
\\"ith h i m . It didn't take him long to dispose of his sorry pos
session. I t happened to be a genuine work of art, on \\'hich
h is family-famous as weavers in their native land-had been
occupied for three generations, and \\'ith the proceeds of its
sale to a Fifth avenue connoisseur he was enabled to bring
over a \\'hole shipload of Syrian goods, wherewith he estab
lished a trade that has now reached very dignified proportions.
The memory 0f the good fortune of this particular Syrian,
whose rug seem:; Lo ha\·e had something of the merit of the
magic carpet of Tangu, doubtless still abides with his country
men ; for often you m ay see among the temporary sojourners
at Ellis Island some gleam ing-eyed Ararncean apparently
equipped for a career in the new \\·oriel with no other resource
than a soft-hued tapestry like that which smoothed the way to
fortune for our first Syrian immigrant.
The fact that the Syrians all profess Catholicism has brought
them no little blame from certain over-zealous and unduly
suspicious c hurchmen w ho claim, u nreasonably and ignorantly,
that the pretended allegiance to Rome is a mere device adopted
for mean motives of a commercial character. Now, no one
who has the slightest knowledge of the character and faith of
the Mohammedan could for a moment entertain such an ab
surd proposition. For a ' ' true believer " of Mohammed's ten
ets to deny the Prophet, for the sake of selling a few amber
beads-it is not only preposterous, it is impious.
A PLAG U E O F M �:N : SCENES I N THE TURKISH QUARTE R O F N EW YORK.
1 . Gentleman o f Erzeroum.
2. Turco-American barber.
5. Said EI-Haiek & Bros,
3. Syrian ne'er-do well.
.
6. Mrs. Esh-Sha' m, of New \ ork.
4 . Mr. Esh-Sha'm 1 of New York.
9. Ancient and :Modern Syria.
7, Just landed.
8. The Adonis of the quarter.
TAMMANY, WHO DEFEATED LAMPLIGHTER TN THE MATCH AT GUTTENBURG, N. J., SEPTEMBER 28, 1893. (Seej,agq75.)
•
�T H E I LL U ST RATE D A M E RI CAN.
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
T H E I L L U ST R AT E D A M E R I C A N .
(From a copyright photograph by Arnold, Chicago.)
German Government Building.
WITHIN T H E JIIAGIC CITY : SWEDISH GOVERNMENT BUILDING.
GERMANY laid herself out to be represented at Chicago in
a manner worthy of her reputation as a manufacturer and an
art producer. Her Government Building is the handsomest
of all the foreign buildings and is essentially German in its
characteristics. It is situated in the northeastern portion of
the Fair grounds and faces the lake, on which i t has a front
age of about 1 50 feet. It is built in several styles, but the
whole effect is harmonious. The centre is in the form of a
chapel, very richly decorated, and in the belfry are hung three
great bells, which are intended for the Church of Mercy, now
being constructed in Berlin to the memory of the late Empress
Augusta. Fine as the exterior of the building is, with its bay
windows, projecting balconies, its turrets and high roofs cov
ered with German glazed tiles, its waterspouts and roof cor
ners of bronze and brass, the interior is even more impressive.
Passing through a magnificently decorated reception rotunda.
one reaches an inner hall which covers an area of about 2 ,000
square feet. Balconies rise in tiers on all four sides, and all
the wood is richly carved or decorated with sombre coloring.
This hall is occupied by the displays of the German book man
u facturers. I n the chapel there is a tine display of ecclesias
tical art, including stained and painted windows, church vest
ments, missals, prayer books and bibles, statues of saints,
crucifixes, etc. Over the main entrance to the building is in
scribed in Gothic letters a German motto which, translated
into English, reads : " Bountiful and powerful. rich in corn
and wine, full of strength and energy, mother of the sweetest
tunes, and home of the greatest thoughts, I will sing thy
praise, oh fatherland of mine." The total exhibit of Germany
is valued at over $ 1 0,000,000.
Swedish Government Buildin g.
WITHIN THE MAGIC CITY : NORWEGIAN G0VERNME:'.\'T BUILDING.
(From copyright photographs by Arnold, C hicago.)
T H E Swedish Building, which is hexagonal in form, \Yas
constructed in Sweden, then taken to pieces and brought to
Chicago. I n working out the design, the architect has been
guided by the style uf Swedish churches and gentlt:men's resi
dences of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. As far as
possible the characteristics of old Swedish architecture have
been preserved. The IO\\'er part of the front wall of the building
is of brick, terra cotta, and cement work, but the remainder
is entirely of wood, the whole of the roof and walls being cov
ered with shingles. The inside of the building is painted in
light colors and decorated with bunting, coats-of-arms, etc.
Opposite the main entrance is a large picture of Stockholm, in
front of which stand wax figures dressed in the quaint cos
tumes of the S 11·edish peasant. To one side is a panorama
of Swedish landscape, to the other a peasant's cottage. There
45 7
is also in the building an excellent representation of a
Swedish home, which is most artistically furnished. A
sport exhibit includes specimens of the various means of
transportation used at different seasons and in different
parts of the country, such as snowshoes, skates, canoes,
etc. The women have a remarkably line exhibit of em
broideries and other needlework, and there are also exhibits of
chma, glass, gold and silver ware, and the unrivalled safety
match, whose usefulness does not, however, render it as in
teresting as it ought to be.
Norwegian Government Building.
THE Norwegian Building is the most characteristic of all
the government buildings, being modelled after the old ' ' Sfav
kirke," which dates from the eleventh century · and several
specimens of which are still preserved among the ancient
churches of Norway. It is a cross-gabled edifice, the peaks
of whose gables are ornamented with decorations similar to
those used by the old Norsemen at the prows of their ships.
The building was made in Norway and brought over to this
country in sections. It is used as headquarters for the Com
mission and Norwegians and contains no exhibits of any im
portance.
English Government B u i l d i n g.
GREAT BRITA I N ' S building, officially known as ' ' Victoria
House, " is in imitation of one of those half-timber English
houses which are so common in Cheshire and date from the
sixteenth century. The upper portion is of half-timber con
struction in natural oak, with overhanging and projecting
gables and tiled roof. The walls and ceilings of the principal
rooms are eiaborately panelled after the fashion · of the old
English country houses. In the grand hall and staircase is a
ceiling, copied from one in 1 orth Wales, which elates from
the middle of the sixteenth century. Another is taken from
one at H addon Hall. The ceiling in the reception room is
modelled after that in the banqueting hall at Crewe H all,
which is one of the finest specimens of Elizabethan architec
ture in England. The dining room has rich carved oak panel
ling and is furnished to illustrate the treatment of a modern
dining room in the E lizabethan style. The embossed leather
on the walls ,vas originally made for the new ball room at
Sandringham Hall, the Prince of vVales's country seat. The
furniture throughout is very handsome and is modelled after
the best specimens of old English and Italian furniture. The
floors of the principal rooms are covered 11·ith hand-made
Axminsters, and the whole of the house is tastefully orna
mented \\'ith tire-dogs, grates, mantelpieces, and fireplace
fittings of graceful designs. In the vestibule are two very
handsome terra cotta panels representing ' ' The Prodigal
Son " and ' ' Pharaoh at the Red Sea, " 11·hile in the grounds
is a large group of "America, " also executed in terra cotta.
Brazilian Government Building·.
BRAZ I L has raised a most attractive structure for its repre
sentatives at Chicago. It is painted white. is in the form of a
Greek cross, and is French Renaissance in style. I t is two
stories high and is surmou nted by a dome. The roof is used
as a promenade, upon which specimens of the luxuriant flora
of Brazil are tastefully arranged.
�T H E I LL U ST R AT E D A M E R I C A N .
W ITHIN T H E MAGIC CITY :
WITHIN THE
IAGIC CITY :
OCTOBER 1 4 , 1 893.
OCTOBER 1 4, 1 893.
T H E I L L U ST RATE D A M E R I CA N .
ENGLISH GOVERNMENT B UILDING.
BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT BUILDING.
(From copyright photographs by Arnold, Chicago.)
OUR GALLERY OF PLAYERS : CXVIT.-HERRERT STANDING.
(See j,nge 463.)
459
�T H E I L L U S T R AT E D A M E R I C A N .
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
T H E I L L U ST R AT E D A M E R I C A N .
j>tAY) - _
.J._)_::_________-j
PLAYS AND PLAYERS : SCENES AND CHARACTE RS FROM " THE COMEDY OF ERRORS " AS
PK0DUC ED BY STUART ROBSON.
(From photographs specially taken by our staff artist . )
I . £GEON PLEADING TO THE DUKE.
(ACT I,)
2 . ANTIPHOLUS AND D l Oi\110 OF SYRACUSE, ADRIANA,
AND LIICJA>l'A,
, � Master,
shall I be porter at the gate � "
5. 1 o PHRYNE, T H E M E I G SI N G BEAUT\' OF EPIIESu . "
S.
,
S. �
l• INAL
SCE:,,,• e
, ,HOLUS OF SYRACUSE WOOES LUCIANA. (,\CT I I . )
3 · ANTU
4. ADRIANA.
7• ADRIANA AND THE TWO ANTJP HOLUSES. (ACT IV.)
h Are not you my husband ·>"
(ACT I f . )
6 · ,rHt::. ARBESS
. (iE'.'llILIA) .
u I see by you I am OF THE LAST ACT.
a sweet�faced youth."
�1�
" T h e Comedy of Errors."
H E Comedy of Errors," as
now p r o d u c e d by M r .
Stuart Robson, provides
hearty amusement for the
public and is a source of unusual in
terest to the student of Shakespeare
and of the .stage. Mr. Robson has
given new l i fe to an excellent acting play and he has once
more directed attention to the master mind of the world's
greatest dramatist. The Shakespearean piece is an infinitely
better play than the work of Plautus upon which it is founded.
The one is a mere rollicking farce ; the other, while possessing
an almost unlimited fund of humor, is, nevertheless. a comedy
in the highest and best sense of the word. In this, as in his
other pieces, Shakespeare was distinctly original-a fact worth
noting at the present time. He borrowed his plots, it is true,
but they were used by him as mere skeletons, as suggestions
only. There is a work! of difference between the matured
work of the old Latin poet and the youthful production of
Shakespeare. The one was written only to create laughter,
and laughter is the intention of • • The Comedy of Errors. "
But the one was the mere playwright's effort to amuse, the
other imbued comic character and incident with a vein of
poetry which at once lifts i t far above its merely farcical pre
decessor. I n h is treatment of a subject, no less than in his
knowledge of human nature, Shakespeare is supremely great.
In his respect for womanhood alone, he touches a note not
thought of by Plautus. For in the · • Memechmi "-which
suggested " The Comedy of Errors "-there is little honor
accorded the wife. In this, Plautus but reflected the feeling
of the early Roman civilization. The character of Adriana,
however, 1s a noble one. Her faults, such as they are, lie on
the surface. She is irritable when her husband comes not
home to dinner ; she is attacked by ungo\·ernable and unrea
sonable jealousy. But these faults come from the very excess
of her love for her husband. She forgives in an instant ; she
but needs a touch of the band , even though it be given un
willingly, for all her wealth of love to sweep mad jealousy to
the winds. She is dignified, tender, and true, of a sweet, lov
able nature, a true type of womanhood. She would raise the
tone of the play, even had it no other elements of beauty and
truth.
But Shakespeare, in order to complete the harmony of his
piece, has added the character of the wife's sister, another type
of womanhoQd, wise, chiding, and affectionate, a little grave,
perhaps, but so drawn in contrast to the more easily aroused
A driana. The introduction of Luciana may seem somewhat
mechanical and her marriage to the second A ntipholus may
appear, to our modern vie\\·s, somewhat conventional. But,
without Luciana, much of the beauty of Adriana's character
would be entirely lost. She helps to complete the charm of
the_ s_tory and the love for her of Antipholus is as natural
as 1t 1s pleasing. Again, there is the hand of the true poet
111 the characters and treatment o t h:geon and h:milia, the
long-separated husband and wife who are reunited to each
other and to their children after many years of doubt and
suffering. See, also, in _small things, how the fi ner percep
t10n o_f Shakespeare dommates. I n the Latin play, the h us
band 1s re p resented as carrymg a\Yay a dress of bis wife's i n
order t o give _it t o a courtesan. In the " Comedy, " the place
of the dress 1s taken by a chain which the husband has or
.dered for h is wife, and which he only thinks of giving to the
"
0�
T
other woman in a fit of fury at finding his house-doors locked
upon him. The genius which subsequently gave to the world
the masterpieces of dramatic literature is evident even in " The
Comedy of Errors, " written before its author was thirty years
old. " \Vhat is d ue to Shakespeare, and to him alone, " says
Swinburne in regard to this subject, " is the honor of having
embroidered, on the naked old canvas of comic whim, those
flowers of elegiac beauty which vivify and diversify the scene
of Plautus as reproduced by the art of Shakespeare. In this
light and lovely work of the youth of Shakespeare. we find
for the first time that strange ad1'1ixture of farce with fancy,
of lyric charm with comic effect, which occurs so often i n his
later work, from the date of • A s You Like It ' to the date
of • The Winter's Tale. ' " Not only is the beauty of the
play all Shakespeare's, but much of the fun is his also. The
twin slaves are his, and, consequently, all the fun of the
Dromios belongs to Shakespeare.
In the revival under notice-and this production is a revival
in the best sense of the word-it is a pleasure to find that
justice is done, not only to the fun, but to the beauty of the
story. Mr. Robson gi\·es us all the ringing merriment of
the play, together with its poetry. Therein, he is much to
be commended. H e gives us " Th e Comedy of Errors, " as
nearly as possible, as Shakespeare wrote it. H e has deftly
contrived to blend the hu mor with the pathos, and so to please
an ordinary audience of amusement seekers and the student
into the bargain. I am not old enough to remember the
brothers Charles and Henry Webb, who played the Ephesian
Dromio and the Syracusan Dromio, respectively, throughout
America and England .a quarter of a century ago. But I
have a very distinct recollection of two revivals of importance
in England-the one, on June 1 3, 1 8 8 1 , at the Alexandra
Theatre, Li\·erpool, the other, on January 1 8, 1 883, at the
Strand Theatre, London. On the former occasion, the Dro
m ios were the late Edward Saker and Lionel Brough ; in the
latter, John Sleeper Clarke and Harry Paul ton. The produc
tion, which was prepared by the late Hon. Lewis Wingfield,
was, substantially, the same i n both cases. The impression
left on my m ind is one of gorgeous scenery and comic, but
uneven, acting. The serious part of the story was relegated
to the background, and the character of Adriana was consid
erably compressed. I n the version presented by Mr. Robson,
the story has full sway and , I am sure, i t is a beneficial one.
Shakespeare understood the value of contrast, and Mr. Rob
son is right in preserving that contrast and in letting h:geon
tell the dramatic story of the loss of his wife and sons to the
Duke. It prepares the audience for the complication which
follows, and 1t affords an excellent contrast to the comedy
which succeeds. By thus enforcing the serious side of the
play, Shakespeare heightened the effect of the conclusion and
sustained his interest to the very end of the comedy.
When the Brothers 'Nebb played in " The Comedy of
Errors " at Drury Lane T heatre, i n September, 1 866, their
version was i n twelve scenes. That presented by Mr. Robson
is in half that number. The first act, in reality a prologue,
�T H E I L L U ST RAT E D A M E R I C A N .
represents the ducal palace at Ephesus. The second act
has three scenes, the exterior of the house of Antipholus, the
garden of the same-with a fine, distant view of the city
and another exterior. The third act is devoted to the port, a
picturesque subject ,veil treated, while the fourth and last act
takes place in the ' ' melancholy vale, " a summit overlooking
the city, near to the abbey and on the way to the place where
JEgeon would have been executed but for the timely finding of
his wife and sons. Excepting that I think the fun of the piece
is too long delayed by keeping the Dromios from the audience
until the second act, it is an excellent version. That, how
ever, as I have already pointed c,ut, is a technical arrangement
which more nearly concerns Mr. Robson than any one else.
He is, doubtless. wise in impressing the ordinary playgoer by
the dramatic story and in letting the tale unfold itself before
diverting with the comedy. But it is idle to descant upon so
slight a fault, if fault it be, when there is so much merit i n
STUART ROBSON AS DROi\lIO OF SYl�ACUSE.
b y Shakespeare. Mr. Robson's Dromio i s one o f the brightest
in my memories of Shakespearean clowns. Mr. Robson, i n
dealing with Dromio o f Ephesus. has been eminently fair. Mr.
Giles Shine makes all the capital that is to be made out of the
part. Of course, his chief business is to resemble the other
Dromio as closely as possible in all particulars. And this he
most certainly does, so that the line of difference is only drawn
sufficiently for intelligibility. Mr. Shine is a sound actor and
he gives a successful performance. An actress of gt·eater re
source and reputation than Mrs. Robson would consider the
character of Adriana beneath her. Hence, that is one reason
why the stage has known no actress of especial note in the
part. Mrs. Robson invests it with its womanly truth and ten
derness, and, very properly, does not accentuate its occasion
al harshness. The remainder of Mr. Robson's cast is quite
efficient. The perplexed and manly Antipholus of Syracuse
of Mr. W. H. Elwood, the dignified Duke of Mr. C. H. Mack-
THE TWO DR011IOS.
the production. For here is the play, as Shakespeare de
signed it. His story is splendidly set forth, and his charac
ters are preserved. I n particular, Mr. Robson is to be praised
for preserving, in Adriana, one of the most beautiful, one of
the most tender, of Shakespeare's lesser characters.
Mr. Robson, wise in his generation, never forgets that the
play is a comedy and that the spectators expect to laugh. So
the fun of the Dromios is sustained from beginning to end,
with the result that this merry play keeps the audience in a
constant ripple of laughter. The enduring success which Mr.
Robson has attained as Dromio of Syracuse lies chiefly. as I
think, in the fact that he never exaggerates. He recognizes
that Dromio is a slave and would not be allowed any undue
ltcense. So he keeps himself well in hand. H e is droll,
merry, mirth-provoking, but never boisterous. He is full of
quaint turns of voice and odd facial expression. He never
grimaces or outsteps the limit of his part for the sake of ob
taining a laugh. Slow of action, but quick to conceive, he is
just the sharp-witted, good-hearted, faithful fellow depicted
OCT0ilER 1 4, 1 893.
CJLES SHINE AS URQ:\110 OF EPHESUS.
lin, and the pathetic JEgeon of Mr. vVm. Yerance, may be
specially mentioned. A word of praise is also due to the
graceful bearing of Miss Grace Franklyn Lynch as Luciana.
A note1rnrthy feature of this production is the incidental
music of the late Robert Stoepel, who enriched the drama by
the appropriate music for more than one noteworthy play.
H e understood the art of illustrating a story by descriptive,
but subdued music, which interpreted the drama in no ordi
nary manner. How excellently he succeeded in the case of
" The Comedy of Errors " will be noticed when Mr. Robson's
revival is presented in New York. It will then have the bene
fit of the large and picked orchestra which cannot usually be
had in a travelling combination.
" Th e Rainmaker o f Syria."
THERE is little to be said concerning ' ' The Rainmaker
of Syria. " It is not by any means a good comic opera, even
as that class of \York is considered here. It is a feeble imita-
OCTOBER 1 4, 1 893.
T H E I L L U ST R AT E D A M E R I C A N .
tion of the Gilbert-Sullivan method. Its plot is simplicity it
self-a commendable thing in so-called " comic opera "-but
its characters are as feeble as they are conventional. There is
an occasional line in the dialogue which is not so dull as the
remainder. The music is almost invariably reminiscent.
There is a good deal of j ingle in it, but the orchestration is
lamentably weak. Some years since, this piece m ight have
succeeded. But it is not sufficiently ' ' up to date " to please
nowadays. I do not know that Mr. Sydney Rosenfeld's
' ' book " is any worse than that of the average writer of this
kind of nonsense, or that Mr. Rudolph Aronson's music is
much below the intelligence of the average audience. But
there is a lack of vitality about the whole thing. Even a
poorer piece than this might have been saved from first night
failure had there been any special ability on the part of the
performers. M iss Bertha R i cci looked well and spoke excel
lently in the chief female role, but was wanting in her singing
voice. Mr. Mark Smith sang well, but was insipid in his act
ing. The comedians were forced when they were not lacka
daisical The chorus was good. The patrons of the New
York Casino have been accustomed to better scenery and cos
tumes than were displayed in this production.
create the part of Don Pedro in " A Dark N ight's Work. " he
played all the leading juvenile characters with Samuel Phelps
during his farewell engagement, and he played Christian in
' ' The Bells, " on the memorable night of November 2 5, 1 87 1
-when, at the Lyceum
Theatre, H e n r y Irving
first acted Mathias-and
throughout the run of that
drama.
Mr. Standing's next en
gagement, destined to be
the longest, and, probably,
the most important in his
career, was at the Criterion
Theatre. He was original
ly engaged for six weeks,
but he remained there for
nine years, to the delight
of London p l a y g o e r s .
Among the parts which he
created during that period,
and in which he achieved
particular success, are Sir
Percy Wagstaffe in ' ' Pink
Our Gallery of Players.* CXVI I.-Herbert Standing.
Dominos, " which he play
MR. H ERBERT STANDING, who made his debut in this ed over e i g h t hundred
country on August 2 8 last, at Washington, in " The Other times, and Captain Mc
HERBERT STANUING AS CAl'T. CAMERETTE.
Man," is one of the best of latter-day English comedians and Manus in ' ' Betsy, · • which
he acted for nearly a thousand nights. He was i n the first
a valuable acquisition to Mr. Charles Frohman 's company.
One reason, he alleges, for his having adopted the stage is cast of all the great Criterion successes in farcical comedy.
that both his parents were strict Quakers. But as he is not His last part there was Captain Hawksley in " Still vVaters
the only member of the family who has sought and won fame Run Deep," a part in which he made a conspicuous artistic
behind the footlights, I fancy that the real reason of his having success. He then went to Drury Lane, under an engagement
become an actor is a natural ability for such a career. One to Sir Augustus Harris, which lasted for four seasons, playing
of his brothers, W. T. Carleton, has long been a favorite in the polished villains in melodrama, making a notable hit as
America. Another brother, Frank Celli, was for many years Major Belgrave in "A Million of Money. "
Mr. Standing was the original Jack Fortinbras in ' ' As in a
a leading member of the noted Carl Rosa troupe of operatic
artists and is still a popular singer in England. Mr. Standing, Looking Glass, " and he has played the title role in " J im the
who, by the way, plays under his real name, was i ntended for Penman " throughout England with conspicuous success.
the English Civil Service. He passed his examination suc During an important engagement in Australia, he acted Trip
cessfully and for twelve months was a faithful member of let in " Masks and Faces, " Char!es Surface in " The School
for Scandal, " Dazzle in " London Assurance, " and Loris
Queen Victoria's servants.
Ipanoff in " Fedora. " In addition to being an actor of
But he tired of the monotony of life in an office and longed
for a " life of vicissitudes and worry, " which, he avers, he got, marked ability and wide experience, Mr. Standing is an ardent
although I fail to see that his career has been marked bv much admirer of athletics, the noble art of boxing corning in for his
vicissitude, for Herbert Standing and worry do not seem particular admiration. He was one of the originators of the
compatible.
If he h a s famous Pelican Club, and he is at present a member of the
ever, in the course of a un National Sporting Ciub.
Mr. Standing, it will thus be seen, has never been what is
iformly successful career,
encountered any trouble it called a ' ' star " actor. But, in companies where all round
was as a sailor before the excellence is a merit, and where backbone is required, he is of
mast, for, on leaving the great value. He has presence, a distinguished, gentlemanly
Civil Service, he shipped bearing, and in playing a comedy part, he has a fund of sly
to South Africa. A sea humor which is captivating. On the other hand, he can touch
faring life was soon aban the pathetic stop when required. In proof thereof I may cite
doned for a more remu his Triplet, a well-considered, artistic, and telling piece of act-·
nerative one. It was at ing, which I had the pleasure of witnessing some seventeen
the Queen's Theatre, Long months since in Australia. Captain Camerette, in ' ' The
Acre, London, that, in the Other Man , " is not a good part, by any means. It is " respon-.
late " sixties, " he made his sible, " to use an old theatrical term ; it is necessary that it
first appearance on the should be well played, but i t does not appeal to a general
stage. The company of audience It is to be hoped that M r. Standing will not be
players embraced names allowed to leave America without a chance to distinguish h i m
self in ' ' metal more attractive. "
which are now famous.
Mr. Standing had for com
' ' The Other Man, " an adaptation of ' ' Champignol Malgre
panions H e n r y J rv1ng,
Lui, " a highly successful Parisian piece, was produced in
London, at the Court Theatre, a week after its i nitial repre
John L a w r e n c e Toole,
L i o n e l Brough, Charles sentation in this country, under the t itle of ' ' The Other Fel
'-------'"""'::.__---�
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H r nBERT STANDING As TRIPLET,
\,V yndham, the late John low. " But, although the titles differ, the English version, by
Clayton, and Miss Kate Mr. Fred Horner, is the same in both cases. " The Other
Hodso n (now Mrs. Henry Labou chere).
Man, " which has just been played for a number of weeks at
From London h_e went to the provinc es, where he encoun the Garden Theatre, New York, \Yill be acted on tour by Mr.
tered the hard but mvalua ble training of those times, an ex Charles Frohman's original company including, of course,
perienc e \Yhtch afterwards stood him in good stead. He was Mr. Standing in the character of Captain Camerette. (See
not, however, allowed to remain away from the English me page 459-)
tropolis for long. He was engaged by Dion Boucica ult to
AUSTIN BRERETON.
'
* This series of promine1�t actors and ac:resses was commenced i n No. 71. of THE lt.LU!::i l'kATr.u
A.,1ERICAN.
�OCTOBER 1 4, 1 893,
T H E I L L U STRAT E D A M E R I CAN.
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dozed in the moonlight. When her song was ended, Pru
dence begged her sing a ballad._ Charity laughed, �wept
the strings of her harp, . and sang :
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" Fair Lady Isabel ·sits in her bower.sewing,
Aye as tlie };01,vans gro-;,u gay _;
There she heard an elf-knight, blawing his horn.
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The first_11101·ning in llfay.
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' If I had yon horn . that .I hear blawing , '
Aye a s the g-01,vans gro1.v gay .,' And. yon elf-knight to sleep i n my bosom, '
T!te first morning i n May.
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1'WONLIGHT AND LAMPLIGHT A T FAXSHAW FARM I N THE COOL
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OF A SUM11ER DAY.
IS Imperial Majesty the Sun, monarch of this our
firmament, the unmortgaged source of light and
heat, the glory of the skies and the beneficent dis
tributor of good cheer among men, weary of looking at one side of this " oblate spheroid slightly flattened at
the poles, " (a term by which our infantile minds, in the
wretched schoolboy days, were cudgelled to understand the
earth , ) marched, as " dignified and stately " as one of M r.
Sullivan's peers, a few million miles about his realm to shine
on countless other worlds and on the other side of this oblate
spheroid. Meanwhile, above the hills and trees the bashful
moon, c:escent, hung in the jewelled sky, casti�g her pale,
soft radiance down on Fanshaw's farm. Now and then,
f rom the silent wood, clear and sweet in the cool of coming
rnght, came !he moan of the whip-poor-will ; from the pas
tures, stretch111g- far, the dull, deep notes of the cowbell told
where the cattle were grazing, while nearer to the cottage
piazza mynad . cnckets swelled, as in chorus, the evening
hymn with their ch1rrup, chirrup, chirrup. But the fragrant
air, balmy \� 1th the breath of apple blossom, flowering bush,
and clover helds, trembled with the sound of a sweeter voice
than that_ of linnet, lark, or whip-poor-will, for she who sang
was Chanty, and the song that she sang was · of love-of love
that is constant and true.
And as Charity sang, touching the strings of her harp with
fing_ers ? eft _a nd sure, Obadiah Fanshaw, seated in his great
{:hair with his daughters, beside him, puffed his pipe content
edly. He wondered if Charity did not confess to her harp
much that her hps would never express, and so wondering,
H
" This iµaiden had scarcely these words spoken.
Aye as the gowans g row gay ;
Till in at her window the elf-knight has luppen,
Tiu first 111on,ing in May.
Sc'.lrce had the last notes of her sweet, pure contralto
passed away, to mingle with the harmonies of the wooded hills,
when, to the music of the strings, came from the orchard the
words of the fourth verse :
IV.
" ' Its a very strange matter, fair maiden,' said he,
Aye as the ){OWans g'Yo1.o gay .,• I canna' blaw my horn, but ye call on me, '
The first 11torni11g i n Jlfay. "
Tender, passionate, admirably adapted to the l[nes. and
sentiment of the ballad, was the rich baritone voice of the
singer. To Charity it seemed as though the e!i-knight, in
deed, had come to her in the weird moonlight, and in her
mood she touched the strings of her harp. In her quiet, silent
life her fancies had played such pranks with. her,. that she
stood half the time in dreamland, and now, lost•i n her ballad,
she forgot she was still Fanshaw's daughter and that the voice
of the singer was an intruder on Fanshaw's farm. Prudence
startled, amazed and delighted, for nothing ever disturbed the
eternal calm of the rambling cottage, shaded her eyes, for the
moon fell on her face, and peered into the darkness· of the
apple orchard's shade. Fanshaw, half c;lozing, dreamed of a
hawk circling over his dovecote, awoke to hear tqe voice sing
ing the last line.
" Stop ! " he cried to his daughter as he leaped to his feet.
' ' What's that ? "
' ' The elf-knight, " cried Charity, delighted by. the sound of
the voice.
" My stick, "· harshly muttered
the- old man, hastening into
·
·
the house:
* The first chapter of " Country Lanes and City Pavements " was published in No. 188.
�OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
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T H E I LL U ST RAT E D A M E R I C A N .
The girls ran around outside o f the cottage to the main
doorway, where their father already stood, shaking h is stick
high over head and waving his other arm to the wood. \Vay
down, under the trees, close to the road, they saw a horse
and its rider noiselessly dashing toward the stone wall which
gleamed in the silver light of the laughing moon. Up from
the earth rose horse and man, flying the wall as though
winged.
' ' It is the phantom horseman, father, " said Prudence.
• ' Elf-knight or phantom horseman, 1 '11 get my gun, " mur
mured Obadiah Fanshaw sententiously as he d(sappeared into
the big square hall.
' ' Prudence, can you guess wno that phantom came to
see ? " whispered Charity, pinching her sister's arm.
" Can't imagine, " she answered with a roguish toss of the
head, and added mischievously, ' ' Lady I sabel, I suppose. "
' ' Nonsense ; the lady a certain horseman stared at this
morning."
' ' Hush, " whispered Prudence, half pleased ; ' · here is
father. ' '
' ' Play, Charity ; play ! " commanded Obadiah Fanshaw, lay
ing his fowling-piece across his knee and muttering to himself,
• ' Signs up- ' Private Property ' ; ' No Thoroughfare.' "
" Father, " said Prudence softly, as she pointed to the gun,
" what are you going to do with that ? "
• ' Blow some buckshot through the elf-knight or phantom
horseman, " dryly remarked Obadiah Fanshaw. " Play ! "
Charity's voice once more sounded sweetly, but her heart
was not in her song ; it, with her fancies, was wandering away
under the trees. Prudence, with knitted, thoughtful brows
and sharp, watchful eyes, peered into the shade ; she wondered
if he should come if it would be well to strike up the muzzle
of her father's gun ; for, after all, why should he not seek her ?
What woman, living off the frequented byways of men, will
not find an excuse for the man who respectfully seeks her?
Think you that the days of the Sleeping Princess and the
handsome Prince belong to childhood alone ? Prudence
sighed, for she knew by the set smile, the gleam in the old
man's eye, that he would wing that phantom horseman.
But neither horse nor rider returned to the wood. Charity
wheeled her harp into the cottage, took the gun from the old
man's hand, and bade him remember that the night wind was
growing chilly. She stood behind his chair as she spoke, with
her hands clasped under his square, iron j aw. Her voice, so
low, so sweet, so soft, murmured to him-murmured to him
as the brook murmurs in the ear of the weary hunter at the
close of a hot summer day. She had, when a mere child,
con11 uered the sternness of the man by her sweet insistence.
She had made him carry her on his strong shoulders, roll her
ball across the cottage floor, and when weary, compelled him
to let her nestle i n his lap. The child had melted the ice i n his
heart, had made him vassal to her whim, and now, when
twenty years had caused her loveliness to bloom into the full,
fresh mellowness of glorious womanhood, her soft, round,
warm arms encircled his neck and pressed his head to her
bosom.
Prudence sat watching the silver clouds race across the sky.
ow they seemed as long-pronged forks of shining metal,
now as horses charging in line, now as wraiths hastening
�o the spirit world. One, as fine as veil of gossamer, drew
itself across the moon's fair face, and then another, drawn
lightly u nder it, shut the celestial radiance from her view.
Darker banks rolled up from the westward ; so dark and deep
they_ s �emed that she almos_t believed them to be the sky it
self 1f 1t were not that they were starless. She sat silent, and
somehow seemed lonely. She never put her arms about her
father's neck as her sister did-indeed, she scarce touched
hi � forehead-when she kissed the grim old man good-night.
He thought her cold and distant ; she thought him stern
and hard.
A tree toad's foreboding note sounded clear, incessant,
shrill and sharp, over chirrup of cricket ; the cattle browsing
111 the fields wandered toward their sheds, and Farmer Fan
shaw stirred himself, muttering, " Rain. "
Then they-the father and his daughters-entered the cot
tage, closed the glass doors, and sat themselves in their ac-
customed places in the great square hall about the big, oak
table. In a deep, low-cushioned chair the girls' grandmother
sat. her ever busy fingers plying the knitting needle. This
hall occupied all the lower part of what had once been the
original Fanshaw cottage. The partition walls had been
taken down as Obadiah added to h is house, and he had put
around the hall a wainscot of oak which he had turned and
carved with his own hands, for Fanshaw was skillful with the
joiner's tools. His workshop was well equipped with turning
lathe and tools, and here in earlier days had he passed many
a long, silent hour fashioning, in wood, expressions of his
thought and fancy. The oak table, carved after an ancient
Venetian pattern, was his choicest piece of work ; and many
an hour, in his age, he sat looking at it. In one corner,
diagonally crossing it, was a huge brick chimney, where whole
logs would crackle furiously on winter nights. To one side
a low staircase of four steps ran beside the wall to a landing ;
beneath it \Yas a closet, off it a closed door. Behind this
door was a square room. Here had four generations of
Fansha 1,·s led their brides ; here had come into the world the
children of the house ; here had Obadiah 's "·ife closed her
eyes in the long, sweet, dreamless sleep. And when she
was taken from it Obadiah removed to another room and
gave it to h is eldest daughter. Strange seemed the simple,
dark, time-honored oak banister and worn stairs in this hall
of polished, ornamented, panelled oak. Fanshaw would
have rather seen the cottage rise in flames to the vaulted sky
than the old stairs, worn smooth with the passing feet of
those from whom he came, come down to g ive place to new.
In the centre of the table stood a great lamp, ,-v ith a shade
almost as large as an umbrella. This Prudence had made of
wire-for she had some of her father's skill-and Charity
had covered it with silk and tassels and weird embroidered
shapes, which Prudence said \Yere ' ' moving figures in a
fantastic allegory. " But Charity laughed and said : ' ' Dear
Prudence, you are so clever. "
" Did the phantom horseman return, dearies, " asked the
kindly old lady, looking over her glasses. " I am not sur
prised, Charity, that the elf-knight came, for if I were a man
and heard your sweet voice, I would come, even though a ·
fiery dragon stood a t the gate. "
" Our dragon, " answered Charity, turning her face, bright
with smiles, to her father, ' • breathes powder and shot. Even
Robin Hood and his merry men could not come within arrow's
flight. "
' ' No, " said Prudence slyly. • ' We ought to put up a
notice on the gates : • All archers are prohibited on these
premises. \1/arning hereby given to Messrs. Robin Hood,
Little John, Allan-a-Dale, and Cupid. (Signed) Obadiah Fan
shaw. ' "
' ' Yes, indeed, " exclaimed Charity dramatically, moving
her hands as though playing an invisible harp. " \1/e ' twa
sisters ' bonny brides shall never be. "
' ' The fairest spinsters of this green countee, " added Pru
dence, helping Charity with a rhyming line.
" Very firte poetry, " dryly remarked Fanshaw ; " you had
better send it to the shop and have the feet repaired. " After
a pause-not forgetful of the unwelcome horseman in his
orchard-he added : ' ' \Vhat do you girls want, anyway
lovers ? " The old man's voice sounded harsh.
' ' Oh, father ! " exclaimed Prudence.
" Yes, papa, " answered Charity, nodding her head, .. if you
please. " The light of the lamp fell on her riotous tresses,
which shone with the rich, deep lustre of old gold.
"w
· here is your modesty? " exclaimed her grandmother,
throwing up her hands. ' ' In my time girls pined before
speaking. "
' • The times have changed, granny, " interrupted Prudence ;
• ' now girls speak before pining. "
' ' ' Why don't you speak for yourself, John, ' asked • Pris
cilla, the beautiful spinner of Plymouth. ' Have we not the
great Longfellow's authority for that ? " asked Charity, not a
little pleased to think she could quote from the poets as well
as Prudence. The dear c,]d grandmother looked up and
smiled approvingly at Charity. In the smile there was the
look of fond admiration.
�T H E I L LU S T R A T E D A M E R I C AN.
, ; You can have Seth Alsop spark you, daughter, " said
Obadiah kindly, looking at Prudence. ' ' I told him he could.
You know Abe Jessup wants you. They are fine, steady
men. You can have your mother's farm for your portion if
you marry one o f them. "
' ' Seth and Abe, indeed ; I would like to see myself M rs.
Seth or Mrs. Abe. They scarce can read the daily paper, "
Prudence cried, tossing her head haughtily.
" Well, daughter, they may not be quite as learned as some
folk, but they' are a darned sight more steady. Reading
don't keep the crops growing or the cattle increasing. Half
the fellO\\'S in the State Prison can read all your books and
write other people's names, too. " Obadiah Fansha\Y sat
silent for a moment. He did not often speak, and \Yhen he
spoke the family listened. Slowly, fumbling with his chin
whiskers, he said : " My gal, I would like to see a strong,
honest man your mate. I should like to see you settled on
your own farm, with other children about you than those
children of your brain which you got at Vassar. They are
no good-they'il break your heart. Education has lifted you
up so high that you think your station in life pretty far clown
the social scale. You think us simple people and those city
fellows-who come here in the summer and flaunt themselves
about-sort of first cousins to the Deity. l3ut they ain't.
I 've got mortgages on them, house and horse. A peacock is
a fine bird, but he ain't nothing but style ; a turkey is common
place enough, but he is food. \,Vhere's yciur peacock \\·hen
your stomach is empty ? Your dogcart men-what are they ?
Seth \\·ould not manure his farm with one of them ; they are
the poorest kind of clay. "
" Vassar just taught you nonsense ; higher education i,;
nonsense. \,Voman belongs to the borne, to the hearth, to
the cradle. She ain't fit for nothing else. \Vhen a grown
man, punched and sore with his troubles, thinks of his
mother, he ain't caring about her learning ; he thinks how
she watched him when he was sick, spanked him when he
was bad, kissed him when he did well. That is the music of
childhood-it plays until death cuts the heartstrings. Vas
sar made you associate with gals \\·ho had notions of high
'i i ving, of carriages, of romantic rubbish, of earls, and dukes,
and such. You are a farmer's clauthter and you hate the
farm ! Daughter, you think yourself above your station
you ain't. Goel Almighty put you here ; stay where you be
long. Seth wants you. Seth is a good man, an honest man,
a kind man. If you had a household full o f young ones
your higher education would soon come_ down to A l3 C with
them ; you would think more of castor 011 than of astronori:y,
of goose grease than of chemistry ; more of a handful of cla1s1es
gathered by your own little ones than of all the wisdom of
botanists. Come out of the clouds, daughter ; get down, nght
down here on the farm, Cloudland is all well enough for
dreamers, but this world ain't a dream, it is painfully real,
wide-awake. Let Seth teach you the old, old story of true,
honest iO\·e." The old man's hard Yoice, so fearfully earnest,
sounded in the girl 's ear unusually harsh. After a p:iuse he
added, slowiy shaking his head as though thmkmg to himself,
' ' Seth would keep you from harm ; yes, Seth would keep you
from harm. "
.
Charity had put her arm around her sister's neck. She felt
Prudence was being scolded, and so the gentle creature kissed
her and wept ; but Prudence hid her face from her father.
There was an angry gleam in her eye, rebellion in her proud
heart. When the old man's speech stopped she said quietly,
steadying her voice, " I f you are through, father, I shall go
to bed. "
The old man looked at her. There ,ms an infinite depth
of kindness in h is eyes. ' ' Good-night, daughter, " he said
quietly. Charity . kissed her fath � r on . his foreh:ad. . Then '.
,vith her arm enc1rcl111g her sister s waist, the t\\ o girls took
their candles and left the hall.
, , Poor child ! she has such notions, " murmured the old
lady, folding her work and laying it back in the bask�t pre
paratory to retiring, Obadiah beat the oak table \\·1th his
fingers.
. .
Half an hour later Obadiah Fanshaw, \Yho had been s1tt111g
alone staring at the floor in a sulien sort of way, arose, took
OCTOBER 1 4 , 1 893.
his candle, and left the hall. After a few minutes he re
turned with a tray of bread and a pitcher of milk. He placed
the tray on the table, covering it with a fresh, snowy napkin.
He then, candle in hand, walked slowly up the well-worn stairs
and entered the room of his forefathers. When he came out
and shut the door he left a light burning behind him. From
the closet under the stairs he took a smaller lamp, lit the
wick, placed it beside the tray, crossed to the door, opened it,
looked out into the dark night, at the threatening sky, sighed
and closed it, leaving it unfastened, extinguished the great
lamp, placed a chair before the tray, took his candle in his
hand and left the hall by the door leading to the main stair
case.
All was quiet in the great oak hall. The door was left to
open by the latch, the supper waited on the table, the vacant
chair stood ready for an occupant, and the lamp wick burned ·
as it had burned many, many long nights the dreary years
through.
CHAPTER V I I I .
OBADIAH FANSIIA\\' RECEIVES A :-1 UNWELCO:IIE GUEST TO WHOM
J-;E FINALLY GI\'ES A SEAT AT H I S TABLE,
ALL the long night through the rain, in a mad, rollicking
way, as though it \\'ere invested with the wild, devil-a-ca1 e
spirit of youthful Spring, swept over wood and field, o\·er
cottage, shed, and barn. • When the pale light of morning
dro\'e back the shadows of night the rain-as a carouser,
weary of his bout and riot, finds himself in the gray da\Yn
worn and jaded, and turns shamefaced to sober ways-set
tled down to steady work in a sullen, gloomy humor. The
ill-favored temper of out-of-doors seemed to have established
a sympathetic connection with in-doors. This morning all
went .wrong in Farmer Fanshaw's cottage. The kitchen fire
would not dra,\·, the oven would not bake, and much of the
milk had been turned by the thunder. Obadiah snapped like
any turtle in the farm brook ; Charity, always amiable, was
vexed.by every trifle ; while Prudence thought the country un
utterably sad and dreary. She could not help thinking of the
rainy days at Vassar, the cozy parlors, the books, the half
dozen girl friends, and her intimate, with whom she exchanged
confidences.
About ten o'clock, while Ouadiah sat casting up his ac
counts preparatory to making entries in his well-worn !eather
bound books, there came a sharp rap at the hall door. It
was not a familiar sound i n this great, rambling cottage,
where visitors \\'ere not welcome. Few hands lifted the
heavy head of the chubby brass cherub or pounded the pol
ished plate so stoutly as did the visitor on this particular
morning. On former occasions it had been timidly, nervously
lifted and dropped, but now it fairly clamored awakening
echoes. It fell, as we are told in story the gallant's sword
hilt fell on the door of the besieged. The eyes of the afore
said cherub, unaccustomed to this rough usage, fairly started
in their brazen sockets, and doubtless its spellbound tongue
protested in its own way. Charity and Prudence slyly peeped
into the hall, while Obadiah squinted out of the window by
h:s desk to see if his visitor's wagon had approached unno
ticed when he was so busily engaged. He saw neither horse
nor wagon. Then he pushed h is spectacles high up on his
forehead, raised himself heavily from his cushioned seat, shuf
fled across the hall in his big, loose carpet slippers, and cau
tiously opened the upper half of the front door.
A young man stood there. The rain dripped from his hat
on to his broad shoulders, and trickled down his cheeks glow
ino- in the joyous health of robust youth. He wore a tight
fittng cover coat and trouser� of waterproof cloth and leggins
stoutly buttoned to the knees. In his gloved right hand he
carried a riding crop. Obadiah Fanshaw surveyed him slow
ly from head to foot.
"Are you Farmer Fanshaw ? " the young man asked, now
holding his riding whip with both hands.
Fanshaw slowly nodded his head affirmatively.
' ' Glad to find you in, " the visitor continued in quick, jerky
sentences, not in the least abashed by the silence. " Thought
I would find you in on account of the rain-rode over from
OCTOBER 1 4, 1 893,
T H E I L L U ST RA T E D A M E R I CA N .
Stockbridge this morning-wet day
for riding, say you-not a bit ; like
it, you know-left my horse i n the
barn-told your man to rub him
down-said I was coming to see you
-man never said a word-told hotel
man I was coming to see you-hotel
man thought I was crazy-can't un
derstand hotelman . at all-well, here
I am, hale and hearty, and want a
word with you-why don't you let
me in ? it is sort of moist out here. "
' ' What do you want ? " drawled
Obadiah Fanshaw, bringing the spec
tacles down to the level of his eyes
and carefully looking over the top of
them.
" I have a good deal to say, or,
more correctly speaking, I want you
to say a good deal ; but, really now,
we can't talk over this door. "
The girls peered out from their
concealment, their faces beaming
with merriment.
" You want me to say a good deal ;
that's what you want, is it ? " slowly
m u t t e r e d Fanshaw, adjusting his
spectacles firmly in place with fingers
trembling with irritability. " Well,
I 'll say it now. Get out with you ! "
The farmer's eyes shot angry looks
at him as he attempted to close the
door.
'' Hold on there ! " exclaimed the
young man, leaning on the lower
door and blocking the other with his
arm. ' ' I am not in the habit of hav
ing doors slammed in my face. "
" \'ou came near having a dose o.f
buckshot slammed into you instead , "
cried Obadiah, his voice crackling like
dry brushwood.
The young fellow laughed merrily.
" Come now, Mr. Fanshaw ; don't be angry at that-no of
fense, upon my honer-I love riding, love singing-it was
awfully dull at the inn, so I rode in the moonlight-heard the
voice of an angel "-(he sa,id this with a sly glance toward a
door off the hall, which he noticed constantly opened and
shut)- " I heard an old ballad-knew it and sang a verse
could not help it ; all the effect of music and moonlight-saw
disturbance-modesty caused me to spur my horse and fly
from an earthly paradise-can excuse you for wanting to blow
buckshot into me-my voice has that effect some times-no
offense-I apologize for my voice and intrusion-there is my
hand. "
" What's your name ?" asked Fanshaw, half won over by
the young man's frankness, his merry, jolly face, and his
clever, laughing eyes.
" Har\\"ood Prang, a poor devil of a scribe-mounted cor
respondent of the Ne-..v York Herald-want interview with
Farmer Fanshaw on farming in Eastern States-some fellows
say 1t doesn't pay-some say it pays you-mounted correspond
ent wants to know whether your acres are exceptionally fine,
or whether you use more brains. Your duty is to talk-- "
" ls it ? " dryly interrupts Obadiah Fanshaw ; and adds
with a sneer : " You are one of those fellows who stick their
noses into other people's business, are you ?"
" For your benefit. I see you have the newspapers on
your table. vVhere would you be \Yithout them ? For a few
pal_try cents _you have the history of to-day before you-who
writes 1t ?-J ust such fellO\\'S as I am-you gather the fruits
of the earth-:-we gather the news-come now, you are a
man o[ 111tell1gence-an old man standing near the last toll
gate on the road of life-I a m a young one trying to earn
enough to pay toll at the first gate-I want to talk to you
you keep me out here-I am losing time-it won't take much
11
' A re you Farmer Fanshaw ?' the young man asked."
of your time to give me the information I seek-the ignorant
lad in the barn was more civil. Come now, is it yes or no?"
Prang said this smiling, and in such a happy way that Charity
whispered to her sister, " He is just sweet, so he is ! "
Obadiah Fanshaw eyed Prang quizzically. After a moment
he turned the key and said in his drawling way, " \Veil ; come
. I
ll1 . "
' ' Did you ever ! " whispered Prudence, wondering at her
father.
· ' By jingo, Squire, this is a farmer's modest home \\·i_th a
vengeance-carved oak-ceiling, too-you have taste, Squire."
Prang marched about inspecting the hall as _ though he were
a long-expected guest and Fanshaw an old fnend. .
" Don't ' Squire ' me, I ain't a squire ; I ' m a plam farmer.
\Vhy don't you call me ' General ' or ' Commodore ' ? "
" Devil a bit-Admiral i [ anything," Prang rattled on, pull
ing off his gloves. " Where did you get this piece ? Saw a
table somewhat like this in Venice ? " exclaimed Prang, care
fully examining the carving, and added : " This is a good
piece. How different it is to the stuff we see nowadays !
The carving is deep ; every line is an expression of t (1e fancy
and sentiment of the man who held the tool. Machme work
sounds the death note to carving. "
" I made it, " Obadiah said. Harwood Prang had uncon
sciously touched the old man on his weakest spot, had pene
trated deeper into his nature than those who were closer to
him.
" Nonsense." Prang caught the pleased tone in Fanshaw's
voice. " You mean you made the money that bought it 1 "
He appeared skeptical.
'' I carved it in that very room. Like to see the shop ? Step
this way. " Obadiah conducted Prang into his workshop.
Never before had the girls seen a visitor enter this silent,
�4 70
T H E I LL U ST R A T E D A M E R I C A N .
sacred chamber. They could scarce believe they were not
dreaming. Finally they laughed heartily.
" Well, Charity, I really think yon elf-knight has luppen in
at the window," Prudence exclaimed.
In a few minutes the door to the workshop opened and
Obadiah called out : ' ' Charity ! Charity, fetch the flask, cold
water-fresh from the well-and pipes. "
When Charity entered Obadiah ,ms busily engaged in ex
plaining a design to the Herald 's young reporter. So intent
was he in his explanation of the \York in hand that he scarce
noticed his daughter enter with the tray, but it was not so
with Prang. He shot a sly glance over the old man's back
at the fair young girl. His gaze met her eyes fairly and she,
with a demureness wholly natural, cast hers do1rn. Placing
the tray on a joiner's bench, she went out of the room closing
the door after her, feeling somehow a sensation which was
akin to pain.
The two men , the old and the young, sat a long time in the
workshop, much to the surprise of the sisters. Prang told of
the carvings he had seen in the old world, in Holland, France
and Italy, telling how thought peculiar to its age was worked
into the patterns of the carvers of different centuries and
countries. He talked, as he could at times, well and freely.
Prang had seen much intelligently in the churches and pal
aces, and now he made good use of his observation and read
ing. Almost two hours had passed when Obadiah Fanshaw
opened the door and cried, ' ' Charity ! "
' ' Yes, father ; corning, " answered the sweet voice.
' ' Put a plate al the table, daughter ; we'll have a visitor toMAURICE M . M I NTON.
day ! "
[TO RE COi\'.TI N t; E D . ]
" The Defense of C h a m pigny."
ON the 1 9th of September, 1 870, a large body of French
troops, under General Ducrot, fell upon the Germans who
were attempting to invest Paris, but, clemoralizecl as they
ll'ere by repeated defeats, showed the white feather and fled,
after some sharp fighting, from an enemy inferior in numbers.
Four clays later Paris was completely invested. Then Gen
eral Trochu directed his energies towards strengthening the
defenses of the city, hoping that armies would be created in
the provinces strong enough to make good their way to the
capital. On October 28 Metz surrendered, which set 200, 000
victorious Germans free, and a corps of these was sent to
Paris, while the rest kept off any assistance that might be ren
dered to the besieged. But Paris made a mighty effort to
shatter the chains thrown round her. On the night of the
28th of November her forts burst out in a terrific cannonade,
which was intended as a signal to the friendly army of the
Loire, supposed not to be far off at this time, as well as to
annoy the enemy. Under co1·er of this fire masses of troops
poured forth on the slopes beyond the forts of Montrouge,
Bicetre, and Ivry, and endeavored to carry positions near the
investing circle on the road to Orleans. It had been intended
to combine this operation with a great effort to the east and
the southeast, but a sudden rising of the waters of the Marne
had made this impossible that day, and the French retired
after an indecisive encounter. On the morning of the 30th,
a large army, commanded by Generals Vinoy and Ducrot,
attempted to attack the German intrenchments on the south
and southeast. The attack of Ducrot was extremely formid
able. At the head of about 60, 000 men, supported by con
siderable reserves, he crossed the Marne on pontoon bridges
in front of Vincennes and threw the bulk of his troops on the
four villages of Champigny, Noisy-le-yrand, Brie, and Vil
liers, all about eight miles from Paris. They were outposts
of the eastern line of investment. The French advanced in
excellent order, and, after a brief but murderous struggle,
succeeded in carrying Villiers, Champigny, and Brie. 1 oisy
le-Grand was also seriously threatened, and for several hours
the French had a decided advantage along the whole battle
field, their force being too great to resist. At last the Ger
mans were reinforced and Villiers was - retaken after a fierce
encounter, but Brie and Champigny remained in the hands of
the French.
OCTOBER 1 4, 1 893.
It is difficult to say what the result might now have been if
Ducrot, sacrificing every consideration to the primary object
of breakrng out, had called in during the night his reserves,
and, advancing from Brie and Champigny, had endeavored to
storm, the next day, the German intrenchments. But he did
not. The whole French army remained inactive on Decem
ber 1, repainng losses and collecting supplies. Mean" bile.
orders had been given at Versailles, the German headquar
ter;;, to retake Brie and Champigny at any cost, and to drive
the French behind the Marne. On the m orning of the 2d,
the Germans assumed the offensive and captured Brie by sur
prise. They very nearly succeeded in seizing Champigny as
well, as Ducrot had failed to reinforce that important position.
The Germans now proceeded to attack their foes and carry
the bridges on the Marne. The French gradually retired, and
suddenly a most tremendous fire burst on the attacking col
u rns from the batteries and forts, which had received many
additional guns during the previous day.
I n vain, exulting in the pride of success, the Germans
pressed forward with shouts of defiance ; in vain officers
broke from their ranks and cheered them on against the reced
ing enemy ; whole fi les were literally swept away.
After a heroic effort retreat was sounded, and the German
front fell back mutilated by horrible losses. The French
pressed forward in dense masses, and, by the afternoon, the
tricolor was once more seen in Champtgny and Brie.
The cautious Governor of Paris, still expecting the Army of
the Loire, contented himself with maintaining his hold on the
valuable outposts he had regained. When the news of the
defeats of that army reached him he made preparations for
withdrawing his forces, and by December 4 both Brie and
Champigny were evacuated.
Our illustration on page 464 is from the picture by Edouard
Detaille, and represents the gallant ddense of Champigny
made by the French troops on the morning of December
2, 1 870.
I tems of I nterest.
MR. GLADSTONE has been recently translating Horace into
English verse, for which the English reviewer has our keenest
sympathy.
A BET was recently made between prominent politicians of
1 ew York city that the outcome of the present extra session
of Congress will be a free coinage bill.
A N EGRO who claimed to be one hundred and three years
old was recently married at Spottsylvania Court House, Vir
ginia, to a blushing lady of color aged sixty.
SENHOR M ENDONCA, the Brazilian Minister to Washing
ton, says that under no circumstances will a monarchy be
again tried in Brazil. When he adds that ' ' her institutions
will not suffer, " one feels inclined to ask whether any have
been left to suffer by that ridiculous apology for a republic
which prevails in Brazil.
IT appears, according to the latest census returns, that
there are only 3, 5 99 permanent American residents in Paris
to-day, while twd years ago there were over 5 , 800. This fall
ing off is probably dffe to the way the French Government is
trying to make France as unpleasant as possible for foreign
ers, and the fact that London has of late years become so
popular with Americans.
THREE years ago Philadelphia was all agog over the mar
riage of one of her belles, the rich M iss Wheeler, to Count
Maximilian von Pappenheim, the head of one of the media
tized families of Germany. In order that the Count might
marry outside of the royal pale, he had to resign the position
as head of the family. Now the gossips of the Quaker City
are much exercised over the rumor that the American Count
ess intends to bring a suit for divorce against her husband,
who has proved himself to be a little more of a mauvaz's sujet
than his wife can stand.
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
T H E I L L U ST RAT E D A M E R I CA N .
47 1
A Chro.n icle of I mportant Events culled from all Quarters of the Globe, touching upon
the N ews of the Week in Politics, the Arts, Sciences, and Society.
DR. EDWAR D vV ARREN BEY, one of the best known phy
sicians in the Americ an colony in Paris and whose death
occurred a short time ago, had lived a most eventfu l life. He
began his professi onal career in a village in one of the Caro
linas. He rose to the rank of Surgeon-General in the Confed
eracy, and was in the comma nd of Joseph E. Johnsto n, which
rs
surrendered to Genera l Sherma n. Whtie one of the professo
ca!le
•as
he
war,
the
after
_d
College
�
l
Medica
re
Ballimo
the
of
i n as an expert in the celebrated Wharton case, and tt was his
testimo ny that secured the acquitta l of the accused , who was
charged with poisoni ng Genera l Ketchu m. Subs�quently he
went into the Egyptian army, and there rose rapidly to the
rank of Surgeon -General . Ow
ing to threatened ophthalm ia,
he quit the Egyptian service
and went to Paris, where he
spent the remainder of his life
in a position of great eminence.
His personal experiences and
recollection s he has published
in a volume entitled "A Doc
tor's Experience in Three Con
tinents."
*
*
*
T H E good men of Britain
are becoming alarmed over the
influx of destitute foreigr.ers
which it is believed will folio\\·
'the closing of the World's Fair.
There appears to be no !all' in
England by which paupers can
*
*
*
be prevented from landing, nor
How are the mighty fallen !
can they be refused admission
The counting house of the
into the poorhouses. Already
New York Herald's old build
at Southampton, where �el"eral
ing has been turned into a
destitute G e r m a n s reLently
ready-made clothing store.
landed and have since been
¥
*
*
supported in the poorhouse at
THE last weekly statement
the cost of the local taxpayers,
of the Pension Office shows
the German Consul, J)n being
that the total number of claims
appealed to, declared that ·he
now pending is 700, 279, as fol
had n o funds to send paupers
lows : Act of J une 27, 1 890,
home, and the German Am
1 4 1 ,45 1 ; I ndian wars, 4,047 ;
bassador and Consul-General
INTERIOR OF THE PENSION OFFICE, WASHINGTON, 0. C.
old wars, 3,922 ; service since
in London made a si milar an
:\larch 1 , 1 86 1 , 205 ,006 ; addi
Y
tional to prior applications, 1 23, 864 ; increased and accrued swer. Englishmen are generally beginning to doubt the 1 is
sacred
the
"
of
formula
old
the
to
adherence
slavish
of
dom
IYidows', 7 ,05 7 ; increased claims, 2 1 4,229 ; army nurses', 703.
The total number of cases rejected during the week was right of asylum. "
*
*
4,3 1 7, and those allowed 1, 77 1 .
DR. WALTER VOUGHT, who died at the New York Hos
*
*
*
:\I. LOUIS M AR I E GASTON DOUVI LLE-MAI LLEFEU, who pital a short time ago of typhoid fever, had, considering he
is now traYelling in this country, is one of the most famous was only thirty-one at the time of h is death, a_ remar)rnble
fire-eaters in France. He has iought duels without number, position in the medical world. He was at one time chief of
served in both the army and navy in all the wars since the the nervous clinic at the Vanderbilt institution and author of
several medical 11·orks.
fifties, and \\'as sentenced to death during the Commune.
YSTER !CAL women have often been brought
to th, ir senses by a bucket of cold water,
but 1\"e do not often hear of saints being re
duced to sinners by a threatened post mor
tem. A young girl in Hungary has recently
been imposing upon her superstiti ous neigh
bors by giving out that she held daily con
versations with the Holy Virgin. Her motlier
encouraged the pious, who brought presents,
and when the priests interfered the excited crowd _t hreate_n ed
to ill-treat them. Some days ago the would-be sarnt lay 111 a
coffin. Her mother told everybody that the Virgin had told
her to die and she would re
suscitate her on the third day.
There was great excitement in
the place, and thousands pre
pared to wait the prescribed
three days in prayer and fast
ing. The local authorities came
with a doctor to put a stop to
the scandalous affair. In the
presence of the crowd the doc
tor said : " It is very serious
that she died so suddenly. vVe
must have a post mortem ex
amination. " Immediately the
young saint sat up in her cof
fin, crying, " Oh, don't cut me
up. I can be resuscitated im
mediately. "
�47 2
T H E I L LU STRAT E D A M E RI C A N .
M RS. WILLIAM H ENRY HURLBERT has written a letter
t o the Lond o n Law Journal in which she states that she
knew Wilfred Murray, and can prove that on several occasions
he was with Miss Evelyn when Mr. Hurlbert was in a totally
different lo c�lity. The Law Journal demands that the ques
tion thus raised agam be cleared o f uncertainty by a c ourt
of law.
*
*
*
TWENTY o f the race h orses o f the Austrian C ount Apponyi,
valued at 2 50, 000 !forms, have been seized for debt.
*
*
*
\VILLIE WI LDE, s o n o f Lady "Wilde and one-time husband
o f Mrs. Frank Leslie, has been dr opped fr om the Lot os Club
of New York for failing t o pay his dues. ·
*
*
*
' ' CARMEN SYL v A, " the poetical and so mewhat eccentric
Queen o f Roumania, is so delighted at the prospect of an heir
bemg born to the throne that she has de
Cl{O\\'N PRINCE
cided to let bygo nes be bygones, resume
her place at court, and has even gone so
far as to design a cradle for the expected
little Hohenzollern. The Queen, who has
never recovered the loss of her only child,
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
well _as England is indulging in naval misfortunes, for the iro n
monitor Roosalka, with nearly two hundred men ab oard has
sunk during a storm in the Gulf o f Finland.
*
*
*
PRESIDENT CARNOT has announced to the army that
' ' France can frankly proclaim her genuine love o f peace in
the firm belief that the future belongs t o th ose observing the
dictates o f prudence and right. ·• But so lo ng as the French
press 1s _allbwed to insult France's neighbors with impunity,
Eu rope is likely to take such statements as those with many
grams of salt.
*
�
*
R u,1or. has it that the Czar o f Russia intends to make his
youngest son, the Grand Duke Michael, his successor, thus
passmg o ver the rights of the Czarowitz and the Grand Duke
George. 1: he former has not much character and is opposed
to the way m which the Jews are treated in his father's empire.
The latter is a jolly sailor who does not
01" RUUMANIA.
cr1re a rap for power but does enjoy life.
On the other hand, Grand Duke M ichael
although he is only fifteen, has sho\\'n him�
self to have much force o f character and
to have that same contempt for the rights
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
T H E I LL U STRAT E D AM E RI C A N .
THE students of the College of- St. Francis Xavier, New
ZOLA told a very h o rrible tale i n " La Terre, " but appears
York, are busy rehearsing ' ' The Two Capti1·es " of the Ro
n ot to have exaggerated the repulsive side o f French peasant man comic poet, Plautus. and will produce it in the theatre
life, judging from a case that hr1s just been tried at the assizes
at the 'vVorlcl's Fair at Chicag o , o n October 1 9. " The Two
in the Department of the Tarn. An old man named Veyrios Captives " is a most proper play, and there are no femaie
have
should
he
that
stipulating
son,
his
to
had ceded his farm
characters in the cast ; but, as it will be played in Latin, it
fo od and lodging. He was immediately placed in the worst will be quite possible for the good people of Chicago t o
son. One clay
ro om of the house and starved by his brutal
imagine they are listening to a wildly exciting piece which
the younger Veyrios a ked his father to come to the stable and would even make a Palais Royal audience blush.
man
oped
o
st
old
the
As
tub.
empty
help him to move a large
*
*
*
down his son pushed him into the tub and turned it o ver.
A
BODY
o
f
students
of
Phillips
Exeter
Academy attended
Then he put heavy stones o n it and locked the stable door.
the theatre at Exeter, N. H . , a few evenings ago and insulted
un
his
finding
and
k,
o
lo
to
went
again
he
clays
three
After
the players so outtageously that
happy father still alive he stran
one of them, named Kingsley,
gled him. The son has been
left the stage and picking a
sentenced to death, his only de
ringleader of the young ruffians,
fense being that the o ld man
punched his nose, and pulled
was too expensive.
his ears until his face looked
*
*
*
like a worried squash. After
THE National Liberal Fed
the show the students, two hun
eration of London have unani
dred strong, collected in front
mously declared in favor o f the
of
the Opera House, but the
abolition of the House of Lords.
townspeople prevented a riot.
*
*
*
The next day the student wh o
JOHN G. WOOLL EY, a tem
had been punished by Kings
rep
great
of
list
evange
perance
ley apologized.
utatio n both in Americ a and En
*
*
*
gland, is charged with having
THE
attempt
of
E
m
peror
e m b e z z l e d some $ 1 5 , ooo or
vVilliam to effect a reconcilia
man's
o
W
the
to
g
belongin
more
tion with Prince Bismarck dur
1-iOUSE O F LORDS, l.ON::>ON ENGLAND.
Christia n Temper ance Union.
ing
the ex-Chancellor's recent
U nder pretens e of establishing
illness has created quite a sensation in Europe. Everyone,
a retreat fo r hopeless drunkard s, Woolley, wh o seems to have
incl1:1 ding even Empress Frederick, appears to appro:ve of i�,
been a very smooth rascal, gathered a lot of money and some
but
it is hardly l i kely that Prince Bismarck will suffer himself
Wool
name.
wife's
his
in
put
mptly
o
pr
he
land, all o f which
to
be
treated as a sick old man whose last days are to be
regarded
who
t,
evangelis
the
ley was a great pal o f Moody,
made as c o mfo rtable as possible. He still wishes t o be con
him as one of his ablest coadjutors.
*
sidered as a power in polit i cs and would n ot condescend to
*
*
THE Catho lics o f St. Paul, Mnin., recently prevented Evan bow the knee to his old political enemy . Empress Frederick,
gelist Leyden, who ciaimed to be an ex-Catholic priest of B o s who is not the sort of wo man to forget the insults he heaped
ton, fro m delivering his lecture o n Catholicism i n that city. upon her in former days.
*
*
:�
His lecture \Yas advertised as being " under the auspices of
THE famous theological inst1t1tutior:, at Cincinnati, 0. ,
the city of St. Paul," and the Romans of that community very
naturally rebelled against such an unwarranted use of munici known as the Lane Seminary, has had to close its doors i n
consequence of t h e boycott de
pal authority. Many perso ns
clared against it by the Presby
say L e y d e n is an impostor.
terian General Assembly.
Others think that h e is a paid
*
*
*
agent and lecturer of the Amer
THE
Marquis
o f Lansdowne,
ican P r o t e c t i v e Ass o ciation.
the retiring Governor-General
The American Protective Asso
of J ndia, states that the passage
ciation has a large and grow
of the Indian Silver Currency
ing membership in the N orth
act will so far from proving a
west. Hundreds o f c o nverts
failure be the turning p o int i n
are received daily, and it is said
the c ommercial a n d financial
that in some places arms are
history of the c o untry. The
being stored. The growth of
evils existing in India were tri
the association is observed \\· ith
fling compared with what they
the greatest bitterness by Cath
1rnulcl have been had she waited
o lics who at present control
for the repeal of the Sherman
nearly all federal, State, and mu
act.
nicipal patronage in Minnesota.
*
*
*
*
*
*
THE good people in the neigh
T H E leading fruit exporters
borh ood of Greensburg, I nd.,
o f Palermo, Italy, ha,-e pro
are sc ouring the w oods night
tested against the actio n taken
THE CAPITOL, S T . PAt;L, J\'JNN.
and day in the h ope o f discov
by Surgeon-General Wyman,
pre1·enting the exportation o f lemons to the United States be ering the monster that recently attacked Mrs. Joseph Gros
wick as she was driving home late o ne night. According to
cause of the prevalence of cholera at the Sicilian port.
*
*
*
her account she was suddenly startled by an unusual noise
FIVE Gladstone members of the House of Commons for from the w oods along the road. A moment later a creature
Derbyshire_ have _loaned £ 1 6, 000 to the Derbyshire miners to (\escended a tree, coon fashion, and, running after the buggy,
aid them 111 their strike. They are Sir D. \Valter Foster, attempted to climb up behind. There was a race for life for
James Alfred Jacoby, Tho mas Bayley, Thomas Dolling Bol a mile, \\·hen two men with dogs \Yere met, and the pursuing
t o n,_ and Harrington Evans Broad. Mr. Bayley is himself a monster took to the woods. The animal \Yas about seYen
colliery O\\'ner, and among the political measunts of which he feet long. Its head ended i n . a beak like an eagle's. Its
app rn1-es is o ne for the establishment of an eight-hour day body was round, [;ke that of an alligator, and was c overed with
scales. It had wings.
for mmers.
1
H CARl\lEN S\'LYA."
(a daughter, ) was s o chagrined when her
of others that marks a true Romanoff
hu_sband's nephew and heir, the Crown
He is the apple, too, of his father's eye.
Pnnce, marned pretty Princess Marie of
*
*
*
Edinburgh instead o f Her Majesty's hand
THE charges made against Weather-fore
maid, Mademoiselle Vacaresco, that she
caster Dunn by the Chief o f the Weather
retired to her father's Castle of Neuwied
Bureau, Professor Harrington, relate to the
�:m the _R hine, where she has been engage<l
work Dunn is said to have performed for
m wntmg poor poetry and worse plays.
pnvate houses, and also t o the financial in
N o w that the Crown Princess is about t o
cRowN r1<1NcEss op Ron1AN1A.
terest he is said to have had in a firm orbec ome a mother, Queen E lizabeth recalls
. ganized for the manufacture and sale of
�hat _ she_ o nce wro te, " The chief duty o f a Queen is to give meteorological mstruments.
ohd1ty
to
*
the
royal
*
successi
o
n
.
If
she
*
does
not her mission
�
m her high sphere is a failure"-and will accordingly take her
Two postage stamps have just been sold in London for
place at the royal cradle.
about $3, 500. They_ were the one-penny red and the two
*
*
penny_ blue of Mauntrns of the 1 847 issue.
*
*
A FTER the Wodd's Fair is over the great trouble will be
*
to get nd of the bu1ldmgs. They must be removed within a
R EV. T. D E _\V ITT TALMAGE offers a reward of $ 1 00 to
year o f the clo se of the Expositio n. It has been propo sed to each and every_ mfidel who can pro ve by o ne witness that he
sell ,.h ose buiidmgs at auct10n, and the scheme will probably has read the Bible through twice.
*
*
*
be adopted, as otherwise the di rectors would find themselves
compelled to pay a large sum to have the buildings removed.
THE
French
Government
has
offered
Russia a port in Asia
.
*
*
*
either at Saigon . or Obok, but Russia, it is said, will accept
H . M. S. ' ' CAMPERD0WN " appears t o have been built neither, as she wishes to p ossess a station of her own.
*
under an unlucky star. Having sunk the Victoria she has
*
*
now run aground at the entrance of the harbor of Valetta
I·� is said t �at it is the mtention o f the Earl of Kimberley,
i\1 alta. Her s_iste r ship, the Howe, stranded at Ferro! som� Sec1etary of State for India. to raise a loan o f $2 5 , 000, 000
time ago, and It cost a large sum tu get her afloat. Russia as for the assistance o f the I ndian Government.
MADEMOISELLE VACARESCO.
4 I,., .:)
,,
�474
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
T H E I L L U ST R AT E D A M E RI C A N.
" GENTLEMAN GEORGE " ELWOOD, the most desperate
c rimina l _ in R hode I sla nd, who last Febru ary entered upon a
twen ty-five year sentence at the Rhod e Island State l 'ri son,
11· as s h ot a n d kill ed while
atte mpting t o e sca pe from
the j ail. He attacked the
de p u ty w a r d e n with a
hea vy h ammer a n d the
office r h a d t o put four
b ull ets into Elwood be fore
he fell in his tracks .
*
*
*
THE health au thor ities
of Li sbo n have bee n good
e n ou gh t o ra i se t he qu ar
a ntin e aga in st N e w Yo rk
and J ersey City in a d ec ree
de cl ari ng t hat b o t h o f
t hose States a re free o f
ch o lera.
BELEM TOWER, LISBON.
*
*
*
A BILL h as been introd uced in Congress designed t o p u nis h
tram robbe rs . It holds guilty o f murd er anyon e wh o d i s
places or removes a ra_i lway switc h, cross-ti e or rail, or inju res
a ra ilr oa d track o r bndge or doe s o r ca u ses to b e d o n e a n y
act wh ere by a _ locom o tl\'. e , _car, o r trai n of cars is st o pp e d,
obst ructed or_ JnJUred with rntent to rob or inju re perso n s or
p roperty p assmg ove r a ny rail road , a nd w hereby any p erson
IS ki l led .
I f � he �tte mpt does n o t result i n m u rder t he g u ilty
p erson shal l oe 1mpn son ed a t ha rd labor for from o n e t o
twe nty y ears . Circu it a nd di strict co u rts o f t he U n ited S tates
are to_ have jurisdic t i on in al l cases a ris i ng u n d er t he act.
Th e bill h as bee n re ferred to t he Committee o n I nter-State
Com merce . The bill led to a lively d iscussio n of t he old
State Righ ts probl e m. Sen ator Vest d eno u nced t he b ill as an
atte mpt of great co rporation s to get t he United States to pro
tec t their p roperty. Se�ators H awley and Dolp h t ook the s am e
�1ew of the m atter, saymg that t he who le n at ion w as a failure
1f S tates cou ld not be rel ied upon t o m a intai n order within
their bord ers . ' ' No S tate, " said Senator H awley' '' has a
righ t to be po werless . "
*
*
*
T H E h ei rs of Joh n D. Fox, who d ied recently in Buenos
Ayres , South America, leaving a fort une of $2,000,000, have
been found . T hey are J ames J. F o x, a p oor farmer in P en n
sylva ni a ; his s i ster, M rs. K essl er, of Bi ngh a m to n, N. Y. , and
two brothers. whose whereabouts are n ot ex actly k n own . F ox
was an E n glis hma n w ho settled in Wi sconsi n , where he m ad e
so me m oney in t he pin eri es, bu t m os t of h i s vast es tate was
acc u m u lated in Sou th America.
*
*
*
M
AYOR
CARTER
H
ARRISON,
of
Chic
ago, ackn o wl e dges
_
h i s ei1gagem e nt t o Mi ss Anni e H o ward , of New O r l eans, b ut
H arri son
de clin es to say wh e n t he m arri ag e will take plac e .
d oes n't lo ok hi s age .
*
*
*
EMILE ZOLA has su rpri sed the Lond o n journalists by tell
.
mg
them that h e disapp roves of s igned articles in the p apers .
H e says that the imm ense s uperi ority o f th e London press in
resp ect of we ight and influence i s la rgely t raceable to the
anonymou s system which the Pa ri s p ress rejects.
*
*
*
AN anarchi st m ade an attemp t i n B arc elon a , Sp ain, to kill
M ar_�mez de C ampo s , the Capta in-Gene ral, with b o m bs d u ri n g
a m111ta r y r evie w. De C a mpos was wo u n de d, bu t not dan o-er
o us ly so, and c ontinued t he re view. Som e m em bers or"h i s
s ta ff w ere seri ou sly i njured an d five so l d i e rs w ere kill ed .
T he
anarchist, a ma n n a m ed Pall as, w as caugh t. D e C ampo s's
daughte r, M erced es , m a de a great s ensation i n P ari s · so m e
years ago by e lopi ng u nde r stra nge circum stan ces. S he w as
walking one d ay wit h h er m aid i n t he Bois de Bou logn e when
a n um ber o f_ m ask ed m en _ darted from behi n d a cl u mp of trees,
_
thru st Senorita M e rced es mto a carri age, and drove off at a
g�l lop . The m a id was stro ngly s usp ected of bei ng a n acc om
plice . A fe w day s a fterward it c am e out t h a t i t w as an e lope
ment, and that M erced es h ad gone t o England with the Vis-
cou nt Delatour Garbceu f. H er fortune at t h is time w as esti
m a ted at $7, 500, ooo. Sh e w rote t o th e n e wsp apers to say
.
that her object m running off with the Viscount was t o secure
her re le ase from h e r opp re ssors and to regai n h e r l i berty.
Gen eral D e Campo s traced h i s eloping d augh te r and V iscount
Ga rbceuf to Dover. A d etective a nd t he Span ish C on sul w ere
ar m ed with a w arran t for a rres t a n d for h er r e c o very from her
abducto rs, b u t as sh e de cl are d sh e w as not a p r isoner ag ai ns t
h er will the Engli sh police d eclined to interfere. Shortly a fter
the m arriage banns were pub lished_, bu t t h e c eremon y was
p ostpon ed . Subsequently she married the Cou nt of San
Antonio, the on ly so n of M arshal Serran o .' She obtai ned a
d ivorc e from h im an d resum ed her m a i de n nam e.
*
*
*
A RECENT intern ational m arr iage o f n ote ma de M iss H el en
M urphy, o f San F rancis co, the wife o f Don Vic ente I . Do
mingu ez, s on of th e A rge ntine M inister to Great B ri tain.
T he cere m ony w as p erform ed i n the Cath o lic Chapel o f St.
Peter and St. E d ward in ·w estminste r. T he bride was given
away b y Si r C harl es . Rus se ll, t h e Att orne y-Ge n e ral.
Sh e is
the dau ghter of t h e l ate Dan i el T. M urph y, a millio nai re dry
goods m erc hant of S an F rancis c o . She has bee n a be lle on
both s ides of t he Atla ntic.
On her m other' s si de s he i s re
lated to the E arl o f Antrim a nd i s also a d istant cou sin o f
the son-in -la w of th e l ate Lord O' Haga n . Her sister i s t he
wife of Si r Ch arles ·wolseley. The C a lifornia m ercha nt
prin c e h ad been m ade a Marquis by t he Pope, and h i s wife
was v ery proud of h er t itle whereby plebeian Murphy was
graced with M archesa.
*
*
*
. THE Pennsylvania R ailroad Compan y denies the report th at
its employees have been provided with fi rearms to p rotect t he
company's property against train robbers .
*
*
*
AN Am erican eng:ir� eer _ n am ed H enri Rosenberg, livi ng i n
� ome, c om � Itted su 1c1de m h i s a partmen ts recently by i nhal
mg 1ll ummat1ng gas. H e had been i n fi nancial difficulties re
c ently and h ad frequ ently t hreate ned to commi t suicide. Two
of the most b eautiful and n oto riou s wom e n in Rom e , Blan che
F o urgurgn on and M ariel ta Tufi, w ere th e American ' s com
panion s in d eath. B oth l eft letters ind icating that they had
determined to die with h im.
*
* .
*
ARCHBI_S HOP SATOLLI, wh o h as just fi n ished a trip through
th e We � t, 1s p re p armg a re port for Rom e that is lik ely to b e
I t will d ea l not only
o f vas t impo r t to t he A mer ican C h urch.
with the results of the
C a tholic C o ngress at
Chicago , b u t w i t h /
t h e ge n eral impres
sio n s rec eived by h i m
d u ring h is trip, from
personal observations
o f t h e c ount ry a n d
personal contact with
m a n y repre se ntative
m e n b o t h in t h e
C hurch and o u t o f it.
He participated while
aw ay in m a n y im
p ressive c h u rch fu n c
tions , a nd he b ad op
p ortunity t o a pp rai se
at first h and th e pres
ent fiz e a n d futu re
possi bilities o f t h e
C atholic Chu rc h i n the
great Mi ddl e S tates
and t he N orth west .
*
*
*
Too m any t o prin t ;
th at is why w e n ever
ARCHarsHoP SATOLLr.
u s e testim onials i n
ou r adverti s ing.
W e are c o n stantly rece iving t hem from all
parts o f the wo rld . The Gail B o rden Eagle Bran d Con
d en sed M ilk is the bes t infan t's food . Grocers and Druggists.
OCTO BER
1 4, 1 893 .
T H E I L L U ST RAT E D A M E R I CAN .
Lam pli ghte r Defe ated b y Tam man y.
P E RSON ALS.
475
that La mp-·
WHO wo uld have believed th ree m onths ago
About the Men and Women who make the history
r f p ublic, wo ul d ev� r race o n the
tu
the
of
ol
id
e
th
r,
e
t
ligh
h nft s fam ou s son
ndt
e
Sp
r
o f our own times.
o
F
?
ck
ra
t
)
.
J
(N.
,
G uttenbu rg
en e L onll ard s st able , wh at
represe nted, until he _l e ft Mr. Pi : world . Yet, one of the
of a
.
E M I LE ZOLA i s s ucceed ino- i n a n ew line , t hat
was best in the Amen ca n h orse rac � ng
en
rs i on o f
ve
a
ucing
d
ave seen 111 t hi s co u ntry 1 s eas ily beat
h
pro
e
w
�
e
ses
Aft
.
r
o
era
h
op
test
for
libretti st
grea
_
stink m the n os tr ils o f all tru e lovers
•
• , Le Reve " set t o m u sic, Manager C arvalho or
011 a t rack t h at use d to
s , who won
oquoi
r
I
of
on
s
t
es
b
the
y,
an
m
m
Attaque du Mou lin, " M. Zol a
o f h ors efl e sh, b y T a
der ed anothe r op era ca l l ed " L'
sh D erby.
t he book, an d M. Bruneau, a
on
t
e
ll
a
G
M.
with
e
at
r
tha t blLie ri bbon of the turf, th e Engli
o
to collab
s.
11ueur
s
autre
s,
us ic.
temp
m
s
e
th
h
is
autre
rn
fu
t
to
Bu
young c o mposer,
r tan t m atc h
Guttenburg becam e the sc ene of the most impoworthy suc
any proved h im self a
o f t he ye ar, i n which Tamm
took
got its foothold mto
ARON OSCA R H A M MERS T E I N recen tly under
cessor of Salvator, and the outc ast t rack
e ight ho ur s a n operetta
rtyo
f
in
.
sing
o
ciety
mp
o
o
c
s
of
e
sk
a
bl
t
e
a
ct
th
e
resp
.
u gh the gate s
As
worthy of productio n in any N ew Y o rk theatre .
Jt was a cu riou s p rocession that p assed thro
re o f all _sorts
pic
a
s
a
w
It
tch.
a
m
w
de rt ak111g was for _ o n ly o n_e
e
th
e
se
he w ager wh ich pro mpted th e un
o f Gutte n b urg to
t
itied 1f h i s
n d all sorts and cond1t 10 ns o f veh icles .
a nd c o n d itio ns o f men a
hund red dollars , the B aron i s not to be greatly p
see 'pass ing_ alo ng
s e ffo rts.
hi
of
rit
e
m
e·
h
t
inst
a
ag
de
deci
It was very l ike the p ro cession one u sed to
ury
j
s g o n e _ b y, with the
the Epsom road o n D erby D ay in d ay
ands a nd
ur-m-h
o
f
t
1
m
e
r
e
w
ere
Th
ut.
o
ft
costermonger le
e
e xpress wag� ns
CHAU VIN, one o f the newly ele_cted m em bers o f th
_
m en i n imma cu late racing attire ; w orn out
ich
as seed � as th e c ar n ages m w h
Fre nch Cham ber of Dep uties, 1s of very de mocratic
an d ge n t l e m e n in d re ss
a
K. La wren �e ,
•
origin. H e began life a s a mi n_er , t hen bec a m e
the y rode ; there w ere F oxh all },..eene, J. G.
e h as p ro
H
b , and W. 0 B.
es si o n.
f
Clu
o
pr
y
e
t
ha
t
Jock
s
w
nd
o
a
l
s
foll
I
y
till
s
one
C
nd
a
he
t
hairdresser
president of
j wl w '. th C ol.
astes , a n d is �e cid ed l 1 fin de
nou nc ed literary and arti stic t
McDo no u gh , t he o wner of O rm ond e, cheek by ?
de
g
au
Sh
O
ike
M
Hon.
e
th
H is e lection o ugh t to increase the p rofits o f h i s tra
siecle.
" Tom " Ochiltree , of Texas , and
es an d th �re
aint ance .
by e n larging the circle o f h is acqu
n essy, the dude o f the Bowery ; there w ere ladi
fo 1 s
were " lyd i es " ; there w as the m an who love d a ?orse � _ �
oss1b1h
p
ttmg
e
b
s
it
or
f
it
d
ve
o
l
who
an
m
own sake. and the
fav or
raci n g st ab l es and t here
ICTO R HERB ERT, the ' cellist who wo n p ublic be
t i es ; there we re ow ne rs of g reat
s orches t ra , is to
ted-the
as a m e m be r of Mr. A n ton S e idl'
were • , to u ts . " I n short, e very class w as represen
Mr.
bad t hat
c o m e t he lead er o f Gilmo re ' s ban d. Like the late
good that bel ongs to t he t urf proper as w ell as the
al des c e nd an t of Sa�rnel
line
a
n,
a
hm
s
Iri
an
s
i
e
.
h
er
,
p
e
o
r
mpr
Gilmo
.
forms the turf i
, w as Lo ver, t he Iris h n ovelist. M r . H erbert i s n ot o nly a m_u s1cian
The rac e w h ich was over a mile and a quarter c ourse
His com
at
tting
be
e
h
T
e r of m uc h m erit.
y.
e
an d c ond ucto r b ut al so a compo s
for $2, 500 � side , with $ 5 , 000 added mon _
ra.
1 0.
positions are frequently played by the Seidl orchest
t h e start w a s Ta mmany 7 t o 10 a n d La mphght er 1 I t o
two
There were no record s b y which th e rel ative merits of the
the
could be gauged. Lamp l ighter w as n ot n omin ated in a ny of
was
LDER ROBE RTS, the Morm on representative who go ,
ric; h three-year-olrl stak es , while T a mma ny was m all o f them.
n C h ica
i
s
n
o
ligi
e
R
f
o
s
s
e
i
nd
ha
Congr
e
th
d
e
at
fix
e
ak
invited to sp e
As a result Lampligh ter h ad to b '-- e ntered i n th
b ee n
is c omplai n i ng of t he treatme nt to which he h as
c aps, and so last season , wh ile T ammany was d e feati ng all the
ted as a M o rmo n , y et o n t h at
urn wa_s
t
inu
as
n
w
i
r
e
He
ight
l
mp
re.
a
L
he
t
t,
e
m
ed
ct
e
h
e
j
at
h
t
sub
s
e
rs
o
ar-old
h
three-ye
es s the gen era l co n
d efeating the champions o f the all-aged division in the handt very groun d he w as not allowed to addr
hall be fore a se l ec t
ler
l
a
d
sm
e
g
a
a
lln
i
a
k
ea
ese
p
s
th
d
to
e
at
e
f
on
gress . Permissi
c:ips . Whethe r Tamm any cou ld have d e
ac10 us ly d eclm ed.
champio ns w as a m o oted questio n , as he never m et t hem, and audience was grac iously offered him, and gr
whether Lamplighter could h ave d efeated the th oroughbreds
th at were outd one by T a mmany w as also, of cou rse , a m atter
wisdom
MPER OR W I L L I A M h as j ust demonstrated the e was
i n d ispute , as he n ever m et th�m.
H
e s. "
inc
r
p
in
h
fait
y
h
t
not
put
'
'
e
of th e advic
Lamplighter was s o po pular with the c rowd th at when he
nch mfluence m Ger
det e rmined t o cru sh out all F re
appe:i.red with Tara ! up h e was greeted with m u ch mo re en
the me n�
m any, eve n t o th e style of the Empress ' s gow ns and
thu3iasm than was Tamm:i.n y, w hose own er, Marcus D a ly,
as fo r the 1mp e n al d 1ges t1on ,
l
a
But
le.
b
a
t
r
e
n
n
di
wn
o
s
i
h
had com e all t he way from Ca lifor n i a t o see hi s h orse wm the of
the Germ an
m a tc h. But the kn owing o nes b ad put the ir m o n ey on t he the German cook was found too h eavy for eve n
the imper ia l
s
e
rul
w
no
u
ble
on
d
r
o
c
son o f I roquo is, an d on dit th a t the o wner o f La mplighter M aj esty, a n d a French
had put all he could, including the rec e ipts at the gate, on kitcp en .
Spe ndth rifr's son. Lamplighter sh o wed te mper before T a ra !
cou ld get him into position , b ut the two horses p assed the start
for h ers elf
IBYL SAND ERSO N, who has m ade a nam e
er o n perfectly even t erm s . Garri son, wh o was o n Ta mmany,
a C o miqu e , is to ap
Oper
ris
a
P
e
th
of
a
nn
o
d
a
prim
as
at one.: took his horse in han d and soon l e ft Lampligh ter h alf
She
pear in America n Jan u ary o f the comm g y ear.
From th e v ery begin ning t h e pac e was very
a l ength behin d .
a n e w o per a by Massenet,
ho t, a n d at the q uarter (cove red i n 2 4 ,½ ) L amplighter led will mak e h er d eb u t i n " Th a'is , "
na m e b y A nat ole Fran ce .
T amm any by a good length. G arrison then l oos en ed h is grip c o mposed from the book o f th e sam e
o mm on , full of p ass i on an d
c
e
th
of
t
u
o
dly
e
cid
e
d
is
l
e
ov
n
a l ittle, an d Tamm any glide d alo ng with his h ead close t o Th e
sse n et ts a g uaran
Lamplighter's girth s. The two horses raced in this pos i t ion religio u s en thu si asm, and the n am e o f Ma
ength.
r
t
s
tts
n
e
ss
e
J
t
with free and easy stri des u ntil they s wung. in to the Jo ng tee that the music will no
hom estretch a nd sw ooped d own and into the l ast fu rlong,
where Garrison l et u p again on Tamma ny an d hi s c olt forged
list,
RET H ARTE the one-time favor ite A merican n ove
ahead \\'ith ease , whil e Tara\ plie d whip and s pur a n d L amp
ork i s im _possible
w
y
r
ra
te
li
when
point
a
'
ed
ach
e
r
has
l ighte r struggl ed \\'ith his we ll-k nown pluck t o wre st victory
to him exce pt in absolute solitud e. W hen wntm� . he
fro m hi s r i\·al. B u t the punish ment w as i n vain . G arrison ,
n gs wh ere no v1s1 to r
m aking a bluff a t t he fi n ish in the shap e of h ard riding, se nt leaves his o ,vn hom e for su bu rban lodgi ws a severe rou
d where he follo
an
him
e
l
b
trou
to
wed
o
all
s
i
Tammany in, still u nder a pull, by three le ngths , in the fa st
U n fortunat ely,
time o f 2 : 06 ,½ , which i s withi n a second a nd a h alf o f t he t in e of early rising, sc ant d iet, and steady work.
atte r- day n ove l s .
rec?rd m ade by Salvator at the same age and th e same w eight o n e c an see t h is laborious regim en m his l
e s.
W e would prescribe a ret u rn to Am erica and to the R ocki
at Sh ee ps head Bay.
(See page 45 5 . )
M
B
M
V
E
E
S
B
�T H E I L L U ST RATE D A M E R I CA N .
4 76
THE ILLUSTRATED AMERICAN.
LORILLARD SPENCER ,
Copyright, 1893 1 b y THE ILLUSTRATED Ail.IERICAN" PUBLISHING COMPANY.
President.
�!AURTCF. M . �I!NTON.
General i11anag-er.
TERMS 01-' SuuSCRIPTION TO THE I LLUSTRATE!) AMERICAN, including post•
age, in the United States, Canada. and i\Iexico 1 $5.00 per year ; $2.50 for 6
months. For all countries in the Postal Union. England 1 France, Germany,
Italy, Russia, Spain, Belgium, Holland, etc., the same rate with postage,
$1 .56, additional.
Single copies1 10 cents.
Payments, which must be in advance, can be made by cheque, postal notes,
money order, or registered letter, payable to
MAURICE M. 1IINTON,
Nos. s and 7 East Sixteenth Street, New York.
fHE lNTERNATtONAL NEWS Co., Breams Building, Chancery Lane, Lon
don, \V. C., agents for T1rn 1 1.1.uSTRATED Ar.lERICAN for the United Kingdom.
BRENTANo's, 1 7 Avenue de !'Opera, Paris, depot for THE ILLUSTRATED
AI\IERICAN in FRANCE,
J\ovE1n1s1NG.-The advertisements of leading firms solicited ; for terms
send to offices. i\1edical and !ow-class advertisements declined.
PENNSYLVAN I A ' S PROSTITUTED " PEER. "-M any
d isgrace fu l speeches h ave bee n mad e i n our precious " House
o f Pe ers " d u ri ng th e r e p eal deb ate , but no n e h as quit e
reac h ed s u c h a pe rfection of prostitutio n as that d e live red by
Se na tor ' ' Do n " C am e ron o f Pennsylvania. First of all, h e
misre presented h is State by sayi ng it had not s uffered from
the Sh erm an act. Pe nnsyl vania i s ove rwhe lmingly in favor o f
the sto ppage of s ilver p u rchase . H er ' ' silent Senator " i s a
l a rge o wn e r of s ilv e r m i n ing st oc k.
Th en , possibly as a sop
t o his ' ' M olly M agu ire " co ns tit ue n ts, h e argued th at, it be i ng
the tradition al polic y o f this c ou ntry to oppose E nglis h interests ,
w e s h o uld su pport the s ilve r po licy bec ause E ngland main
tains the gold . I n sh ort, though it may s pell ru i n for this
co u n try, w e s h ou l d becom e disho ne st b ec a use England h ap
pe n s to find it co nve nien t to be h onest. ' ' We h ave fram ed , "
h e said, " our e n ti re admi n istrative syste m, d own to mi nu te
d e ta il s , i n th e sam e spirit [ d i rect negation o f B ritish pri n ciples
an d practices] . "
I s S en ator C a m e ro n so igno rant o f the
histo ry o f his o wn c ou ntry as n o t to k now th at the h o use to
which h e add ressed all thi s balderdash w as fou n d ed i n imita
tio n of the Eng l ish H o u se o f Lo rd s ? If h e i s , th e p eople o f
the U nited States are n ot ignora nt of th e fact that " Don "
Cam e ron i s a s tan di ng Ame ri can e xample o f the pe rn icious
he redi tary prin ciple th at p revails i n the E nglish H ou se o f
Peers . " D on " C am eron s its in the Sen a te , s imply because
h e i s the son of hi s fathe r.
T R A I N ROBBERS. -Th e I lli noi s C en tral road h as been
distinguished lately n ot o nly by the Mante n o disaster, bu t by
an attempted robbery o n its line. The mid n ight attack o n the
N e w Orlean s limited , h o we ver, has tended to restore , i n so m e
s light d egree, th e c on fi d enc e which h as b ee n b ro ke n by t h e
c onstan t, o rgan ized attack s o n tra i ns . These attacks l ook as
t h ough th e y were n ot on ly organ ize d fro m ou tsid e , b ut co n
duct ed with coll us ion from wi thin. N o s uch allega tion can
be m ade against t h ose i n ch arge o f th e N e w O rl ean s train .
The engi neer, the fire man , the baggagemaster, th e brak e m a n,
and a ll conce rn ed i n th e co n du ct of th e train, defe nd e d, not
o nly them se lve s , but th e lives an d pr o pe rty i n tru sted to th e ir
care ,
OCTOBER 1 4, 1 893.
with bravery whic h s hou ld be c o mm on enough, but
whic h, un fo rt u n a te ly, i s cons picuou s by its rarity. It i s als o
gratifyi ng to n o te that the wou ld-be robb e rs we re c ap tured,
one of th e m be ing sev ere ly w oun d ed .
The m en wh o re p ulsed
th ese a rm ed robbers s h ou ld b e s ignall ed o u t fo r imm e di ate
re ward a n d fut u re prom ot ion, not because they h a ve pe rform e d
the ir d uty, but be cause th ey affo rd a fi ne ex amp le of th at duty
t o th e o ffic ials of th e o th e r t rain s wh o h ave m ad e but a Jam e
defense again s t the ma sk ed trai n robb er and woul d -be mur
dere r wh o pat ro l s t h e co u ntry at pre sen t.
O n the oth e r h a nd,
the u tmos t p u nis hme nt which the law al l o ws s hou ld be meted
o u t to the p risoners one a nd all. The re s h ou ld be no harsh
ne s s i n th e ir se nten ce , n o lyn c hi ng, n o u nn eces s ar y viol e n ce .
Th ey s h o uld h av e a fair tria l an d th ey sh ou ld rece ive the
se v erest se nte nc e co mp atibl e with law a nd j u sti ce .
Th ese
tra i n robb e ries s hould be checked , n ot by violence , bu t by
co ld, d e te rmine d , u n re l en ting ju stice .
They are a ,m enace to
the c ountry and a m ockery o f th e law.
THE SUNDAY QUESTION.-O n e gratifying fa ct h as
fro m the open ing of th e ·wo rld's Fa i r on S u nd ay.
Alth ough the m achine ry has n o t been in m otio n , an d alth ough
the s ide sho ws have bee n c on spicuo us by the ir s ilence , the art
galleries have been we ll atte n ded . Th e rural p op ulatio n a n d
th e great c ro wd of s ightseers h ave devoted the week, fro m
Monday morning u ntil Saturday n ight, in seei ng the big s how,
an d Sun day has been l e ft to a quiete r a nd mor e atte ntive se t of
peop le who h a ve tak e n adva ntage o f the occasio n to view th e
li n e b u ildings at ease an d t o s tu dy th e still line r pic t u res at
leis ure . Th e absence o f the great c ro wds of th e wee k d ays
h as bee n a ble ss ing for them. Tha t th e pictu re s sh o uld
attract so mu c h earnes t att e nti o n i s a g o od s ign a n d one that
promoters of oth e r exhibitio ns would do well to n o te . By far
the m ost re m arkabl e feature o f the J ackso n Park Exhibition ,
after th e beauty o f th e buildi ngs has bee n grasped , i s that
c onta ine d in the P alace o f A rt. The pic tures , p artic u larly
the loan and fo re ign co llec tio n s, a re th e o utco m e of th e best
art1st1c s pmt. Th e Ame rican pic tures n atura lly c reate much
interest, bu t th e p u blic i s more c losely d rawn by th e fore ign
paintings. These . th e Britis h, D utch and G erman in p a rtic u l ar,
are of surp ass ing e xc e ll en ce.
Th e Fre n c h pic tu res a re d isap
po i n ting, b ut those o f th e oth e r n atio ns m en tio ned con tain
m any ge m s o f art an d many o rigi nal s, the du plicates or en
gravings o f which are w e ll kn ow n h ere . H e nc e th e inte rest
t a ken i n th ese pa in ti ngs i s deep. Not o n ly are the y n o te d
works of art, but th e y are i n the p u blic mi nd . Th e y are
eas ily recog n ized , fro m famili arity with th e rep rod u cti ons ,
and, c onseq ue ntly, the des ire to s tudy th e m i s great. If so me
such art exhibiti o n, wi th th ese sam e e l e m e nt s o f p opul arity,
cou l d be organize d an d ke pt pe rm a n ently open i n ou r large
cities , the be ne fit wou ld be _i nca lcuiable . For a good pic ture
impresses far m o re d eeply th an th e ave rage serm o n. Lo nd o n
and Chi cago have n o w pr o ve d t ha t t h e Sunday exhibiti on
of pict u res i s a ste p in the r ight d i rec ti on .
It i s a m ove me nt
which i s apprec i ated by the people and one tha t c ann o t be tuu
war mly advo cated.
re sulted
AMERICANS ABROAD.-A cc ording t o the l a st cens u s
of fore igne rs i n Paris , which h a s jus t bee n co mple ted , it ap
pears th at the p ermane nt Ame rican resid en ts in th e Frenc h
capital a mo unt t o l ess th a n f o u r t ho us an d .
This n u mb e r
re prese nts a falli ng off o f twe lve hun d red within two yea rs .
.
O CTO B ER 14, 1 893
477
MERICA
T H E I L L U ST RA T E D A
der
pen alty th at can b e i n flicte.�
dem nauon , and th e e xtre m e
;71 ere
.
rtling de cre ase ,
es
ta
s
tch
s
e
thi
wr
.
for
ung
o
ed
y
n
"'
u rse , 1· s ass i"
out t o th ese
.
N o c au se , o f c o .
n- th e l a\\: ' , be m eted
111 our own cou
.a ry,. , , e n tirely too muc h recklessness
e h op e • to a r e f or m
·
.
oi
n ts , w
por
mp
te
u
rn
n
o
c
ret
our
e
s
ay
th
s
"
s
i
b ut
as
ns
P�
_
to
d
e
rt
_
eso
r
peopl e , and th e
e rto
s t oward col ored
e ri can s have hith
art of y o u n g whi te
o � th e
t ry. W ealthy Am
ti stic IIfe .
r
a
,
ee
gr
de
res p:ct_ can n ot
ss
er
le
p
a
If a pro
. , in
o be c han ged.
gaye ty, 1 uxu ry, a nd
th e s ea t of
Amer conclit i!s o ugh t t
of liberty, the y
s
sing
es
bl
e
. o w h o weve r , b eco m ·1 ng patent that th e l if e o f an
e \\'ho e nj oy th
e secu red f r om thos
b
It is n
.
J
a
·
ant1
t
s
ub
uns
n gs of c onvi·ct ed
nly a ve n ee r , sh ad owy and
.
UP, or set to w ork with ga
s ho u ld b e J ock ed
ican 1 11 ;ar. is is o
e
th
all
y,
tr
n
u
co
n
w
o
ld put someth111g
now fi nd , i n his
. , , n am use- h o od lu m s un d e r ch�rge o f k eepers . wh. o wou
'[he Ame rican can
The
s s. "
e " gay city . . I
c n m 111 al r e ckl es sne
e rly s ough t •111 t h
.
es id es a spiri t of
e l se into the m b
' ' life " that h e f o rm
e
op ulat 10n a
p
ored
l
co
e
h
t
.11 pl a ,s an d in m usi c , i n the d rama an d 111 o pera , w
.
set
f the South shou ld
m ents'. 1
as w ell as wh ite p eop1 e 0
)
Th ey wou Id then
'W e h ave th e n e we st b o oks
1· s ·
Pa1·
not o n e of u tte r la1Y l essn ess.
th
·
wi
e
,
Pi
m
ne
a
x
e
d
n
o
go
ca
s
a
k
·
·
nn
d
· ch
r
o
.
at
e
th e J a i\, whi
ot
or
f
nn
\"/\Te c a
.
.
sen sati on .
for th e mselve s a nd
tl e test i;�s�� h all
ms pire re sp. .ect a n d fear
o n ot
d
e
do es n ot tra� el
s
v
·
\"
res
d
m.
in
the
n
o
'. i'�
by
fashi
n
to be broke
ic frien d s, and
\\ e1 as ou
apparently is o n 1 Y m ade
u it e
the co lored
y
b
d
e
t
t
·
i
mm
o
c
. · a. B ut in, all else we are q
. kly from E u rope to Amenc
ce
n
i th e c rim e s o f v io le
. ".,-th
qu1c
.
<1.ily p erpethe dollars whi. ch ha1· e sid e
.,
to th o se almo st d
s k ee p s o , and
b u t th ey are as n othi n g
ple
fin tle szecle· L e t u
eo
p
e at
us
er
t
et
b
a
o
t
t
u
p
g wh ;te p eo ple .
t in Par i s w ill b e
b ee n so l a .ige l s e n
an trated by th e Jaw-desp1sm
ar i s , fo r t he Am eric
talk o f soc i ety in P
to
-�1/
l
is
1
_
t
h ome.
It ·Is ' t o
e xc1 u s ·iv e .
nate l't . Par isi an socie ty i s
EM EN T.-l n th e old M a
c ann ot pen eti.
. Th e
e
bl
ra
t
e
n
e
SIC HA LL M ISM A J AG
U
M
lute ly imp
o
s
i\,
ab
e
N
f
er
o
'
ign
t
s
e
ore
f
m
o
.
f
.
the b est and hands
th e ge neraI run o
a n d 111 i1
tan Ope ra H ouse , o n e o f
hat
thi n g o f its o w n
a
l1
·
iic
is
I
w
s
ri
g
a
n
i
P
d
il
n
1
u
·
b
'
a
e
o
ny
1
.
co
.
K ost,,-r & Bia\ hav .
Am e ncan
. .
d ise o f a11 goo'cl
. .
Y ork's t heatres , M
I e ssr s .
e th e e arth ly Para
b
may
a ll ente i tam
h
ris
c
a
i
P
us
m
an
.
s
s
i
cias
h
Pan
.
r a hig
se nse
of \\'Oriel ly is
. .
lit fo r a sp 1 en d "1 d h om e fo
"'· l ess a nd l ess a place
omi· n o
T li e atre , L o nd o n .
.
A meric ans , but it is bec
e n at th e Em p ire
giv
t
e
a
b
th
d
I
u
to
o
h
r
s
a
l
it
imi
t
s
u
b
t
en
m
ery ,v e il,
v
�
l
l
a
s
i
t
visi
A
.
n e a d, b
m
. e nce for the
s up er i or p erfo rma
re sid
of fre quen t a nd.
.
The intent i on i s t o giYe a
�
s � t�
th all our m ean s
l
a
�
.,I\
1
,
l
d
ic
an
w
,
t
tha
one
o nly a flyi ng
Ti...,. e cu Iti- d o .mg, to attract a bet ter aud i ence than
e nt.
.
"it , it i s an e asy accomp lish. m
.
· I1 a11 • Th at w as th e
rapi d ocean t rans
c h t o i.e- e rto patrornzed the American m usic
u
m
. n o f hom e life a n d re al sociab ility \\"Ill d o
r & Bi a! on qrn· tt"rn g the ir
vatio
"' anize s avo wed 111
oro. tention of M e ss rs. K oste
ch c o nstanti y dis
i
"'\\'h
·
s
s
e
sn
es
tl
es
r
.
f
treet and rem o vmg t o the ma"
m o,·e that spiri t o
m sear_ch o f m uch . old qu arte rs Ill T w·.en tv, -third s
e ct ors o f
el in f ore ign l an ds
d"
ir
1
e
trnv
i
t
to
If
us
s
t.
mpt
tree
us an d pro
rt ·-f o urth s
.
o ur o wn
·
nifi cen t s tru ct u re m Thi )
d hfe w h.ic Il can be h ad m
are re ally a mb"it1 0u s o f
.
of that tnte rta111rn en t a n
d ·abl e ente rpr i se
n
e
m
com
d
an
this new
.
t 1: an
ics
t
ac
t
. . th ey "'. 1. 11 have to adopt oth e r
.
cou ntry.
su cce ed111g m it,
of a
•
nt
e
m
e
g
a
n
a
m
e
e gran t that th
those latelv prac ticed . v' V
aid s and
e l atit u d e
om
s
o me thi rty odd m
ed
w
-S
.
o
Y
all
PL
e
b
AP
- ED
rtai nm ent mu st
NO ME N NE
.
in the Ch erokee pl ace of p�b lic e nte
Con sequen tly,
e cuo n o f l an d
u sin e ss.
e o f t h e ir o wn b
,
dg
e
"·ido 11· s hav e pre emp ted a s
•l
,\
o
n
k
n
e
om
ma
N
and s
"
.
e
m
o
H
y
Lad
"
mi ttan ce to a
d
a
a
· ·1tut e
.
.
a w fit t o re f u se
Stri\). The re they wil I mst
.
1 l1 1s if M e ssrs . K o5tei. & B', aI 5 .
.
·
e s s E den wit l
ml
a
d
A
n
o
t m uch to be
s
i
11s
t
i
e
i
ate
e
.
col lai.' th
. . . u al
,Yill be suffered to co ntam111
its man ,,,h o di d n ot. \\'ear a shirt
e al lo w�d :o c ro s
e 111d 1v1cl
b
th
t
oot
a
f
h
t
his
t
l
c
fa
wil
e
n
e
th
v
e
e ' not
b
Id
u
o
w
vile p resence . N o t
uon
.
ues
q
e
\ as said as th
i s an e vi
c on c1·ie ast th ou gh h e i s ,
.
the r h is presence 111 th at
sacred con fin e s. Man , I10rn"d b
you 1• was m111 us the collar ' b u t whe
k
mar
,
•
But
re f u s e
t
o
lass
right
g
g
k"
n
r
·
r
n ecessary t o \\'Oman as th e I
T h ey t i o n
::1�:.� �: : :�\ ��1 ��� :�e rica n audi ence
e not wo me n.
ar
ows
d
"
wi
d
n
a
s
eli
1
.
:;;\�s�:; �
these em anc ipated m a•id
. g s i• s e . h im
·
If h e w ere
..
rs of th at ' ' shnekm
ne .
t h o se gi ou n d s alo
on
on
s
a re ' ' ladies . " So are the m embe
r
e
p
a
o
t
t
�
ec
;
J
b"
o
ou I d
w
es w i e
m
.
na
rd
a
h
er
h
in
ot
a
h
called eac
,
n d i"ff eren t . Ag ' M essrs
h ood " at Chi cago ' who
' s Exh ibi t at th e W orld s d ru nk • th e ma tte r w ould have b.ee
.
ce 1.e
s
ou
h
e
h
t
n
a
m
o
of
t
. . .
1 o w 111 th e fron
thev' \Y e re mism an agmg tl1e W
'- oster & B ia\ re fused to al
. g,
ppr opr iated to e xh1 b1tmg Y
- age · I n so dom
1
ay ed o n th e �t
P
d
Fair, an d spe n t m o st o f th e m on ey,. a
ha
o
.
wh
n
e
n dsm
·ba
.
ain
t
.
. ,
ed)
.
op
pi
g.
y
n
k etr
.
.
the atri cal law wh ich vei
what the fai r sex could not d o , in jun
th ey set m m ot1 n a_n l d
e.
c
n
rma
o
f
er
p
ir
1 on t on th e nig ht o f th e
111 ;.
f orbi ds act ors t o go
er s in
an irm
h
c
o
·f
r
e
whi
p
.
od
i
o
o
l
b
s
r
o
for
u st
e n w ere n ot act
WA NTO N ASS AU LT. -T h e l
B ut th ese E n o-l is h bandsm
h ave rewhi
· ch u rges th em t o
<:
.
.
n o p oss ible inj u ry c.o ul d
and
,
d
i
o
\\
e
tn
mates the white p e. op1 e o f t I1 e S ou th ,
f
o
e
e sens
th
.
e
th
.
of
the red
n
1
a
,
g
en i oy u
f P 1•o pe rty
..
ing wit h th e audience and
Tepeated acts of violence o f the 1 aw o
su lt ed in the ir mix
,
hty
.
s1b1
os
imp
an
o-ro
. tn· aI f o r a n e"'
n m en t.
pe rs on ' whi ch m ak es a f air
.
nde r o f t h e e nte r tai
.
a m u sic h all
· · s t o o pe nly and will [ u lly m a i
I m ay b e r. e min ded that
a
.and whic h causes so-called Ch nstian
Bi
&
r
e
t
es srs . Kos
M
ly
ard
H
·
e i n c rease .
d by th e s ame ru 1 es,
.
disobey e very l aw o f G od an d man, is o n th
ti.e an d ca nnot be gove rne
· h all favorite ' s
.111stan ce o f t11-1s occ ur5 • A fl agrant breach 1s not a thea
ic
t m uc h o f th e m us
.
.
.a clay p asses but an
nd the ought to k now tha
e
en f
mof
n
. .
A
l. u
ns
1th
a
e
•l
1
o
. re ported fro m e w
his fam iliarity
••
-0f this descnpt1on 1s
:
�
s acq u i red th ro ugh
i
��s�
rity
a
l
��:
u
;op
(
n
e
i
lace wh
p
ing
l
l
e
,Y
rom
d
n
e
er
sm
h
d
_
s iYe co lo re d girl was stan d ing by
_
n i n the case o f th e ban
. e m e n. On re. - Their actio
it
"' ical , an d di sc our
1 ll "
a s d om i n eer i ng '
.
,v
she w as rudel y ac costed by two you n g w h
nt
e
m
a
rn
u
To
y
r
. h his M ilita
sep a
.
k h e r wit
'.ish ed to k eep the stage
monstratmg wi. th them , one of th e m e n struc
teou s. The o ld rule \\'as e stac
ut
c
to
Y
et ,\' e
ed
or
s
oceed
pr
tat
p
ec
,
fe
s
kni
th
fist, \Yhile the oth e r, draw ing a pocket
its secre ts i n viol ate , f rom .
nately for th e rate , and
Bial forbid ding th e
ess rs . Kos te l �
M
h er \\'i th it ' inflicting four w ou nds whic h, fortu
d,
han
e
n
o
nd , o n the
fi
e
s
.
e
th
ot h ei. '
t
.
.
a
h
t
ow
u m, and , on th e
.
girl,
.
. d id n ot prove senou s . Th e accorn1ts sh
e n i n th e au d i to ri
sm
cl
n
a
b
e
th
f
o
e
c
.111g distm- Presen
· te "
fe m al e ' ' art1s
es o f a note d
.
young h oo dlu m s w ere o ut for a " I ark , " tl1 ey hav
e th eatrica l co stu m
th
ir,g
t
i
xhib
e
ior to _bo d ily
re ' ' d isplayed
gu ishe cl the m selves by other diso rderly con duct pr
m e n . ". The d resses w.e
se v eral hu nd re d w o
,
,
to
s
t
.
n
time
sen
, ed t o e xamine
wou nd ing the c ol ored girl . \Ne h eartily echo the
ge , and vis itors w e re a11O\\
o n fo rm s o n th e· sta
nco
t
s
e
r
e
v
se
-0[ the Daily Item, of N e w Orleans , th at ' ' the
0
0
0
0
0
=0
0
�OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
4 78
T H E I L L U STRAT E D A M E R I C A N .
them at their leisure." This is playing the entertainment bus
iness low down, even for a music hall.
Another point, and one that requires settling, is the alleged
right of music hall proprietors to make a man who leaves the
building pay over again for readmission. This is preposter
ous. The purchase of a seat in a theatre or elsewhere en
titles the buyer to .see the entire show. To tie him down and
tell him that he shall do so only on condition of his keeping in
his seat all the evening is a high-handed proceeding which
should be stopped. A theatre issues a " pass out check,"
and a ticket once purchased entitles its holder to come and
go at his pleasure. It should be so in a music hall, unless,
indeed, that music hall is run on the old plan of making alco
holic and other refreshment the staple of profit. Of course, if
Messrs. Kuster & Bial are running their hall on this plan, it
is to their interest not to let their visitors out of their sight all
night. But if, as one would fain believe, they are desirous
of giving a high-class entertainment and of making that the
staple attraction, then the sooner they proclaim to the public
that they have discarded this irritating and irrational practice,
the sooner will the better class of amusement seekers be at
tracted to the music hall. The question at issue is that of
the show on the stage versus the saloon. Let Messrs. Koster
& Bia! decide it.
AT IT AGA I N . -Our friends in the South appear to be
in need of a powerful nerve sedative. They have lately ex
hibited a most alarming tendency to over-excitement. They
have always evinced the possession of an inflammable temper
ament that has in the past got them into serious trouble ; but
of late their lack of self-control has passed all reasonable
bounds. Such shocking scenes as were witnessed in Roan
oke, Va. , a short time since, are out of place in any civilized
community, and the people among whom they occur must ex
pect to be regarded with contempt and disgust.
If our Southern friends are really determined upon punish
ing crime without due process of the Jaws provided by them
for such emergencies, they should tear down their public
schools, court houses, and prisons and proclaim themselves
the savages that they really are. As matters stand at present
they are sailing under false colors.
ROBBING THE PUBLIC T I LL. -Mr. Davis, a Populist
representative of Kansas, has introduced into the House a bill
providing that a service pension shall be paid to every soldier,
sailor, and marine who servec..l in the war of the rebe!lion-to
those who served from ninety days to one year at the rate of
$ 1 0 a month ; from one to two years, $20 a month ; and over
three years, $ 2 5 a month. This is in addition to pens:ons for
disability. To provide a fund for paying these pensions an
income tax is to be established, ranging from two to six per
cent. ; a legacy-tax of five per cent. on less than $ 1 00, 000 ar.d
ten per cent. on more than $ 1 00, 000, and a tax on landed
estates (improvements thereon not to be counted) of from two
to six per cent. This pandering to the rapacity of unworthy
members of the Grand Army of the Republic is sickening.
It is turning men who did their duty-and their duty only
into a boc..ly of burglars. It is degrading what was once an
honorable badge into an emblem of disgrace. It is making
the already too l iberal A merican public a laughing stock.
Surely the honor of having partaken in the preservation of the
Union is sufficient reward for those who escaped from the
T H E I LL U ST R AT E D A M E R I C A N.
OCTOBER 14, l 893.
FEMALE SMOKERS.-It is <1nnounced from London
that ' ' a certain high-class ladies' cl_ub is in danger of disrup
tion over the cigarette question. " The gravamen of the of
fense seems to lie in the possession by the fair smokers of the
most comfortable room in the club. It is natural that this
should be so. For the club is distinctly man's prerogati\·e.
And, when women seek to establish for themselves a home
outside their own houses, it is natural that they should seek
to emulate the despised maie sex. A cigarette to a woman
is essentially a luxury. She will not smoke to soothe herself.
She will only smoke when in her happiest vein. Conse
quently, her surroundings must be as comfortable as money
and taste can make them. We do not need to be told that
the most comfortable room in a ladies' club is the smoking
room. That is a foregone conclusion. Here the fair ones re
cline at their ease, puffing the dainty cigarette, building cas
tles in the smoke thereof, and regaling each other \Yith the
latest bits of scandal. If the ladies who cannot or \Yill not
smoke, object, their remedy is obvious-let them remain
away from the contaminating atmosphere of the smoking
room. So long as there are ladies' clubs, we cannot see why
there should not be a smoking room, not to speak of a billiard
table. The women of Russia and Spain are none the less
feminine because they smoke. Indeed, so long as the habit
is not indulged in too freely, there is no objection to the
woman who smokes, provided that she does so occasionally,
in privacy, and so Jong as she smokes cigarettes mace of fine
tobacco. The cigarettes used by ladies on the European
continent are made of the very finest tobacco-Turkish or
Egyptian-the former for preference-and are comparatively
harmless. For the " mannish " woman, the woman \\'ho
openly smokes strong cigarettes, or cigars, we have the most
profound contempt. But the occasional smoking of a light
cigarette never harmed any woman, either :n a club or in her
own home. But, we repeat, so long as there are ladies' clubs,
so long will there be smoking rooms attached thereto.
FATHER McGL YNN'S VULGARITY.-Dr. Edward
McG!ynn gained a great deal of sympathy in this country on
account of his fight for freedom of thought and liberty of
speech. But, since he has been readmitted within the pale
of the Roman Catholic Church, he has frequently shown
signs of a vulgarity which his enemies say is innate. He has
turned liberty into low license. For instance, on the occasion
of the celebration of his fifty-sixth birthday a short time ago,
he referred thus to his suspension and excommunication :
' ' I always declared that I saw little probability of any change in
my condition until we'd had about half a dozen emmently respect
able funerals. There were men in the Church who were deter
mined the,e should be no change in my condition until I myself
should change, which I knew was not probable. I thought that
the Lord might gather some of those eminently respectable gen
tlemen to himself and replace them with younger men. But I am
glad that my restoration came about without quite so many funer
als as I expected. There were some funerals, however, and per
haps the survivors thought they'd better make their peace. "
And yet the man who spoke these words pretends to preach
the Gospel of that Jesus of Nazareth who, while s..iffering
the agonies of the cross, cried aloud for the forgiveness of
his executioners. Jesus was a typical gentleman. Father
McGlynn has provec..l himself to be a typical cad.
Diamond Cutting
Exhibit.
• (;:;,1,f'
affray unhurt. The G. A. R. has but itself to blame if a
younger generation exclaims " Bother those Grand Army
men ! "
479
( M INE
A
�
�
S
AND MINING BlJILDING.1
Ready made and to order,
N i ?teresting part ·of Messrs.
Tiffany & Co. 's exhibit not
shown in their pavilion in the
Manufactures Building, · are the arts
employed in cleaving, cutting and
polishing of diamonds_. This process
is illustrated by a force of Tiffany &
Co. 's expert lapidaries in connection
with the DeBeers M ining Exhibit in
the Cape Colony section of the M ines
and Mining Building, World's Fair.
M oderate Prices.
T I F F A N Y & CO.,
M A K ERS OF
Riding Habits,
Coats, Capes, and Gowns,
Hats, Bon nets,
Fine Fur Garments
For Carriage, Street and Evening wear,
AT
U n ion Square,
Friendly 1s_Regard
never
en
tertained by
the children
::-,,-�==--- for a medi
c1 ne t h at
tastes b a d.
This explains
the popular
i t y amon g
little ones of
Scott's Emulsion,
New Y ork.
ns, LINK CUHS AR[ BP[ NSIV[,
BUT SEE HERE.
The " ELITE " makes adjustable
and reversible Link Cutfs of your
ordinary cuffs. and enables yo-.i to
wear link buttons with your ordi.
FOR SPEED, BEAUTY, STRENGTH,
THE
nary cu:fs.
RAMBLER
' \\
STANDS AT THE HEAD OF
l
BICYCLES
Register address for 1894 Catalogue.
GORMULLY & JEFFERY l\lFG. CO.
" E L�•:: w�
S
h
:•;::n::5c .
MANUFACTURERS,
5 W, Clinton Avenue, • Albany, N,Y
AMELI E RIVES'
Chicago. Boston. Washington. New York.
a preparation of cod-liver
oil almost as palatable as
milk. Many mothers have
grateful knowledge of its
benefits to weak, sickly
children.
If your dealer does not yet keep
them, send us $1 .00 and receive by re
turn mail one pair of . . EL l1'E " and
one pair of GOLD F R ONT or
SOLID STERLING S l l,VER
link cuff-buttons. (Jewelers' retail
price $2.00 per pair.)
LA'l'ES1' AND BES'l' WORK,
Tanis, The Sang-Digger,
1 2mo, Cloth, Gilt, etc. Price $1 .50.
Unquestionably the strongest novel that tht: talented au•
thor of "A Brother to Dragons," 1 1 The Quick or the Dead,"
uAthelwold,'' 11 Virginia of Virginia," 1 ·According to St.
John," has written, is this story which is out this week and
for sale at all leading book stores, or sent post paid on re•
ceipt of price by TOWN TOPICS, 21 "\V. 23d St.. New York.
Prepared by Scott & Bowne. N . V . A h drUR'R'ist.s.
VOICES OF THE PR ESS.
T H E outlook for the wage-earner this winter is not as bright
as it might be. In fact, it is probably no exaggeration to say
that the prospect has not been so gloomy for some years.
,
Organized Charity. \Vork has been slack during the summer the
number of unemployed has been unusually large
and though there has been an improvement of conditions,
there is not yet work for all. Decreased earnings have natu
rally and necessarily been followed by little or no savings.
The drought has further crippled those who have sought to
supply their cellars by the cultivation of small patches of land,
and there is really reason to be concerned about the results of a
se'l'ere winter. The conditions would seem to suggest the
necessity of a more perfect organization of the agencies of
charity that there may be no clashing or waste of energy. I t
is coming t o be better realized every day that the essential
thing in giving is to give wisely. Otherwise frauds are encour
aged, the undeserving are fed and clothed and sunk deeper
DIK Patrons, Friends, and Subscribers will confer a favor upon us by mentioning
THE
into the shameless state o f the professional mendicant. The
thing is to help people to help themselves, not to help them to
be idle, impudent and ungrateful, as is often the case where
giving is not preceded by careful investigation. -Columbus
(0. ) Evening Dispatclt.
*
*
*
THE Louisville Courier-Journal wants,. ; ' national baby
namer appointed. I t argues that a vast deal of family trouble
and perplexity would be saved and much humiliation to the
bearer prevented if the right of naming children
a
·
was tak en away f rom parents and given
to a Wanted,
Baby Namer.
Government official. Looking at the matter in
its practical results, the Courier-Journal appears to be almost
right. It has doubtless perplexed a good many people why
they should be compelled to go through life bearing a name
which is a constant humiliation to them and in the selection
of which they had no voice. Vanity, ignorance, or prejudice
ILLusrRmo AMERICAN- to our advertisers when they are led lo, make purchases through our advertisement,,
�T H E I L L U ST RAT E D A M E R I CA N .
OCTOBER 1 4 , 1 8 93.
Not as a
Coniection,
but as a
Drink,
imparting strength,
aiding digestion, is
Chocolat Menier most effective.
Not a narcotic, like Tea, Coffee or
Cocoa, but a strengthening, unadul
terated FOOD.
Q
Ladies enjoy the use of
Kirk's Juvenile
Cocoa & Chocolate
ARE NO MORE TO BE COMPARED WlTH
EACH OTHER THAN
Because i t i s a pure, d e l i g h t �
.fu l l y scented, free washing
Skimmed Milk
to Pure Cream.
TOI LET SOAP.
IN EVERY VARIETY
Pamohlets g:iving recipes, and sample, by ad•
FOR
HAND
MAC H I N E
WORK.
AND
ALSO
Button-sewing, Lace-ma�ing, [moroiaer�,
dress_ing
American Bra�ch
ASK Y O U R GROC E R F O R
CH OCO LAT
Chocolat-Memer
M E N I ER
Annuc 1 Sale1 Ezceed 3 3 M I LLION LBS.
SAMPLES � l: N T f' R E E. M E N I E R , N . Y.
THE
New York, Boston,
BARBOUR
B R OTH E RS
Co. ,
Chico.go. St. Louis, Snn Frnncisco.
A S K · F O R · B A R B O U R 'S.
FABRICS
FOR A U T U M N W E A R .
I l
t 1
Armures, Serges, Pointelle, Boucle, and
Jacquard Effects in Fall Colorings.
Self Colored Diagonals, Jacquards,
Armures, Sackings. Scotch Plaids for
School Dresses. Crepes and Crepons,
for Evening and House \Vear.
E M B ROIDERED ROBES.
Pc>'loaowa�
£> 1 9t� 6t.
N EW Y O R K.
BIN DERS .,. .,.
Suitable for
J 1 1 ustrated
A merican.
1
��; ASTHMA.
KIDDER'S PASTILLES■i�i��{P,'
,,• mail. RtowPII (� Co
1
C!1arlcstown, Jlass.
OR O"( H E R FANCY WORK,
Sold by all Respectab!e Dealers throughout the Country .
D R ESS
PRIOE
$ 1 .00
FOR SALE BY THE
TO THE YOU N � FACE
Pozzoni's Complexion Powder gives fresher
charms, to the old renewed youth. Try it.
I ll u strated American Publishing
Co.,
5 and 7 East Sixteenth St.,
-:-
-:•
NEW YORK.
Voi ces of tr1e Press.-Conti nued.
too often rule in the choice o f a name, and the boy i s dubbed
Xenophon Demosthenes and the girl Angelina Cerinthia, j ust
to gratify a passing whim of a parent. If it is impracticable
to follow the Courier-Journal's suggestion and have a na
tional baby namer, then the law should permit every young
man and woman, when they arrive at a certain age, to throw
aside the name their parents ga\·e them and choose a name
for themselves. Children have some rights parents ought to
be compelled to respect. -PhzladeljJhia Press.
*
*
*
IT is a frequent remark of visitors that Atlanta is one of the
cleanest cities they have seen. No higher compliment could
be paid the city and it is one which we should strive to de
serve at all times. The Board of Health is very
.1.tlanta is Clean.
watchful and the sanitary department is well
managed. Atlanta has such natural guarantees of healthful
r,ess as few cities possess but these ha\·e not been relied on to
the neglect of the established la\\·s of hygiene. The city
council did a wise thing when it increased the sanitary force
and equipment this year. We learn that the city will soon be
subdivided into smaller sanitary districts, so that the work of
keeping it clean can be still more effectively done. At this
time we can appreciate more than we usually do the blessings
which the natural location of Atlanta, and a decent regard for
the laws of health have bestowed upon us.-Atlanta (Ga.)
Journal.
*
*
T H E grape season is on. Eat grapes-ripe, sound ones
in abundance. Many people can make a whole breakfast off
them and nothing else, and feel the better for
Seasonable ancl
Sound Advice. it. Don't be afraid of them. The grape cure
in Europe frequently causes a man's dy�pepsia
and dumps to flee away forever, and he feels as though he
were made over again and were walking on air. lt will do
Our·
. Patrons, Friends, and Subscribers will confer a favor upon us by mentioning
THE
the same in America. If anything is certain, it is that the
food of civilization is changing somewhat, particularly in
America. The heavy, stuffy, greasy foods of our ancestors
are giving way to those which are lighter, more nourishing,
and more quickly digested. The American cannot afford to
spend six hours digesting his dinner when he wants a)l the
blood he can get for use in his brain to invent new machines,
to write or to plan out commercial enterprises. Life is too
short to give so many of the twenty-four hours up to the
stomach. Therefore fruit, and a quantity of it, takes the place
of sausage, " biled dinners," mince pie and green pork, or even
the time honored sheet iron sandwich. 'Tis weil. M an's
stomach thanks h im. The attention of economists, too, is re
cently called more and more to the limitless possibilities for
food of the best quality for man that lie in nut culture. -St.
/
Joseph (Llfo.) Gazette.
*
*
*
I T is not, however, the pen than woman should fear so
much and try to control, as it is the tongue. The greatest
lesson that woman has yet to learn is to think before she
speaks. In comparison with the thoughtless
essness
tonoo-ue the pen in a \\·oman 's hand. is as harm- Thoughtlot
S11eech,
less as a dove. All too prevalent m these days
is the spirit of cruel and thoughtless criticism among women.
Thoughtlessness of speech has done more to injure woman
than any single element in her life. It has laid her open to
the charge of being unreliable-and ofttimes j ustly so. It has
kept from her confidences that were hers by right ; it has
stood in the way of her progress ; it has placed her innumer
able tim<'" in false positions ; it has judged her as being cold
where she was in reality affectionate ; cruel where she was
gentle. It is the one inconsistency in woman's nature that
has baffled many a one anxious to believe in her.-Edward
W. Bok in _ October Ladies' Home Journal.
ILLusrm�o
AMERICAN
to our advertisers when they are led to make purchases lhrou�h our advertisements,
J,.,
�THE I LLUSTRATED AMER ICAN.
OCTOBER 14, 1 893.
I N ST I T U T E S I N N E W Y O R K STAT E :
1 1
W h ite P l a i n s.
Westfi e l d .
B i nghamton.
B a by l o n , L . I .
Canan daigua.
Ogde n s b u rg.
Sa ratoga S p r i n gs.
N o . 26 West 34th Street, N ew Y o r k C i ty.
s
SIC LANT ERN
TH E I N K
FREDK.
H.
LEVEY &
Co. , 5 9
1 1
used on this paper
is manufactured by
BEEKMAN ST.
N. Y .
RITERION A N D PAR/\BOLON
O I L, LllIE OR E L J<:CT R I C L I G H T
a n d STE lt J£0 PTICONS are very profiLable at
home or in public. V iews of World 's Fair and
hundreds of other subjecls. Catalogues free.
J . B . C O L T & CO.
1 6 Beelo11u11 Street,
1 89 Ln S n l ie Street,
N E W YORK.
CHICAGO, I L L.
,
"
=(t
��
. �"''
-�
\
;
_,
� tl\\.j\ni C\\,no. t,om
:'
\)$,
::1ou.
are ti\\.y1n� at \\i�\ \\o.1\C15.
\Ne
a,e o\rec.t \m?o,ten, a.no.
5c..\/8
you. a..'Qou.t
';)0\ �-
to '.,OU.,
Ca\\ at �torn or 5e.no. to,
ato.\ o&tue.
\_e,t
�
\l';, ?IO\/e. i.\\\$
THE GRAND TOUR
AND
THE vV ORLD'S FAI R.
=-'
EVANGEL'NE.-" ,:vhcre dhl you �et that splendid 5tory ? "
HELENE.-" It was gi_ vc� me _by M r . Primley, of Chicago. _He bas a l!st 9f over J,700 books, which he gives awa,y
t,?_t�1e peo,pl� wh9 buy li�s C}1ew1_1 1 g Gum. A l l you have to do 1s to send h1m_hve outs1de wra.ppt;rs of eithel' Califo1·nia
�1mt o�· California 1-'epsm Chewing Gum and two 2-cent stamps, and he will send y ou any book on the list. I have
Jusc:, llnished Stevenson 's • Master of Ballant,1·ae ' anU am about sending for Miss Brannon's • La.dy A ucJlPy's Secret • ,,
b o
Gum tile Oth�r evening, but 1
e f
a
t
c
f
didJ�:� i�;:����� �h�b!t'��
� J��t J�ficio�i��t�h � sWi��irJf�-�Tt n°av��-';,
';�}!t8���
Rae's Lucca Oil
The Perfection
•
G UARAN :l.'EED .ABSOL U:I.'EL Y P URE B Y
LEGHORN, ITALY.
of Olive Oil.
T1 1ose making the journey Lo Chicago to visit the \Vorld's
Fair who, at the same time. wish to see as much as possible::.
of interest on the way, should travel via the Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad at least in one direction. The most attract
ive combination of routes offered is that via the B. & 0.
through \Vashington and over the Allegheny Mountains,
returning via Niagara Falls1 or vice versa. The B. &: 0.
sells excursion tickets goin'g out via its own ! me::. and return
ing via Niagara Falls, and all the roads leading to Chicago
via Niagara Falls sell excursion tickets going out_ via their
respective lines and returning via the B. & 0. and \\·ashing
ton. The price of tickets via this coinbination of routes is
the same as <-f tickets which carry the passr.nger over the
same route in both direct1ons. The principal ticket offices
of the B. & 0. are at 2 1 1 \.Yashi ngton Street, Boston; 4 1 5
Broadway, New York ; and 833 Chestnut Street, Philadel
phia, where full information will be given upon call.
Established 1836.
HALt RAH DCURSIONS ;�E WOR LD'S tAIR
TH E H ISTO R I C R IV E R .
lVashington a n d the B . & O . R. R.
T 1 r n Balti more and Ohio R. R. w i l l run a series
of special excursions from New York to the
World ' s Fair at rate of $ 1 7 . 00 for the round trip.
The trains will consist of first-class Day Coaches,
equipped with lavatories and toilet conveniences.
The trains will start from station, foot of Liberty
street, at 8. 30 A . M. , Septeml::er 20th, 26th and
30th, and October 5th, 9th, 1 8th and 25th, and
will reach Chicago at 4 . 30 P . M . the following day.
Tickets will be valid for outward journey only on
the special trains, but will be good returning from
Chicago i n Day Coaches on any regular train
within ten days, including day of sale. Stops will
be made for meals at the dining stations on the
line. A Tourist Agent and a Train Porter will
accompany each train to look after the comfort of
passengers. For more detailed i n formation as to
rates, etc. , apply to C . P. Craig, Gen ' I Eastern
Pass. Agent, 4 1 5 Broadway, New York.
EVERY American who has e,·er thought that h e should
travel at all, -must have determint:d that some time he would
visit the \Vorld's Fair. It is a duty he owes himself; it will
be a pleasure ever to be remembered with satisfaction and
delight.
J'y taking (and only by taking) the Baltimore & Ohio
route to Chicago1 he will see a river hallowed in America
be::.yond all others by historic recollections-the ri,·er on
whose banks sleeps the Father of his Country-the river for
whose possession more lives have been sacrificed than were
lost to guard the German H.hine.
This river, the memory-haunted Potomac, is closely fol
lowed for more than one hundred mile::.s of i ts most delight
ful scenery by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad 1 a ride
itself a dream of scenic loveliness and beauty.
Our Patrons, Friends, and Subscribers will confer a favor upon us by mentioning THE ILLUSTRATED
AMERICAN
to our advertisers when they are led tir make purchases through our advertisements,
�our store, or wri te- t o
cl ui·��g t l) i s Jnonth, w i l l <liscover t h e hngest -
E<l;�;�ue_ of }al>rics � lna,fle
aiid}ft
·· · ec•c ·· ···· ncst
...
•. assortme11t o:f fa,brics that we have
coi:1fitry.
l
M� tl
t
. :" i
t aRd
-we"
�::l:�
It}, ;�u Ql!not cal l i n pe-rso n,
�'=
��
::_��=
_ _ t fon.; -i·og·axdi��- "
='
'amI°' B0l ack i! > .re O •sc . -oo��\ :'.E-a.c cs, Tri n nning�;���
1
-=Blank:e,t s , H osiel.' ,--:-. ,,.__ H ou_§ekeepi'"� 1g ·
..- and'
. �--=s
=
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GI · cc." - -,�:P-�}��W(\��
.. .-,J,ns�e:s' aru.\s �- �!'
Cl nak
- ····--. B-eauty.
o Mciisture.
..�.;fO:Ec:onomicaL Materia[ �Tfc
leadrng Architects. =�',,
· satisfaction. -�
- U5e=,-it.
irrenf, ])eco�ors.- ___
- :=.
eL -= .:.::. "::0�::::"��
·t i
.::�".'"."'
'ef !_l:::_ a.nd Valu�f�t:c
S.ole Man ufacture f"�,29�1t S-t. a.ml 7th Avo._.
NEW
ORK.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Linda Jacobs Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical note</h4>
<p>Dr. Linda Jacobs has a PhD in Near Eastern Archaeology/Anthropology. Author of <em>Digging In</em> (2011) and <em>Strangers in the West</em> (2023), Dr. Jacobs' work is on Middle Eastern culture and the nineteenth century Syrian Colony in New York.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content note</h4>
<p>The Linda Jacobs Collection contains multiple postcards, glass bottles, photos, and other printed materials like periodicals and magazines related to Syrian identity and culture in the United States.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893-1945
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Linda Jacobs
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes, 2020-2021.
Collection Guide created by Sarah Bernstein, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0059
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Postcards
Periodicals
Photographs
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LJacobs020
Title
A name given to the resource
The Illustrated American Magazine, 1893 October 14
Description
An account of the resource
The Illustrated American, Vol. XIV, No. 15 October 14, 1893. “A Plague of Men” (page 453) includes images of Syrians on the street in 1893.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893 October 14
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
The Illustrated American
Subject
The topic of the resource
Periodicals
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Newspapers
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/ecae4b7a972c64800505bf46060e8e6c.pdf
5322f179e8e784319f8216cd089e413b
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Linda Jacobs Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical note</h4>
<p>Dr. Linda Jacobs has a PhD in Near Eastern Archaeology/Anthropology. Author of <em>Digging In</em> (2011) and <em>Strangers in the West</em> (2023), Dr. Jacobs' work is on Middle Eastern culture and the nineteenth century Syrian Colony in New York.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content note</h4>
<p>The Linda Jacobs Collection contains multiple postcards, glass bottles, photos, and other printed materials like periodicals and magazines related to Syrian identity and culture in the United States.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893-1945
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Linda Jacobs
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes, 2020-2021.
Collection Guide created by Sarah Bernstein, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0059
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Postcards
Periodicals
Photographs
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LJacobs018
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Daniel J. Faour to N.N. Hill Brass Co., 1893 December 4
Description
An account of the resource
A letter from Daniel J. Faour in New York, dated December 4, 1893, to the N.N. Brass Company about rattles that were ordered and had yet to arrive. The letterhead is of "Danial J. Faour &
Bros. Importers &
Exporters of Catholic Goods Jewelry &
Notions," at 19 Morris St.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893 December 04
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Daniel J. Faour
Subject
The topic of the resource
Correspondence
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Business
Letters-English
New York
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/6904d505198b3064c88d723335a5fe19.pdf
6b627cd04508424eb08c290ce622afe1
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Linda Jacobs Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical note</h4>
<p>Dr. Linda Jacobs has a PhD in Near Eastern Archaeology/Anthropology. Author of <em>Digging In</em> (2011) and <em>Strangers in the West</em> (2023), Dr. Jacobs' work is on Middle Eastern culture and the nineteenth century Syrian Colony in New York.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content note</h4>
<p>The Linda Jacobs Collection contains multiple postcards, glass bottles, photos, and other printed materials like periodicals and magazines related to Syrian identity and culture in the United States.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893-1945
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Linda Jacobs
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes, 2020-2021.
Collection Guide created by Sarah Bernstein, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0059
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Postcards
Periodicals
Photographs
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LJacobs017
Title
A name given to the resource
Photograph of a Reproduction of Damascus Merchant’s House for World's Fair, Chicago
Description
An account of the resource
A photograph of a reproduction of a Damascus Merchant’s house at the Turkish Village in the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago, IL. On the back of the print is a photograph of a model of St. Peter's Cathedral.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
undated
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J. Manz & Go Chic
Subject
The topic of the resource
Photographs
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Chicago
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/e04de49c2385d684280bb91bacd97f6c.pdf
d012c929dad66d4ad6425d02ce60be56
PDF Text
Text
����
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Linda Jacobs Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical note</h4>
<p>Dr. Linda Jacobs has a PhD in Near Eastern Archaeology/Anthropology. Author of <em>Digging In</em> (2011) and <em>Strangers in the West</em> (2023), Dr. Jacobs' work is on Middle Eastern culture and the nineteenth century Syrian Colony in New York.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content note</h4>
<p>The Linda Jacobs Collection contains multiple postcards, glass bottles, photos, and other printed materials like periodicals and magazines related to Syrian identity and culture in the United States.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893-1945
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Linda Jacobs
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes, 2020-2021.
Collection Guide created by Sarah Bernstein, 2023 October.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0059
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Postcards
Periodicals
Photographs
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LJacobs014
Title
A name given to the resource
Photograph of Syrian Woman "From Far-Away Damascus," 1896
Description
An account of the resource
A photograph of a peddling Syrian woman in New York and an accompanying caption. These pages are from the book "Street Types of Great American Cities" by Sigmund Krausz, published in 1896.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1896
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Sigmund Krausz
Subject
The topic of the resource
Arab American women
Photographs
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Linda Jacobs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Books-English
New York
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/cb8a1d3cb683127ab1729f426e68ddb9.pdf
fcbf787ae759f9d076e67297c250f510
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Reverend Tobia Attallah Letters
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emigration and Immigration
Letter writing, Arabic
Letters (correspondence)
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/historical note</h4>
<p>Reverend Tobia Attallah was a reverend of the Maronite Church who lived in Bayt Shabab village in Lebanon in the early twentieth century. He correspondended with three of his children, Krouger, Nadim and As’ad Attallah who lived and worked in various locations including Argentina, Brazil, Guinea, Mali, and Ghana. Krouger and Nadim were more regular correspondents, and letters in the collection from each of them document the strife of migration and their travels to and from Lebanon.</p>
<h4>Scope/content note</h4>
<p>The Collection of Reverend Tobia Attallah letters includes letters mostly written to Reverend Attallah from 1896-1959. The writers often speak of their business, families, and financial standing. Beginning in 1914, the bulk of the letters are from three of his sons, Krouger, Nadim and As’ad Attallah. This collection shows one family's emotional turmoil and their struggles as they cope with living abroad with limited communication to their family and friends back home in Lebanon.</p>
<p>The materials consist of approximately 200 letters and 40 other items including envelopes and notes. Some of the latter items may have little or no relation to the Attallah letters, but the materials have been kept together as they were originally donated.</p>
<p>To read more about this collection and how it relates to the broader experience of immigration you can access Dr. Akram Khater's blog post <a href="https://lebanesestudies.news.chass.ncsu.edu/2020/08/17/letters-from-afar/">"Letters from Afar: New Khayrallah Center collection of letters from West Africa to Lebanon"</a>.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1896-1959
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
French
Spanish
English
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Tobia Attallah
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes and Lala Al Saeedi, 2020-2021. Translations contributed by Akram Khater, 2020-2021. Collection Guide written by Amanda Forbes.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 June.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The Khayrallah Center claims only physical ownership of the materials. Due to the nature of archival collections, information about copyright and rights ownership in the materials may be difficult to find despite reasonable efforts. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0052
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
TAttallah2020-001
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter to Tobia Attallah from the Secretary of the Queen of Spain, Reine Regente, 1896 October 10
رسالة إلى طوبيا عطاالله من كاتب أسرار ملكة اسبانيا بتاريخ ١٠ تشرين الأول، ١٨٩٦
Description
An account of the resource
A letter of thanks written to Tobia Attallah for his well wishes to the Queen for the wellbeing of her son, written by the Queen of Spain's secretary on October 10, 1896.
رسالة شكر إلى طوبيا عطاالله تشكره فيها ملكة أسبانيا على رسالته حيث يهدي تحياته وتمنياته بالصحة والعافية لإبنها.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1896 October 10
١٨٩٦-١٠-١٠
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Secretary of Queen of Spain
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Language
A language of the resource
French
Arabic
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Janina Santer
Lala Al Saeedi
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Letters-Arabic
Letters-French
Spain
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/8c4e47c6b111e7e0fdae84e77cef5850.pdf
0b007369cc638ecb8d1f1034a38460e7
PDF Text
Text
���
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Reverend Tobia Attallah Letters
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emigration and Immigration
Letter writing, Arabic
Letters (correspondence)
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/historical note</h4>
<p>Reverend Tobia Attallah was a reverend of the Maronite Church who lived in Bayt Shabab village in Lebanon in the early twentieth century. He correspondended with three of his children, Krouger, Nadim and As’ad Attallah who lived and worked in various locations including Argentina, Brazil, Guinea, Mali, and Ghana. Krouger and Nadim were more regular correspondents, and letters in the collection from each of them document the strife of migration and their travels to and from Lebanon.</p>
<h4>Scope/content note</h4>
<p>The Collection of Reverend Tobia Attallah letters includes letters mostly written to Reverend Attallah from 1896-1959. The writers often speak of their business, families, and financial standing. Beginning in 1914, the bulk of the letters are from three of his sons, Krouger, Nadim and As’ad Attallah. This collection shows one family's emotional turmoil and their struggles as they cope with living abroad with limited communication to their family and friends back home in Lebanon.</p>
<p>The materials consist of approximately 200 letters and 40 other items including envelopes and notes. Some of the latter items may have little or no relation to the Attallah letters, but the materials have been kept together as they were originally donated.</p>
<p>To read more about this collection and how it relates to the broader experience of immigration you can access Dr. Akram Khater's blog post <a href="https://lebanesestudies.news.chass.ncsu.edu/2020/08/17/letters-from-afar/">"Letters from Afar: New Khayrallah Center collection of letters from West Africa to Lebanon"</a>.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1896-1959
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
French
Spanish
English
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Tobia Attallah
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes and Lala Al Saeedi, 2020-2021. Translations contributed by Akram Khater, 2020-2021. Collection Guide written by Amanda Forbes.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 June.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The Khayrallah Center claims only physical ownership of the materials. Due to the nature of archival collections, information about copyright and rights ownership in the materials may be difficult to find despite reasonable efforts. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0052
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
TAttallah2020-002
Title
A name given to the resource
Envelope addressed to Fares Abdallah Karam, 1897 April 16
مغلف رسالة إلى السيد فارس عطالله كرم
Description
An account of the resource
An envelope addressed to Mr. Fares Abdallah Karam. Postmarked April 16, 1897 and sent from San Antonio, Texas. In Arabic, it asks to be routed to Beirut and then Amsheet, Lebanon.
مغلف رسالة إلى السيد فارس عطالله كرم. تاريخ الختم البريدي هو ١٦ نيسان/أبريل ١٨٩٧. والمغلف مبعوث من مدينة سان أنطونيو في ولاية تكساس في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1897 April 16
١٨٩٧- ٠٤- ١٦
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Janina Santer
Lala Al Saeedi
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Envelopes
Lebanon
Letters-Arabic
Texas
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/6b3cdfae3c826d453bfc470648ff125d.pdf
279c851d62f6795b7674f65ca1755eb1
PDF Text
Text
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Reverend Tobia Attallah Letters
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emigration and Immigration
Letter writing, Arabic
Letters (correspondence)
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/historical note</h4>
<p>Reverend Tobia Attallah was a reverend of the Maronite Church who lived in Bayt Shabab village in Lebanon in the early twentieth century. He correspondended with three of his children, Krouger, Nadim and As’ad Attallah who lived and worked in various locations including Argentina, Brazil, Guinea, Mali, and Ghana. Krouger and Nadim were more regular correspondents, and letters in the collection from each of them document the strife of migration and their travels to and from Lebanon.</p>
<h4>Scope/content note</h4>
<p>The Collection of Reverend Tobia Attallah letters includes letters mostly written to Reverend Attallah from 1896-1959. The writers often speak of their business, families, and financial standing. Beginning in 1914, the bulk of the letters are from three of his sons, Krouger, Nadim and As’ad Attallah. This collection shows one family's emotional turmoil and their struggles as they cope with living abroad with limited communication to their family and friends back home in Lebanon.</p>
<p>The materials consist of approximately 200 letters and 40 other items including envelopes and notes. Some of the latter items may have little or no relation to the Attallah letters, but the materials have been kept together as they were originally donated.</p>
<p>To read more about this collection and how it relates to the broader experience of immigration you can access Dr. Akram Khater's blog post <a href="https://lebanesestudies.news.chass.ncsu.edu/2020/08/17/letters-from-afar/">"Letters from Afar: New Khayrallah Center collection of letters from West Africa to Lebanon"</a>.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1896-1959
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
French
Spanish
English
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Tobia Attallah
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Amanda Forbes and Lala Al Saeedi, 2020-2021. Translations contributed by Akram Khater, 2020-2021. Collection Guide written by Amanda Forbes.
Collection Guide updated by Laura Lethers, 2023 June.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The Khayrallah Center claims only physical ownership of the materials. Due to the nature of archival collections, information about copyright and rights ownership in the materials may be difficult to find despite reasonable efforts. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0052
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
TAttallah2020-003
Title
A name given to the resource
Shipping bill addressed to Father Tobia Attallah, 1899 January 31
فاتورة شحن باسم الأب طوبيا عطاالله
Description
An account of the resource
A shipping bill to Father Tobia Attallah, dated January 31, 1899. The company is Cammionage de Chemin de Fer de Paris et Lyon et la Méditerranée. The communication informs Attallah that a shipment for him will be leaving Marseilles on February 2.
فاتورة شحن باسم الاب طوبيا عطا الله بتاريخ ٣١ كانون الثاني ١٨٩٩. شركة سكة حديد باريس ليون والبحر المتوسط. البرقية تعلم الاب عطا الله بان شحنة له ستغادر مارسيليا في ٢ شباط.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1899 January 31
١٨٩٩-١-٣١
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Cammionage de Chemin de Fer de Paris et Lyon et la Méditerranée
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, French
Correspondence
Language
A language of the resource
French
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Janina Santer
Lala Al Saeedi
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Letters-French
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/4943002b3855377005c99d082f574e34.pdf
285eee627452ad62f05fe5dd61ff1175
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Khalil Joseph Letters
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Khalil Joseph was a Lebanese immigrant to the United States, specifically to West Virginia, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In West Virginia, Joseph operated several businesses and stayed in contact with family and friends in Lebanon.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>This collection consists of 47 Arabic letters written between 1891 and 1919, a majority of which were written by Khalil Joseph (Khalil Youssuf) from West Virginia. Other letters were either written by or addressed to Youssuf Nader Raad, Asaad Butrus, Aziz Asaad Butrus, Salem Youssuf Nader Raad, Sassine Asaad Butrus, Laila Mahmoud, and Shafiqa Asaad Butrus. Letter content includes personal details and information about Joseph's businesses. Letters also discuss sending money to family members, marital arrangement opportunities, and current issues in Lebanon.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Celine Shay, 2022. Collection Guide content contributed by Lala Al Saeedi and updated by Allison Hall, 2022 and 2023 December.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1891-1919
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0063
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KJoseph_004
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Khalil Youssuf Nader Raad to Asaad Butrus, 1899 September 13
رسالة من خليل يوسف نادر رعد الى اسعد بطرس، ١٨٩٩ ايلول ١٣
Description
An account of the resource
A letter from Khalil to Asaad Butrus, sending greetings to all of his family. Khalil sent Butrus 30 liras through the Ottoman Bank transfer and asks him to write a note and give it to Khalil's father. Khalil requests Asaad to write back when he receives the money.
رسالة من خليل الى اسعد بطرس، يرسل تحياته الى العائلة. يرسل خليل الى اسعد مبلغ 30 ليرة انجليزية عن طريق البنك العثماني، ويطلب منه كتابة كمبيالة بالمبلغ واعطائها للوالد، وان يرسل له بعد استلام المبلغ.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Khalil Joseph Nader Raad
خليل يوسف نادر رعد
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1899 September 13
١٨٩٩-٠٩-١٣
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Families
Finance
Lebanon
Letters-Arabic
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/3639d85ba426704c7590b72a9911f873.pdf
14a0eb63d46499cd3783836e9162ceb2
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Khalil Joseph Letters
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Khalil Joseph was a Lebanese immigrant to the United States, specifically to West Virginia, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In West Virginia, Joseph operated several businesses and stayed in contact with family and friends in Lebanon.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>This collection consists of 47 Arabic letters written between 1891 and 1919, a majority of which were written by Khalil Joseph (Khalil Youssuf) from West Virginia. Other letters were either written by or addressed to Youssuf Nader Raad, Asaad Butrus, Aziz Asaad Butrus, Salem Youssuf Nader Raad, Sassine Asaad Butrus, Laila Mahmoud, and Shafiqa Asaad Butrus. Letter content includes personal details and information about Joseph's businesses. Letters also discuss sending money to family members, marital arrangement opportunities, and current issues in Lebanon.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Celine Shay, 2022. Collection Guide content contributed by Lala Al Saeedi and updated by Allison Hall, 2022 and 2023 December.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1891-1919
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0063
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KJoseph_003
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Khalil Youssuf Nader Raad to Asaad Butrus, 1899 August 27
رسالة من خليل يوسف نادر رعد الى اسعد بطرس، ١٨٩٩ اب ٢٧
Description
An account of the resource
A letter from Khalil to Asaad Butrus, sending greetings to all of his family. He apologizes for missing [names not clear] in the station and sends money to his family. To ensure the family receives the money, he asks for confirmation of receipt.
يرسل خليل تحياته الى الاهل، ويعتذر عن عدم ملاقاة اشخاص [اسماء غير واضحة] في المحطة، لعدم علمه بالوصول، ويرسل مبلغا ماليا الى العائلة. ويطلب تأكيد استلام المبلغ.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Khalil Joseph Nader Raad
خليل يوسف نادر رعد
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1899 August 27
١٨٩٩-٠٨-٢٧
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Families
Finance
Lebanon
Letters-Arabic
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/f89741165a84335680280aca19800398.pdf
616fa747f7c640b0a44720dcbec4be75
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Khalil Joseph Letters
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Khalil Joseph was a Lebanese immigrant to the United States, specifically to West Virginia, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In West Virginia, Joseph operated several businesses and stayed in contact with family and friends in Lebanon.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>This collection consists of 47 Arabic letters written between 1891 and 1919, a majority of which were written by Khalil Joseph (Khalil Youssuf) from West Virginia. Other letters were either written by or addressed to Youssuf Nader Raad, Asaad Butrus, Aziz Asaad Butrus, Salem Youssuf Nader Raad, Sassine Asaad Butrus, Laila Mahmoud, and Shafiqa Asaad Butrus. Letter content includes personal details and information about Joseph's businesses. Letters also discuss sending money to family members, marital arrangement opportunities, and current issues in Lebanon.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Celine Shay, 2022. Collection Guide content contributed by Lala Al Saeedi and updated by Allison Hall, 2022 and 2023 December.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1891-1919
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0063
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KJoseph_002
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Khalil Yossuf Nader Raad to Youssuf Nader Raad, 1897 September 10
رسالة من خليل يوسف نادر رعد الى يوسف نادر رعد، ١٨٩٧ ايلول ١٠
Description
An account of the resource
A letter from Khalil to his father, sending greetings to his father and family. Khalil informs his father that he lent his cousin [name not clear] 6 liras, and wants his father to take a payment note for one year. He reassures his father about himself, brothers, and all in diaspora.
رسالة من خليل يوسف الى والده، يرسل تحياته الى العائلة وابيه. يعلم خليل والده انه اقرض ابن عمه [الاسم غير واضح] مبلغ 6 ليرة انجليزية، ويطلب منه اخذ كمبياله لمدة سنة. ويطمئن والده عن نفسه واخوانه والمغتربين معه.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Khalil Joseph Nader Raad
خليل يوسف نادر رعد
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1897 September 10
١٨٩٧-٠٩-١٠
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Families
Finance
Lebanon
Letters-Arabic
West Virginia
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/088891e7cedf56e871245f3b3d81192d.pdf
0615177721550ed5917057163110be71
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collection of Khalil Joseph Letters
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Khalil Joseph was a Lebanese immigrant to the United States, specifically to West Virginia, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In West Virginia, Joseph operated several businesses and stayed in contact with family and friends in Lebanon.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>This collection consists of 47 Arabic letters written between 1891 and 1919, a majority of which were written by Khalil Joseph (Khalil Youssuf) from West Virginia. Other letters were either written by or addressed to Youssuf Nader Raad, Asaad Butrus, Aziz Asaad Butrus, Salem Youssuf Nader Raad, Sassine Asaad Butrus, Laila Mahmoud, and Shafiqa Asaad Butrus. Letter content includes personal details and information about Joseph's businesses. Letters also discuss sending money to family members, marital arrangement opportunities, and current issues in Lebanon.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Celine Shay, 2022. Collection Guide content contributed by Lala Al Saeedi and updated by Allison Hall, 2022 and 2023 December.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1891-1919
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0063
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Digital material in this collection is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Physical material in this collection is also available to researchers. For questions or to access a collection, please contact us at kcldsarchive@ncsu.edu. Please give at least 48 hours for responses to any inquiries regarding the materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KJoseph_001
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Khalil Yossuf Nader Raad to Youssuf Nader Raad, 1891 August 18
رسالة من خليل يوسف نادر رعد الى يوسف نادر رعد، ١٨٩١ اب ١٨
Description
An account of the resource
A letter from Khalil to his father, Youssuf Raad. He sends his greetings and asks about the family and his father. Khalil asks his father to collect a notice of repayment (bill) from Khawaja Asaad Ibrahim, who will arrive in Lebanon soon. He includes details about Assad's place of residence and how to collect the money.
رسالة من خليل يوسف الى والده. يرسل تحياته، ويسأل عن العائلة وابيه. خليل يطلب من والده تحصيل مبلغ كمبياله من خواجه اسعد ابراهيم، الاخير يصل لبنان قريبا. ويذكر تفاصيل استلام المبلغ ومحل اقامة اسعد.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Khalil Joseph Nader Raad
خليل يوسف نادر رعد
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1891 August 18
١٨٩١-٠٨-١٨
Language
A language of the resource
Arabic
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letter writing, Arabic
Correspondence
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jihad Bannout
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Families
Finance
Lebanon
Letters-Arabic
West Virginia
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/fe2f9889b5abecb750a2127bd7fedbb6.pdf
33c46a02339821db5dbdf4939dc8dfcf
PDF Text
Text
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Kahdy and Wehbie Family Papers
Description
An account of the resource
<h4>Biographical/Historical Note</h4>
<p>Mike Mettrey (Mikail Mitri) Wehbie was born in Mt. Lebanon on August 8, 1888. His wife, Mary Nehra Wehbie of the Saliba family, was born in Mt. Lebanon on January 25, 1896. Mike Wehbie's family immigrated to the United States in the late 1800s; Mary immigrated in 1906. In the early 1920s, Mike, Mary, and their nine children moved to Bteghrine, Lebanon for three years, where the children attended a French school. Mike and Mary's children were Nell (Nellie) Mettrey Wehbie, William Mettrey, Helen Wehbie, Christmas Wehbie, Amelia Wehbie (Salem), Simon or Sam Wehbie, Margaret Wehbie (Saloom), Marie Wehbie (Mossberg), and Wehbie Mettrey Wehbie. After returning to the United States, the family moved from Elizabeth City, North Carolina to Raleigh, North Carolina. In Raleigh, Mike opened several businesses on Fayetteville Street, including the Log Cabin, which was a popular restaurant and tavern during World War II. </p>
<p>Nell (Nellie) Mettrey Wehbie was born in Elizabeth City, North Carolina on April 30, 1916 to Mike and Mary Wehbie. She graduated From Meredith College in 1938 with a teaching degree and concentrations in English and Foreign Languages. George Kahdy was born in Baskinta, Lebanon on October 6, 1921. George and his parents, Adma Sawaya and Asaf (Assif) George Kahdy, immigrated to the United States when he was 18 months old. George had four sisters: Afifi (Adele), Genee (Janette), Sally, and Virginia. George was raised in Macon, Georgia and attended the Lanier School for Boys where he participated in ROTC. He spent one year at Georgia Tech before volunteering as a buck private in the 30th Infantry Division of the United States Army in 1940. George worked at Fort Jackson, South Carolina training draftees, became a fighter pilot in the Army Air Corps, and taught graduate pilots gunnery and fighter tactics at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida.</p>
<p>In 1944, George met Nell Wehbie through his parents, who were friends of Mike and Mary. At the time, Nell was working as a high school teacher in Warsaw, North Carolina. She also worked for the Red Cross in Washington D.C., where she lived with her sister, Amelia, and Amelia's husband, Joe Salem. On July 9, 1944, Nell and George married at Christ Episcopal Church in Raleigh. While George was stationed at Eglin, the couple lived in Milton, Florida. They had their first child, Barbara, on July 14, 1945. On January 16, 1948, they had twins George and Georgette.</p>
<p>The family moved to Knightsdale, North Carolina, where Nell acquired a teaching job and George attended Wake Forest University under the G.I. Bill. After graduating, George taught math and science at Needham Broughton High School, where Nell taught language courses. Nell was honored in the 1950s and 1960s by the American Foreign Language Association as one of the top high school teachers in the United States. While teaching, both Nell and George earned Master's degrees at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In 1956, Nell received a Fulbright Scholarship to study at the Goethe Institute in Munich, Germany for the summer. Through the American Institute of Foreign Studies, she led students and teachers on trips to England, France, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, and Spain for 25 summers. George served as principal of various schools for 13 years, including during the period of school integration. He went on to hold various governmental positions related to education. </p>
<p>Nell passed away in July 2015 and George in September 2023. Barbara Kahdy Estes started a physical therapy practice in Atlanta before moving to the North Carolina mountains. George Kahdy Jr. became a veterinarian and founded a veterinary practice near Raleigh. Georgette Kahdy Stone taught French and Spanish and lives in Charleston, South Carolina.</p>
<h4>Scope/Content Note</h4>
<p>The Kahdy and Wehbie Family Papers primarily relate to the lives of George Kahdy, Nellie Mettrey Wehbie Kahdy, and their three children, Barbara, George, and Georgette. The collection contains photographs, newspaper clippings, correspondence, and other records related to the family and their achievements. The collection also includes images from a trip to Lebanon around 2010.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Barbara Kahdy Estes
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890s-2010s
Subject
The topic of the resource
Lebanese--United States
Military
Photographs
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Processed by Khayrallah Center staff. Collection Guide content contributed by Barbara Kahdy Estes and updated by Allison Hall, 2023 December.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/collections/show/24">Amelia and Joseph Salem Papers</a>
Language
A language of the resource
English
Arabic
French
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
KC 0026
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
This digital material is provided here for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Kahdy2019_001
Title
A name given to the resource
Framed Portrait of Marta Sawaya and Dr. Habib Sawaya
Description
An account of the resource
A framed portrait of Marta Sawaya and Dr. Habib Sawaya in formal attire. Caption on the back reads, "Marta died 1901 or 2 and Dr Habib Saway died before Marta. Betegrine, Lebanon Late 1800s. George A. Kahdy's grandparents in Lebanon maternal side. Barbara's paternal great grandparents."
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1890s
Subject
The topic of the resource
Lebanese--United States
Photographs
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Barbara Kahdy Estes
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Families
Portraits
-
https://lebanesestudies.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/files/original/8236795bcfcfda610df828e6198262d7.pdf
ba5dfbdebb671ec268b29190176ca689
PDF Text
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Oussani and Fuleihan Family Papers Series 1: Documents
Description
An account of the resource
This series contains correspondence, legal documents, and newspaper clippings related to the Oussani and Fuleihan families.
Materials in this series are arranged chronologically.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1893-1996
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Oussani2018-1048
Title
A name given to the resource
Pocantico Hills Property Map
Subject
The topic of the resource
Property maps
Description
An account of the resource
Blueprint map of land deeded to Joseph Oussani, formerly of W.C. Church, Mary E. Church, and Willard Church, in Pocantico Hills, New York, showing 32 acres, dated 28 April 1899.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1899
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Physical Object
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Image/pdf
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Oussani Fuleihan family
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The donor retains full ownership of any copyright and rights currently controlled. Nonexclusive right to authorize uses of these materials for non-commercial research, scholarly, or other educational purposes are granted to Khayrallah Center pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. Usage of the materials for these purposes must be fully credited with the source. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials.
1890s
Maps
New York